Wallaby Route Explained

The Wallaby Route or "Wallaby Service" is a term coined by Qantas (formerly Qantas Empire Airways), referring to the commercial passenger air route between Australia and South Africa.

First flown in 1948, its name was inspired by the route's short ‘hops’ used to cover the long distance, similar to the hops of the wallaby; a marsupial largely endemic to, and culturally associated, with Australia. The name "Wallaby Route" for their new Australia-South Africa service was chosen by Qantas Empire Airways after considering hundreds of suggested titles.^[1] The chosen name of "Wallaby" was suggested by Major-General Christoffel 'Boetie' Venter, then manager of South African Airways.^[2] The name choice was also to indicate its relationship to Qantas' famous "Kangaroo Route" connecting Australia and the United Kingdom.

The first Wallaby Route flight

Qantas Empire Airways first flew the Wallaby Route to South Africa on 14 November 1948 with a survey flight operated with an Avro Lancastrian from Sydney via Melbourne, Perth, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Mauritius to Johannesburg.^{[3] [4]} Connecting the two continents with direct commercial air flight for the first time. The initial survey flight took a total of 41 hours and 52 minutes of flying time done over seven days of November 14–20. Combining a 10-hour 21 minute flight from Sydney to Perth, an 8-hour 5 minute flight to the Cocos Islands, a 12-hour 8 minute flight to Mauritius, and a final 9 hour 40 minute flight to Johannesburg. The return eastbound route included an additional stop at Réunion due to the fuel & weight restrictions from the high altitude of Johannesburg.

Evolution of the Wallaby Route

6 Hop Era (1952-1957)

• On 1 September 1952, the first scheduled passenger service left Sydney for Johannesburg. Qantas carried 27 passengers on the inaugural flight, utilising their popular Lockheed Constellation L-749A aircraft that had proven to be a great success in their replacement of the Lancastrians on the Kangaroo Route.^{[5] [6]} The westbound Wallaby route 'hopped' from Sydney, to Perth, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mauritius, and arrived in Johannesburg approximately 2 days and 18 hours later.^[7]
• In 1955, Qantas replaced the aircraft with its Super Constellation L-1049 and replaced the Melbourne stop with a stop in Darwin, resulting in a reduction in the route's travel time to 30 hours.^[8]

5 Hop Era (1957-1967)

• In 1957, Qantas and South African Airways (SAA) announced a partnership to operate the Wallaby Route on alternating weeks, SAA with its Douglas DC-7B aircraft and Qantas with its Super Constellations. With the powerful DC-7B's extra range, SAA could skip Réunion completely. The remaining difference was SAA's service terminated in Perth where Qantas' continued on to Sydney via Melbourne.^[9]
• in 1963 Qantas introduced its Lockheed L-188 Electra aircraft to the route, reducing the flight time to around 26 hours 30 minutes.^[10] The April 19, 1963 eastbound Wallaby Route flight was noteworthy as it was the last ever passenger flight of Qantas' Super Constellations.

3 Hop Era (1967-1982)

• In March 1967,^[11] with Perth Airport's runway extension now completed and capable of handling jet aircraft,^[12] both Qantas and SAA replaced their respective Lockheed Electras and DC-7Bs with their new Boeing 707. With the jets' superior range, the Melbourne and Cocos Islands stops were eliminated from the Wallaby Route^[13] reducing the Sydney-Johannesburg connection to only 2 stops, Perth and Mauritius, and a reduced flight time of approximately 18 hours.^{[14] [15]}
• From 1976 to 1982 Qantas suspended all operations between Australia and South Africa. During this time SAA continued to operate, introducing their 747SPs on the route in 1977 before changing over to the larger 747Bs.^{[16] [17] [18]}

2 Hop Era (1982-2001)

• On November 14, 1982^[19] Qantas restored service on the Wallaby route to Zimbabwe (Harare) using its new 747SP aircraft with Johannesburg direct services (re)added later. Reducing the Wallaby Route (to Harare) to 1 stop (Perth).^[20]
• On October 27, 1987, SAA ended its Wallaby Route service,^[21] eventually restarting in January 1992 after the demise of apartheid using a 747-200.^[22]

1 Hop (Nonstop) Era

• In January 2001, Qantas started nonstop flights between Sydney and Johannesburg using their 747-400 aircraft with an average flight time of 14 hours 10 minutes.^{[23] [24]}
• In 2003, SAA changed their Wallaby Route service to their new A340-200s but remained a 2 hop route via Perth. In 2020, SAA ceased Wallaby Route service operations as part of the impact of its bankruptcy.^[25]
• From 2020-2024, Qantas was the sole operator of the Wallaby Route using a Boeing 787-9 to connect Sydney and Johannesburg nonstop in 14 hours 30 minutes.^[26]
• On 28 April 2024, SAA resumed its Wallaby Route service, relaunching its nonstop route between Johannesburg and Perth.^{[27] [28]}

See also

• Kangaroo Route
• Southern Cross Route
• Fiesta Route - Qantas' route that existed from 1964 to 1975 connecting Sydney to London via Fiji, Tahiti, Acapulco, Mexico City, The Bahamas, and Bermuda.^{[29] [30]}

References

1. Book: Walkabout . 1953 . Australian National Travel Association . 46 . en.
2. Book: Flight: The Aircraft Engineer . 1952 . IPC Transport Press Limited . 769 . en.
3. Book: https://books.google.com/books?id=xQ8nAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA78 . Flight: The Aircraft Engineer . 1952 . IPC Transport Press Limited . 78 . en . Indian Ocean Route - Qantas to Fly Direct AustraliaSouth Africa Services: Cocos Base Re-constructed.
4. Book: Guttery, Ben R. . Encyclopedia of African Airlines . 1998-01-01 . Ben Guttery . 978-0-7864-0495-7 . 123 . en.
5. News: November 2002 . Qantas Fact File . 29 . . 2023-04-01.
6. Web site: QANTAS 'CONNIES' TRAVERSING THE GLOBE . 2023-04-24 . www.key.aero . en.
7. Web site: 1 May 1953 . Qantas Empire Airways Timetable May 1953 . 20 Apr 2023 . Timetableimages.com.
8. Web site: 1 Nov 1955 . Qantas 1955 Timetable . 20 Apr 2023 . Timetable Images.
9. Web site: 1 Feb 1958 . SAA Timetable Feb 1958 . 20 Apr 2023 . Timetableimages.com.
10. News: 1967-02-04 . 10 hours off flight time . Canberra Times . 2023-04-26.
11. Web site: VH-JET#1 & Her Sisters . 2023-04-26 . www.adastron.com.
12. Web site: 1 Apr 2020 . Perth Airport Master Plan 2020 . 20 Apr 2023 . Perth Airport . 18.
13. Book: Friedberg, Lionel . The Flying Springbok: A History of South African Airways Since Its Inception to the Post-Apartheid Era . 2021-07-31 . John Hunt Publishing . 978-1-78904-647-2 . en.
14. Web site: 1 Jun 1968 . Qantas Timetable June 1968 . 20 Apr 2023 . Timetable Images.
15. News: 1987-10-28 . Last 'Wallaby Route' flight leaves S. Africa may cancel Qantas flights . Canberra Times . 2023-04-26.
16. News: 1977-09-21 . Inside the "other world" that is SOUTH AFRICA . Australian Women's Weekly . 2023-04-26.
17. News: 1982-10-01 . Qantas to fly to Zimbabwe . Canberra Times . 2023-04-26.
18. News: 1981-02-04 . ADVANTAGE TO SOUTH AFRICAN AIRWAYS . Canberra Times . 2023-04-26.
19. News: 1982-11-13 . Flights on . Canberra Times . 2023-04-26.
20. News: 1982-10-19 . Qantas Jumbo! The Fastest Way to the Heart of Africa . 6 . Canberra Times . 2023-04-25.
21. Pirie . G.H. . 1990 . Aviation, Apartheid, and Sanctions: Air Transport to and from South Africa, 1945-1989 . GeoJournal . 22 . 3 . 231–240. 10.1007/BF00711334 . 189883660 .
22. Book: Davies, R. E. G. . Airlines of the Jet Age: A History . 2016-08-24 . Smithsonian Institution . 978-1-944466-07-7 . en.
23. Web site: 11 Dec 2020 . IASC Decision [2000] IASC 217 ]. 26 Apr 2023 . IASC.gov.au . 3.
24. Web site: 2001 . 2001 Qantas Annual Report . 26 Apr 2023 . AnnualReports.com.
25. Web site: 2020-07-15 . South African Airways to fly again, after $2.38bn Government bailout - Executive Traveller . 2023-04-24 . www.executivetraveller.com . en.
26. Web site: Qantas flights from Sydney to O.R. Tambo, Johannesburg. . 2023-04-24 . info.flightmapper.net.
27. Web site: South African Airways Plans Australia Return Aviation Week Network . 2024-01-10 . aviationweek.com.
28. Web site: Perth reconnects with Johannesburg as non-stop flights return . 2024-05-01 . Australian Aviation . en-AU.
29. Web site: LondonAirTravel . 2022-05-01 . The History Of Flight Between The UK and Australia From 1935 Onwards . 2022-11-29 . London Air Travel . en-US.
30. News: April 16, 2019 . Quiz: Beach Boys Lyric or Qantas Route? . Qantas . November 25, 2022.