| Waleran III of Luxembourg | |
| Succession1: | Count of Ligny and Saint-Pol |
| Reign1: | 1371 - 1415 |
| Predecessor1: | Guy I |
| Successor1: | Philip |
| House: | House of Luxemburg |
| Issue: | Jeanne of Luxembourg |
| Father: | Guy of Luxembourg |
| Mother: | Mahaut of Châtillon |
| Spouse: | Maud Holland (c.1374 - 1392) Bona of Bar (c.1392 - 1400) |
| Birth Date: | 1355 |
Waleran III of Luxembourg (1355 – 12 April 1415) Count of Ligny and Saint Pol, was a French nobleman and soldier.
Waleran was the son of Guy of Luxembourg and Mahaut of Châtillon. His name originates from the fact that he was a 5th generation descendant of Henry V, Count of Luxembourg, and thus belonged to the French branch of the House of Luxembourg.
Waleran succeeded his father in 1371, after his death at the Battle of Baesweiler. Waleran was captured at the same battle, but released through the intercession of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor. In 1374, he was captured by the English before Ardres and sent to Windsor as a prisoner. The English attempted to exchange him for Jean III de Grailly, captal de Buch, but without success. In 1380, while a captive, Waleran married Maud Holland (d. 1392), daughter of Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent and Joan of Kent and Richard II's half-sister. He did homage, to Richard II of England, for his French domains, which allowed him to negotiate down his ransom, and he was released soon afterwards.
After Maud's death, Waleran married Bona of Bar (d. 1400), daughter of Duke Robert of Bar and Marie of Valois (daughter of John II of France), but they had no children. He was one of the peace commissioners sent to London in 1396. On 30 December 1396, Waleran was made governor of Genoa.
Waleran wrote Henry IV of England a letter on 9 November 1403, stating his intentions to attack England. He declared a personal grudge against the man who had killed and replaced, his relative, Richard II. He blockaded Calais in 1403, stopping all overland commerce into the town ordering the arrest of any English merchants. Later in 1405, he made a futile attack on the English at Mercq near Calais. Waleran was of the party of Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, marrying his daughter to Philip's son Antoine. Under the Burgundians he obtained preferment, becoming Grand Maître des Eaux et Forêts, the governor of Paris in 1410, and Constable of France in 1411. However, he lost the Constableship and was driven from Paris with the rest of the Burgundians in 1413. He died in 1415 and was succeeded by his grandson Philip of Saint-Pol.
Waleran and Maud had:
By his mistress, Agnes de Brie, Waleran had: