| Waldheim | |
| Type: | Stadt |
| Image Coa: | Wappen_Waldheim.png |
| Coordinates: | 51.0667°N 14°W |
| Image Plan: | Waldheim in FG.png |
| State: | Sachsen |
| District: | Mittelsachsen |
| Elevation: | 266 |
| Area: | 41.62 |
| Postal Code: | 04736 |
| Area Code: | 034327 |
| Licence: | FG |
| Gemeindeschlüssel: | 14522570 |
| Divisions: | 5 |
| Website: | www.stadt-waldheim.de |
| Mayor: | Steffen Ernst[1] |
| Leader Term: | 2022 - 29 |
Waldheim is a town in Mittelsachsen district, in Saxony, Germany.
It is situated in the valley of the river Zschopau, 9km (06miles) southwest of Döbeln, and 28km (17miles) north of Chemnitz. The municipal area comprises Waldheim proper, the localities of Reinsdorf, Massanei, Heiligenborn, and Schönberg, as well as parts of the former Ziegra-Knobelsdorf municipality with the localities of Gebersbach, Heyda, Knobelsdorf, Meinsberg, Neuhausen, and Rudelsdorf, which were incorporated in 2013.
Neighbouring towns are Hartha, Döbeln and Geringswalde as well as the municipality of Kriebstein.
Waldheim station is a stop on the Riesa–Chemnitz railway, served by Regionalbahn trains of Deutsche Bahn and the private Vogtlandbahn railway company.
Waldheim in the Margraviate of Meissen was first mentioned in 1198. Waldheim Castle first appeared in a 1271 deed, the surrounding settlement received town privileges in 1286. The castle was turned into an Augustinian monastery in 1404. The population turned Protestant in 1537.In 1588 Waldheim Castle was again rebuilt as a hunting lodge by Elector Christian I of Saxony. In 1716 Augustus II the Strong inaugurated a penitentiary, almshouse and orphanage in the castle, which is used as a prison (Justizvollzugsanstalt) up to today. The hospital ‘Chur-Sächisches Zucht-Waysen und Armen-Haus’ in Waldheim was the first state institution dedicated to the care of the mentally ill on the German territory.[2] The later author Karl May served a sentence here from 1870 to 1874. In the Nazi era, Waldheim Prison became notorious as a detention centre for political opponents, convicted for preparation of high treason, undermining military morale or just listening to banned Feindsender radio stations. Among the inmates were several resistance fighters like Eva Schulze-Knabe, who was convicted by the People's Court in 1942 and freed at the end of World War II.
When the NKVD special camps were handed over from the Soviet Military Administration to the East German government in 1950, numerous NKVD detainees were transferred to Waldheim for further detention and for trial. From April to June 1950, the Communist authorities put about 3,400 alleged war and Nazi criminals to the Waldheim Trials, ending with prison terms and 32 death sentences.
The current city council of Waldheim was elected in 2009 and has 18 seats:
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany. Waldheim is twinned with:
Landsberg am Lech, Germany, since 1990
Siófok, Hungary, since 1996