WUAB explained

Callsign:WUAB
Logo Upright:1
Logo Alt:At left, the CW network logo in orange. To the right is the number 43. On top of the "CW" is the lettering "CLEVELAND".
Location:Lorain–Cleveland, Ohio
Country:United States
City:Lorain, Ohio
Digital:10 (VHF), shared with WOIO
Virtual:43
Branding:CW 43; 19 News
Owner:Gray Television
Licensee:Gray Television Licensee, LLC
Callsign Meaning:"United Artists Broadcasting"
Licensing Authority:FCC
Facility Id:8532
Translator:18 (UHF) Akron

WUAB (channel 43) is a television station licensed to Lorain, Ohio, United States, serving the Cleveland area as an affiliate of The CW. It is owned by Gray Television alongside low-power Telemundo affiliate WTCL-LD (channel 6) and Shaker Heights–licensed CBS affiliate WOIO (channel 19), the latter station whose full-power spectrum WUAB transmits over via a channel sharing agreement. WUAB, WOIO and WTCL-LD share studios on the ground floor of the Reserve Square building in Downtown Cleveland, with WUAB and WOIO sharing transmitter facilities at the West Creek Reservation in Parma.[1]

Founded in 1968 by the United Artists film studio, from which its call sign is derived from, WUAB was originally one of two ultra high frequency (UHF) independent stations to sign on in the Cleveland market, doing so eight months after Kaiser Broadcasting's WKBF-TV signed on. Prevailing over WKBF-TV in a seven-year-long battle for advertisers and audience, WUAB became one of the highest-rated UHF independent stations in the country by 1971, aided by a strong lineup of off-network reruns, feature films, sporting events, and popular local talent. Purchased by Gaylord Broadcasting in 1977, WUAB bolstered its sports presence as the over-the-air home for Cleveland Indians and Cleveland Cavaliers telecasts in 1980 and established a news department in 1988, with a cable television footprint spanning multiple states.

The station was acquired by Stephen J. Cannell in 1990 but taken over by WOIO owner Malrite Communications in 1994 via a local marketing agreement, taking effect at the same time WOIO became the market's CBS affiliate and helping provide that station with a news service. A charter affiliate for both UPN and The WB from 1995 to 1997, WUAB became an exclusive UPN affiliate until the network's 2006 closure, subsequently linking up with MyNetworkTV in 2006 and The CW in 2018. Acquired outright by Malrite's successor Raycom Media in 2000, WUAB and WOIO have been in Gray Television's portfolio from 2019 onward, adding startup Telemundo affiliate WTCL-LD as a third station in 2022.

History

Application and construction

United Artists Broadcasting, owned by the film studio of the same name, was the first of three applicants to file paperwork for a new television station on channel 65 in Cleveland, having done so on March 22, 1963. The allocation was one of two designated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for commercial broadcasting on the ultra high frequency (UHF) in Cleveland proper; prior construction permits granted to radio stations WERE and WHK in 1953[2] [3] were never built and revoked in 1960.[4] United Artists had filed to construct television stations in Cleveland, Houston and Boston, but the film studio having been a defendant in a civil antitrust lawsuit related to United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc.[5] led the FCC to state it would reflect on "requisite qualifications" over the studio's fitness to own a television station, despite the lawsuit occurring ten years beforehand.[6] The other two applicants for the channel were a group headed by WDBN owner Ted Niarhos[7] and Superior Broadcasting Co., majority-controlled by area businessman Frank V. Mavec.[8] [9]

A comparative hearing between the applicants began in late December 1963. Early in the proceedings, United Artists requested that the FCC determine if projected operating deficits by the other two applicants lasted beyond the first year;[10] in response, the commission requested each applicant demonstrate an ability to survive against established VHF competition over the first three years[11] and revised their financial qualification policy.[12] United Artists abruptly withdrew from the hearing process for the channel 65 license by amending their application to request channel 31 in Lorain, Ohio, unused after a permit for WEOL-TV held by WEOL radio failed to be built after years of delays.[13] The Niarhos-led group concurrently withdrew their bid. A May 1965 realignment of UHF allocations[14] saw United Artists's permit request for channel 31 moved to 43 and Superior's permit request for channel 65 moved to 61. Both companies were awarded construction permits in the spring of 1966.[15] Superior sold their permit to a joint venture between itself and Kaiser Broadcasting, which launched WKBF-TV on January 19, 1968.[16]

United Artists ownership

WUAB was signed on by United Artists on September 15, 1968,[17] following WKBF-TV as the second commercial UHF station in Cleveland proper and the fifth full-power UHF station in the market.[18] WUAB used the WKBF-TV transmitter tower in Parma; the installation of the WUAB antenna on the tower several days prior forced WKBF-TV to be off the air for an extended period of time. As their studio facility near Parmatown Mall was still under construction, WUAB operated out of a semi-trailer next to an adjacent Parma bowling alley,[19] with some studios inside the alley's nursery. Marty Sullivan, one of the station's first announcers, later recalled how a restroom adjacent to the main announcer booth had a warning sign, "Do not use Bippy when announcer is in booth".[20] WVIZ's Brook Park studios were also utilized by WUAB. WUAB's lack of any physical assets in Lorain proper and film studio ownership was met with criticism by the Lorain Journal editorial board, which asked, "Why call it a Lorain station? Why give Lorain's TV franchise to outsiders who want to operate outside of Lorain? Why not give Lorain people an opportunity to operate a TV station in Lorain, to serve Lorain?"[21]

The less-than-optimal working arrangement while permanent studios were being constructed severely limited WUAB's local output; by comparison, WKBF-TV boasted an array of local programming[22] and launched a news service.[23] The combined Cleveland–Akron–Canton television market was ranked in 1968 as the eighth-largest in the United States,[24] with the industry taking notice over the two competing UHF stations with well-financed ownership and substantial investment. Befitting its ownership by a film studio, WUAB placed an emphasis on feature films with a prime time showcase dubbed the UA Star Movie.[25] Even with the existing limitations facing the station, WUAB successfully claimed a significant portion of WKBF-TV's audience by the spring of 1969. The Plain Dealer critic William Hinckley retrospectively noted WUAB almost immediately entered the marketplace with better overall programming than WKBF-TV, promptly dividing the available audience.[26] WUAB's studios were completed in June 1969, with the next few months proving to be a turning point. Linn Sheldon, who joined WKBF-TV to host an afternoon movie in August 1968,[27] left that station to join WUAB on December 1, 1969, reviving the acclaimed children's show "Barnaby" which he originated at KYW-TV.[28] Several weeks earlier, a Saturday afternoon science fiction film showcase Mad Theatre launched, hosted by Sullivan under the Superhost persona. Sullivan created the character accidentally during rehearsals for a performance by The Four Lads when the audience reacted positively to his facial contortions; he then adopted a nasal vocalization to distinguish from his announcer voice. Another staff announcer, Jack Reynolds, began emceeing professional wrestling tapings at the station in 1969.[29] Alice Weston, recognized as the first female television host in Cleveland, became the station's public affairs director[30] and a talk show host.[31] An emphasis was also placed on sports, as WUAB carried Ohio State Buckeyes football and men's basketball,[32] Notre Dame Fighting Irish football and Cleveland Barons broadcasts.[33] A daily early-afternoon movie showcase, the Prize Movie, launched with Reynolds as host, with WGAR personality John Lanigan taking over in 1975.[34] [35]

At the same time WUAB's fortunes rose, Kaiser Broadcasting began instituting cutbacks at both WKBF-TV and their station group, including the groupwide elimination of local newscasts on November 12, 1970.[36] All but one of Kaiser's stations failed to turn a profit after three years of investment, raising industry concerns over the viability of UHF stations.[37] WUAB, however, became not only the Cleveland market's leading UHF independent by 1971, but the second-highest rated UHF station in the country behind Boston's WSBK-TV. Cleveland Cavaliers and Cleveland Crusaders telecasts were added in 1972, but WUAB declined to renew the Cavaliers contract in 1975 over increasing costs.[38] Kaiser announced a pending shutdown of WKBF-TV on April 8, 1975,[39] after agreeing to sell WKBF's technical and programming assets to United Artists in exchange for a 36 percent equity stake in WUAB.[40] [41] WKBF-TV operated at a loss throughout the station's entire existence of, with Kaiser officials admitting the market could not support more than one UHF independent. In the days prior to the announcement, both WUAB and WKBF-TV management acknowledged negotiations over an asset disposition had been ongoing for "a couple of years".[42] During a farewell on-air statement,[43] WKBF-TV general manager Alan B. Bennett stated that the sign-on of WUAB impeded consumer demand, in turn placing Kaiser in financial jeopardy, "... and that only one successful (station) must merge."[44] WUAB not only acquired the rights to much of WKBF-TV's programming,[45] but replaced the station in several cable systems outside of the market, including Zanesville[46] and Dover/New Philadelphia.[47]

The WKBF-TV asset sale came at the same time as a possible dial position move for WUAB. After a construction permit for channel 19, in place since 1968,[48] was sold to Joseph T. Zingale—a former co-owner of WIXY and with ownership interests in multiple area professional sports teams[49] —United Artists protested the sale.[50] Despite meeting FCC approval,[51] Zingale rescinded the purchase in early 1974 due to a pricing dispute.[52] United Artists then offered to purchase the permit in January 1975 with the intent of moving WUAB to channel 19,[53] but Zingale filed a protest against the sale after renewed interest in it.[54] An FCC review board revoked the channel 19 permit in April 1976 after declining to extend the construction deadline.

Gaylord Broadcasting years

Citing a decision to leave broadcasting, United Artists sold WUAB to the Gaylord Broadcasting Company for $10.5 million (equivalent to $ in) in September 1976;[55] Kaiser, itself in the process of being sold to minority owner Field Communications,[56] divested their equity stake in the station. Under Gaylord, WUAB continued its expansion into cable television; when the station signed a three-year contract on October 20, 1979, for Cleveland Indians broadcasts, its cable footprint reached five states and one million homes.[57] Bruce Drennan and Joe Tait were hired to announce WUAB's Indians telecasts[58] and called Len Barker's perfect game on May 15, 1981.[59] [60] WUAB then reacquired the local rights to Cleveland Cavaliers broadcasts from WJKW-TV effective with the 1980–81 season,[61] helping to establish a year-round sports presence.[62]

While WKBF-TV's closure raised doubts about the possibility of a second UHF independent in the market, the imminent maturity of subscription television (STV) technology led a consortium of four Chicago-area companies to sign on WCLQ-TV (channel 61) on March 3, 1981.[63] WCLQ-TV operated at first as a hybrid independent and area affiliate for Preview,[64] but Preview's demise in 1983 forced WCLQ-TV to operate as a full-time independent.[65] [66] A subsequent ownership change at WCLQ-TV[67] resulted in that station aggressively purchasing syndication rights to multiple programs, in turn driving up costs for programs on WUAB in what was later termed "the indie boom".[68] Despite WCLQ-TV's aggressiveness, WUAB maintained a position in 1985 as the top-rated independent station in town, buoyed largely by Indians and Cavaliers broadcasts, an extensive film library and well-established local programs.[69] At the same time, WOIO (channel 19) launched on May 19, 1985, owned by a group with Malrite Communications as one of the investors, while WBNX-TV (channel 55) was signed on by the ministry of televangelist Ernest Angley.[70]

The added competition ultimately drove down ratings and advertising rates for all four independent stations, in particular WOIO and WUAB.[71] WUAB purchased Webster reruns and continued to pay for the show's rights into 1990 despite having removed the program from its schedule years earlier.[72] While WOIO immediately made an impact in the local ratings, the station was sold outright to Malrite for an infusion of capital.[73] Finding next to no return on investment for their aggressive programming purchases and little possibility of profitability,[74] WCLQ-TV was sold outright to Silver King Broadcasting to carry HSN programming as WQHS,[75] [76] with that station's outgoing ownership ultimately sued into bankruptcy.[77] WOIO concurrently partnered with the Fox Broadcasting Company after Gaylord declined to affiliate any of their stations, including WUAB, with the nascent network.[78] Another coup for WOIO came with a long-term contract for Cavaliers games in 1988, replacing WUAB.[79]

Cannell ownership and lease to Malrite

1990 began with two of WUAB's local stalwarts ending their shows within weeks of each other. Superhost's final episode aired on January 20, 1990, following a period of declining ratings,[80] with Marty Sullivan continuing as a booth announcer.[81] On January 30, Linn Sheldon announced his retirement after a 41-year career in television,[82] with "Barnaby" concluding its run on March 30;[83] Sheldon's departure was seen as the end to one of the last remaining links to the "Golden Era" for locally produced children's television.[84] The week before Sheldon's final "Barnaby" show, Gaylord announced the sale of WUAB to Cannell Communications, headed by television producer Stephen J. Cannell and former WUAB general manager William Schwartz, for $60 million (equivalent to $ in).[85] [86] While Cannell became famous for creating multiple television series during the 1980s, his purchase of WUAB occurred during a downturn for his production company, with only two programs in active production.[87] The changes at WUAB were not limited to the station itself: the FCC's passage of syndication exclusivity regulations began affecting the station's cable footprint, with Columbus cable systems acknowledging WUAB was a "trouble spot" for likely blackouts.[88] Despite the departures of Sheldon and "Superhost" and the sale of the station, WUAB continued aggressively competing against WOIO, with newly appointed general manager Brooke Spectorsky calling WUAB "a sleeping giant... that has been throttled back by previous owners". In 1988, the station launched Kidsland for the station's children's programming, hiring Liz Hermann as a continuity host in February 1990.[89] WUAB began carrying The Disney Afternoon program block in the fall of 1990 as Kidsland centerpiece.[90] Kidsland was established at the same time that WOIO set up a similar kids' club, but WOIO ultimately folded their club into Fox Kids and declined to hire an in-studio host. The station also picked up local rights to the Prime Time Entertainment Network in 1993[91] and the Action Pack syndication block in 1994.[92] As a nod to Cannell's ownership, WUAB acquired reruns to 21 Jump Street in 1990, displacing Hee Haw, which WUAB carried throughout the entirety of Gaylord ownership. WUAB lead news anchor Romona Robinson also made a cameo appearance as a news reporter on The Commish, a series Cannell co-created and produced.[93]

On May 23, 1994, WJW-TV owner New World Communications signed a group-wide affiliation deal with Fox, initiating a wide-ranging realignment of U.S. television network affiliations.[94] After initially courting WEWS-TV owner Scripps-Howard,[95] CBS signed up WOIO as their replacement affiliate in Cleveland despite WOIO not having a news department.[96] [97] Two months before the New World-Fox pact was announced, Malrite and Cannell began talks over a local marketing agreement (LMA) between WOIO and WUAB, with Malrite assuming operational control of WUAB; the U.S. Department of Justice announced the planned LMA prior to CBS executives meeting with WUAB.[98] The LMA took effect on August 18, 1994, before WOIO's affiliation switch to CBS.[99] Malrite announced plans for new studios at Reserve Square in Downtown Cleveland and newscasts for WOIO to be produced by WUAB.[100] Much of WOIO's syndicated programming and Cavaliers broadcasts were also transferred to WUAB.[101]

The changes also resulted in the permanent cancellation of the Prize Movie,[102] which WUAB revived earlier in 1994 after cancelling it in September 1993 to accommodate several new talk shows on the schedule.[103] Outside of a period from 1984 to 1985 when Dave "Fig" Newton hosted,[104] John Lanigan had been the program's host for 18 years.[105]

Affiliations with UPN and The WB

WUAB committed to become a charter affiliate of the United Paramount Network (UPN)—a joint venture between Chris-Craft's United Television division and Paramount Pictures—in November 1993,[106] over a year before the network launched on January 16, 1995.[107] Several days earlier, on January 6, 1995, WUAB signed up as a charter affiliate of The WB, a venture between Time Warner and Tribune Broadcasting. WUAB made the addition due to both networks launching with limited schedules: UPN on Monday and Tuesday nights and Saturday afternoons and The WB on Wednesday evenings.[108] Both networks committed to expanding their schedules for the 1995–96 television season to include an additional night along with children's program blocks (UPN Kids and Kids' WB), while UPN took priority on WUAB with WB shows airing at other times.[109]

The 1995 Cleveland Indians season, one of the most successful in team history, saw WUAB's viewership jump to a 27 audience share for their game coverage, a substantial increase from the station's 7 share during the 1992 season.[110] WUAB signed a new multi-year contract afterwards which included up to 70 Indians telecasts in 1996,[111] further resulting in shows from both networks airing out of pattern.[112] [113] After The WB announced a third night of prime time on Sundays beginning in the fall of 1996, WUAB management suggested WB could become "a weekend network".[114] Increasingly unable to accommodate programming from both networks and Indians and Cavaliers telecasts, WUAB dropped The WB, with WBNX-TV taking the affiliation on September 1, 1997.[115] Montgomery, Alabama-based Raycom Media purchased Malrite Communications on April 6, 1998, for an undisclosed price; the LMA with WUAB was included in the deal.[116] The sale was finalized six months later on September 17.[117] Under Raycom ownership, WUAB and WOIO began identifying as "Hometeam 19" and "Hometeam 43" for both newscasts and entertainment programming.[118] On March 11, 2000, after the FCC relaxed rules allowing common ownership of two commercially licensed television stations in the same market, Raycom acquired WUAB outright.[119] Raycom struggled to turn a profit with WOIO and WUAB and admitted to overpaying for them during collective bargaining agreement negotiations for unionized behind-the-scenes personnel in 2000, exacerbated by WOIO's newscasts failing to find viewership amid continuous on-air and management turnover.[120]

The biggest change for WUAB came on October 18, 2001, when the Cleveland Indians signed an exclusive cable-only deal with Fox Sports Ohio for the 2002 season, removing over-the-air telecasts entirely.[121] Bill Applegate, who became general manager for the two stations earlier in the year,[122] publicly hinted at such a deal weeks beforehand as a way for the Indians to increase revenue in a way WUAB could not provide.[123] In a bid to revamp the station's image without the Indians games, WUAB rebranded as "43 The Block" on March 4, 2002, with locally produced comedy skits in between the early-evening lineup.[124] After a casting call,[125] the station selected four "regular Joe" comics that included future How to Boil Water host Jack Hourigan.[126] Mike Polk, a member of the station's promotions department, began contributing to "The Block" segments with his Last Call Cleveland troupe.[127] [128]

MyNetworkTV affiliation

On January 24, 2006, UPN parent CBS Corporation (formed after a split of the original Viacom) and Time Warner's Warner Bros. Entertainment division announced the shutdown of UPN and The WB, with some programming moved to a newly created network, The CW.[129] [130] WBNX-TV signed up as one of The CW's first outside charter affiliates not owned by either CBS or Tribune Broadcasting.[131] To serve former affiliates of either network not selected for The CW—namely its own—News Corporation announced the creation of MyNetworkTV on February 22, 2006.[132] WUAB affiliated with MyNetworkTV on March 7, 2006, along with other Raycom stations in Honolulu and Baton Rouge.[133]

WUAB was renamed "CLE 43" on August 24, 2015, as part of a wide-ranging rebranding effort at both it and WOIO, which concurrently adopted the "Cleveland 19" name. The rebranding was done to abandon Raycom's prior "tabloid" reputation with 19 Action News in the Cleveland market.[134]

Sale to Gray Television and CW affiliation

Raycom agreed to merge their stations, including WOIO and WUAB, with Atlanta-based Gray Television on June 25, 2018, in a cash-and-stock merger transaction valued at $3.6 billion (equivalent to $ in). The sale was completed on January 2, 2019.[135] Shortly after the merger announcement, on July 11, 2018, WUAB signed a long-term affiliation contract with The CW, replacing WBNX-TV.[136] The new WUAB contract took effect on July 16 and occurred several months after a foreclosure process was initiated on WBNX-TV parent Winston Broadcasting Network from Ernest Angley's ministry,[137] putting the future of that station in doubt.[138] At the same time, the affiliation switch displaced MyNetworkTV, which was moved to overnights on WOIO's second digital subchannel.[139]

Under Gray ownership, WUAB has increased production of local programming. Beginning on September 9, 2019, the station began carrying same-day repeats of Cribbs in the CLE: Josh and Maria Live, a WOIO lifestyle talk show hosted by former Cleveland Brown Josh Cribbs and wife Maria Cribbs.[140] [141] WUAB added a locally produced B-movie showcase, The Big Bad B-Movie Show, on October 17, 2020.[142] Created as a stopgap in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Big Bad B-Movie also became the first locally produced entertainment program on the station in 30 years.[143] Explaining how the show was greenlit, general manager Erik Schrader told The New York Times, "We asked ourselves, do we show repeats or something creative?"[144] After The CW expanded to Saturday night programming, Big Bad B-Movie was moved to Saturday late nights where it aired until it was cancelled in late 2022.[145]

During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, WUAB partnered with the Cleveland Metropolitan School District (CMSD) to provide an hour of airtime on weekdays for in-school instructional programming, beginning on April 20, 2020.[146] [147] As part of the arrangement, WUAB also telecast all high school graduations in the district throughout June 2020, which were conducted virtually.[148] CMSD on CW43 ended at the start of the 2022–2023 school year, concurrent with the CMSD relaxing most COVID-19 health protocols and fully resuming normal operations.[149]

Programming

Sports programming

WUAB was the over-the-air home of the Cleveland Cavaliers from 1994 to 2018, previously carrying Cavaliers games from 1972 to 1975 and again from 1980 to 1988. From 2006 until 2019,[150] WUAB simulcast five Cavaliers regular season games per year with Fox Sports Ohio (now Bally Sports Ohio), along with select playoff games.[151] [152] After a six-year absence, the Cavaliers returned to WUAB in 2024, with five games airing exclusively on the station during the second half of the season.[153]

The station is perhaps best known as the over-the-air home for Cleveland Indians baseball from 1980 to 2001, with Bruce Drennan, Joe Tait,[154] Reggie Rucker,[155] Jack Corrigan,[156] Steve LaMar[157] and Mike Hegan[158] as play-by-play announcers throughout this period. WUAB telecast Len Barker's perfect game on May 15, 1981, to date the most recent perfect game in franchise history. From its launch into the 1980s, WUAB featured Ohio State Buckeyes football and basketball, along with Notre Dame Fighting Irish football. Channel 43 also has carried select hockey games from the first AHL Cleveland Barons, the Cleveland Crusaders, the NHL Cleveland Barons,[159] the Cleveland Lumberjacks[160] and Lake Erie Monsters.[161] Additionally, the station has telecast Cleveland Gladiators arena football[162] and Cleveland Force indoor soccer.[163] [164] Throughout the 2010s, it served as an affiliate for the Raycom Sports–operated ACC Network which returned to the station in 2023 via CW Sports.[165]

In 2018, WUAB carried Cleveland State Vikings men's basketball games.[166]

Newscasts

Prior to 1988, WUAB staff announcers presented brief news bulletins during program junctions; one of the announcers, Marty Sullivan, famously read bulletins in-between "Superhost" tapings by wearing a suitcoat on top of his Superhost costume.[167] [168] WUAB committed to establishing a news department in June 1987 with the hiring of Daniel Acklen as news director and intentions to launch a 10 p.m. newscast by January 1988,[169] the first attempt in the Cleveland market since WKBF-TV's attempt failed in 1970. While the rest of the staff were relative newcomers to Cleveland television—including Romona Robinson, Bob Hetherington and Frank Cariello[170] —Gib Shanley was hired as sports director,[171] fulfilling Acklen's hope of luring an established market personality to the station. Existing talent at WUAB, including Indians announcer Jack Corrigan and Prize Movie host John Lanigan, became contributors to the newscast.[172]

The debut broadcast of The Ten O'Clock News on January 4, 1988, was marred by technical problems, but WUAB's ratings for that evening doubled compared to the previous Monday.[173] By the fall of 1988, Akron Beacon Journal television critic Bob Dyer credited multiple on- and off-air improvements made to the newscast but noted Shanley's veteran presence and 15-minute long sportscasts nearly overshadowed everyone else.[174] WUAB launched a weekend version of The Ten O'Clock News by September 1989,[175] and by 1990, the station's $2 million investment (equivalent to $ in) into the news department was fully recouped. Hetherington was replaced as lead anchor by Jack Marschall in the summer of 1990, with ratings for the newscast repeatedly surpassing expectations.[176]

WUAB began producing two daily newscasts for WOIO on February 6, 1995,[177] at 6 p.m. and 11 p.m. along with their existing 10 p.m. newscast under the umbrella brand Cleveland Television News.[178] WOIO's newscasts originated within the joint newsroom in a style derived heavily from CITY-TV's CityPulse, while WUAB's newscasts came from a separate, more traditional set, both originating from Reserve Square in Downtown Cleveland. Marschall, Robinson, and Shanley were the only three on-air staffers to work exclusively for WUAB. Beginning in March 1996, WOIO and WUAB's newscasts were rebroadcast on an hour tape-delay over Akron station WAOH-LP (channel 29) and its Cleveland simulcast following the dissolution of WAKC-TV's news department.[179] Gib Shanley left the station at the end of 1996,[180] with Jeff Phelps as his replacement.[181] Robinson left in February 1997 to join WKYC, with Cynthia Tinsley taking over as 10 p.m. co-anchor.[182] Kimberly Godwin-Webb, who in 2021 became the first Black female president of ABC News,[183] served as news director for both stations from 1996 to 1998.[184] [185] During this period, WUAB's 10 p.m. newscast began trailing WJW's newscast in the ratings, with the spring 1998 sweeps period showing WJW beating WUAB by a 2–1 margin despite the popularity of Marschall and Tinsley; this was attributed partly to UPN prime time programming providing a weaker than expected lead-in audience, as well as WOIO's news department assuming top priority.[186] WUAB added an 11:30 a.m. newscast in October 1997, both as a complement to WOIO's established noon newscast and to help establish an autonomous identity for WUAB,[187] but this was cancelled in December 1998 due to low ratings.[188] By 1999, newscasts were branded Hometeam 19 News and Hometeam 43 News, based on WUAB's "Cleveland's Home Team" slogan, with Marschall assuming lead anchor duties at WOIO.[189] WUAB began simulcasting WOIO's noon news in 2002, with all "19" branding remaining intact.[190]

Newscasts on WOIO and WUAB have utilized the same branding since May 2002, when all newscasts were renamed Action News,[191] later amended to 19 Action News.[192] As part of an overall rebrand to Cleveland 19 News in 2015, WUAB's 10 p.m. newscast was moved to a 90-minute block at 9 p.m., in turn moving MyNetworkTV programming into late evenings.[193] After affiliating with The CW, the 9 p.m. newscast was moved back to a full hour at 10 p.m. and a 7 a.m. newscast, in place since 2011, was discontinued.[194] [195] Newscasts at 7:30 p.m. and 11 a.m. have since been added at WUAB along with a full reinstatement of the 7 a.m. newscast in June 2022.

Since 2019, all newscasts produced for WOIO and WUAB have used the 19 News branding.[196]

Notable on-air staff

Current staff

Former staff

Technical information

Subchannels

WOIO (and by extension, WUAB) has operated a digital fill-in translator in Akron on UHF channel 18 since August 12, 2011, serving that section of the Cleveland–Akron–Canton market.[201]

Analog-to-digital conversion

WUAB discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over UHF channel 43, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. The station's digital signal continued to broadcast on its pre-transition UHF channel 28.[202]

On February 17, 2017, it was revealed that the over-the-air spectrum of WUAB had been sold in the FCC's spectrum reallocation auction for an undisclosed amount; WUAB remained in operation, sharing broadcast spectrum with WOIO.[203] WUAB was the only station owned by Raycom to participate in the spectrum auction. The shared broadcast with WOIO took effect on January 8, 2018, at 2:01 a.m.[204]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: O'Brien . Erin . April 27, 2022 . Metroparks Trail Challenge: Center Park loop and rubies in the sky at the West Creek Reservation . October 22, 2022 . FreshWater Cleveland . en . October 22, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221022214508/https://www.freshwatercleveland.com/street-level/TrailChallenge3042722.aspx . live .
  2. News: June 19, 1953 . Cleveland's WERE Gets TV Permit . 38 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014210/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110153651/clevelands-were-gets-tv-permit/ . September 26, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  3. News: December 4, 1953 . WHK To Have TV Station . 36 . Akron Beacon Journal . Associated Press . Akron, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014210/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110153692/whk-to-have-tv-station/ . September 26, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  4. News: February 20, 1960 . FCC Acting To Cancel Permits To TV Stations . 25 . The Newark Advocate . Associated Press . Newark, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014212/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110183125/fcc-acting-to-cancel-permits-to-tv/ . September 26, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  5. Web site: Michael Rose Productions v. Loew's Incorporated, 141 F. Supp. 257 (S.D.N.Y. 1956) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170716191037/http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/141/257/1480614/ . July 16, 2017 . September 25, 2022 . Justia Law . en.
  6. December 30, 1963 . . UA TV application set for hearing . live . Broadcasting . 85 . 27 . 39 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211108151243/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1963/1963-12-30-BC.pdf . November 8, 2021 . September 25, 2022 . World Radio History.
  7. News: Reesing . Bert J. . May 8, 1963 . Bidder for Channel 65: Cleveland Telecasting Gets Up 'Steam' . 29 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014214/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//svjpntcnugomzpbngcfdvwfdgxojjczz_wma-gateway010_1664142740356 . September 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  8. News: September 23, 1963 . Draft Notice of Publication (Superior Broadcasting Corporation) . 21 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014256/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//pevokmeonamgdyfbjaxuamulosaklkqy_wma-gateway008_1663035763520 . September 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  9. News: Meyer . Philip . August 9, 1965 . FCC May Settle Akron CATV Tiff . B1 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . September 25, 2022 . Newspapers.com . September 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926014245/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110185135/fcc-may-settle-akron-catv-tiff/ . live .
  10. . September 28, 1964 . To change or not to change? Three commissioners hear oral argument on whether financial-qualification standards, applied to UHF's, should be amended . Broadcasting . 67 . 13 . 103 . September 25, 2022 . World Radio History . November 8, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211108151356/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1964/1964-09-28-BC.pdf . live .
  11. April 5, 1965 . . The UHF application go-round: Ultravision, Superior ask application of new order; UA agreement would leave it in Lorain, remove it in Boston . live . Broadcasting . 68 . 14 . 95–96 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211108151503/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1965/1965-04-05-BC.pdf . November 8, 2021 . September 25, 2022 . World Radio History.
  12. July 5, 1965 . . 3 months become a year for applicants: FCC sets new financial qualification policy and extends it to include AM, FM, VHF and UHF . live . Broadcasting . 69 . 1 . 30–31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220708125735/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1965/1965-07-05-BC.pdf . July 8, 2022 . September 25, 2022 . World Radio History.
  13. News: October 23, 1956. Editorial: Television Maneuvers. 4. The Lorain Journal. Lorain, Ohio. November 16, 2022. subscription. NewsBank. January 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230110040410/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AMNEWS&docref=image/v2%3A17C7A73A72EFB355%40EANX-NB-1882F830F4D9B1DA%402435770-188122080299F9B1%403&hlterms=WEOL&f=basic. live.
  14. Book: Federal Communications Commission 31st Annual Report For the Fiscal Year 1965: With summary and notation of subsequent important developments . United States Government Printing Office . 1965 . Washington, D.C. . 111–112 . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220308044806/https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DOC-308698A1.pdf . March 8, 2022 . live.
  15. March 7, 1966 . United Artists gets ch. 43 Lorain, Ohio . . live . Broadcasting . 70 . 10 . 61 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211108151533/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1966/1966-03-07-BC.pdf . November 8, 2021 . September 25, 2022 . World Radio History.
  16. News: January 20, 1968 . Channel 61 Is on Air Today . 12 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220923220626/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//tjegprzrusyfxvmfgqhiumrmwcdmgzox_wma-gateway008_1662872083680 . September 23, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  17. News: Shippy . Dick . September 13, 1968 . WUAB (43) Joins The TV Family . D3 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220927223333/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110317467/wuab-43-joins-the-tv-family/ . September 27, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  18. News: Shippy . Dick . December 14, 1967 . UHF Entry: Channel 61, Jan. 1 Air Date For Cleveland's WKBF . B23 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220914153258/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/109521724/uhf-entry-channel-61-jan-1-air-date/ . September 14, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  19. News: Burkhardt . Karl R. . April 13, 1969 . Channels 43 and 61: Local UHF Stations Fight for Viewers . 16-E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220927223336/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//vznqvlwqhmmttxjaatfcmwrnnomnkdsv_wma-gateway011_1664310895124 . September 27, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  20. News: Faris . Mark . June 11, 1978 . Super Host . 3, 27 . Akron Beacon Journal TV Preview . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185402/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110697453/super-host/ . live .
  21. News: June 5, 1968. Editorial: The Strange FCC and Lorain. 4. The Lorain Journal. Lorain, Ohio. November 16, 2022. subscription. NewsBank. January 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230110040410/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AMNEWS&docref=image/v2%3A17C7A73A72EFB355%40EANX-NB-18863C8A6B5B0E1D%402440013-1885C116855AD37D%403-1885C116855AD37D%40&hlterms=WUAB&f=basic. live.
  22. News: Burkhardt . Karl R. . January 19, 1969 . Channel 61: The Impact of the First Year . 6-G . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926042454/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//bsiikfrvvfxaddcyxvwmqcwiyqhkwwdd_wma-gateway018_1664160117717 . September 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  23. February 1968 . How the Independents Program: Kaiser's Us and WOR-TV are doing counter programming. It all started with Metromedia. . live . Broadcast Management/Engineering . 4 . 2 . 29–31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210925042232/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Broadcast-Engineering/BME/60s/BM-E-1968-02.pdf . September 25, 2021 . September 26, 2022 . World Radio History.
  24. News: Hart . Raymond P. . May 19, 1968 . Channel 61 Aims at Aug. 12 for Debut of 10 p.m. News . 7-G . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . September 25, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  25. News: Hickey . William . January 31, 1971 . WUAB-TV Now One of Nation's Top UHF Stations . 11-F . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220927223335/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//gkxubeblmndixbqdoqtuznpvkidphafh_wma-gateway020_1664311077677 . September 27, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  26. News: Hickey . William . April 20, 1975 . Channel 61's seven-year UHF effort hit only fool's gold... . 8-G . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220923220619/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//ekqobnnbqqwbznfjgkixgrsvgaqamxrn_wma-gateway008_1662872336037 . September 23, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  27. News: August 1, 1968 . Heavy On Sports At WAKR-TV . B12 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926042453/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110213975/heavy-on-sports-at-wakr-tv/ . September 26, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  28. News: Hart . Raymond P. . November 8, 1969 . Switches to Channel 43: Hey Kids, 'Barnaby' Is Returning Dec. 1 . 7-D . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926042453/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//wjzvyltrglppsguzmhpvrcfstyqmdtyj_wma-gateway014_1664161162996 . September 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  29. News: Baranick . Alana . October 17, 2008 . Jack Reynolds, hosted wrestling show with Jesse Ventura . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 23, 2008 . October 24, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181024050658/https://www.cleveland.com/obituaries/index.ssf/2008/10/jack_reynolds_hosted_wrestling.html . live .
  30. News: Murphey . Fran . September 10, 1995 . Awards runneth over . B2 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185402/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110702609/awards-runneth-over/ . live .
  31. News: Jaycox . Betty . May 10, 1972 . About Town: This Time I Was Two Places At Once . C1 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185402/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110702793/about-town-this-time-i-was-two-places/ . live .
  32. News: November 19, 1968 . TV, Radio Coverage Of Prep Finale . B4 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220928023926/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110329187/tv-radio-coverage-of-prep-finale/ . September 28, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  33. News: Shippy . Dick . March 11, 1969 . A $10,000 Principle . B2 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185403/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/66763315/a-10000-principle-fred-anthony-joins/ . live .
  34. News: February 7, 1984 . Lanigan leaving for Tampa . D6 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . August 17, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210817210559/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/83632519/lanigan-leaving-for-tampa/ . August 17, 2021 . Newspapers.com.
  35. Web site: Goodrich . Barry . December 18, 2017 . John Lanigan Isn't Shy About Sharing His Opinions . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210827041127/https://clevelandmagazine.com/in-the-cle/articles/john-lanigan-isn%27t-shy-about-sharing-his-opinions . August 27, 2021 . August 27, 2021 . . en.
  36. News: November 13, 1970 . Kaiser to Cut News Service; 60 to Lose Jobs . 17 . The Philadelphia Inquirer . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania . live . September 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926212344/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110244468/kaiser-to-cut-news-service-60-to-lose/ . September 26, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  37. . November 16, 1970 . Down to the bone in Kaiser's news: UHF group gives notice to 50 air journalists in sharp economy move . live . Broadcasting . 79 . 20 . 51 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211108151321/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1970/1970-11-16-BC.pdf . November 8, 2021 . September 26, 2022 . World Radio History.
  38. News: Ocker . Sheldon . Sheldon Ocker . October 23, 1975 . Blackout: Cavs have fans, but no TV contract . C1, C17 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006215049/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110833108/blackout-cavs-have-fans-but-no-tv/ . live .
  39. News: Hart . Raymond P. . Channel 61 to go off air . 1A, 6A . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220923220632/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//ayeztagsgmppleuwxkafcgsbxoktuazk_wma-gateway014_1662872204979 . September 23, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  40. April 14, 1975 . Kaiser to quit Cleveland, leaving UA with only U . live . Broadcasting . 88 . 15 . 52 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210926010710/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1975/1975-04-14-BC.pdf . September 26, 2021 . October 1, 2022 . World Radio History.
  41. News: Hart . Raymond P. . October 10, 1978 . Channel 61 plans a return . 7-B . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050324/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//qkdvcsbogqsnvxjebeframipsxoxymmb_wma-gateway016_1662873097908 . September 19, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  42. News: April 4, 1975 . Hint Link Of Chs. 61, 43 . D13 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 30, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002045258/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110438431/hint-link-of-chs-61-43/ . October 2, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  43. News: Hart . Raymond P. . Stars take mike to aid St. Jude's . 3B . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220923220620/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//jcsebasylgqcqvopacwmyympftrcyxgm_wma-gateway001_1662872299118 . September 23, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  44. News: Brown . Darlene . April 25, 1975 . WKBF-TV Signs Off Air . 43 . The Lorain Journal . Lorain, Ohio . subscription . September 23, 2022 . NewsBank . January 10, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230110040410/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AMNEWS&docref=image/v2%3A17C7A73A72EFB355%40EANX-NB-1883EEEBB42072C9%402442528-1883ED614ADCAF44%4043-1883ED614ADCAF44%40&hlterms=&f=basic . live .
  45. News: May 16, 1975 . Kaiser Takes WUAB Stock . B27 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 30, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002045257/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110438678/kaiser-takes-wuab-stock/ . October 2, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  46. News: April 25, 1975 . WKBF Ceases Broadcasts, WUAB Substitutes Locally . 1B . The Times Recorder . Zanesville, Ohio . live . September 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220914071639/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/109488198/wkbf-ceases-broadcasts-wuab/ . September 14, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  47. News: June 3, 1975 . Cable TV gets okay to add 43 . B1 . The Daily Reporter . Dover, Ohio . live . September 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220914153305/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/109521991/cable-tv-gets-okay-to-add-43/ . September 14, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  48. News: Burkhardt . Karl R. . July 23, 1969 . Channel 19 Is Having Problems Getting on Air . 19A . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . October 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027023444/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//emvjrqnjkitouirtvqvooprupsjclbbj_wma-gateway008_1664310973134 . live .
  49. News: Hart . Raymond P. . August 24, 1972 . Sale of Permit Brings Hope of Channel 19 on Air in '73 . 11D . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . November 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221128050248/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//wdybgdcprgoopsqbokxiyzwkkmsgjhoc_wma-gateway016_1666819332170 . live .
  50. News: Hart . Raymond P. . January 18, 1973 . Channel 43 Petitions FCC: TV Bid of Mileti's Kin Protested . 6E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . October 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027102110/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//stirsyccquktavezhyzraxnhvlkezaar_wma-gateway007_1666819607958 . live .
  51. News: Hart . Raymond P. . October 27, 1973 . Dialing Around . 15A . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . October 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027020439/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//nthholupdqevjektovoreemrhdlezyup_wma-gateway011_1666819688333 . live .
  52. News: Hart . Raymond P. . May 16, 1976 . Fifth TV Station Could Be Successful . March 10, 2015 . Cleveland, Ohio . FIVE-7 . The Plain Dealer . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004222831/https://www.avsforum.com/d1/photopost/data/2223201/5/56/56f5674d_CleveTV51676.jpeg . live .
  53. News: Hart . Raymond P. . January 8, 1975 . WUAB to ask for Channel 19 . 4D–5D . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . October 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027113633/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//vptioybehugxozdckkkmnympaoiipuop_wma-gateway010_1666819734334 . live .
  54. News: March 6, 1975 . Zingale again interested in Channel 19 . 2E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . October 26, 2022 . GenealogyBank . October 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027105122/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//bwotcrdznleeubwxecjxsuloacnteyla_wma-gateway003_1666819850988 . live .
  55. News: September 17, 1976 . WUAB-TV sold to Tampa chain . F1 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185403/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110706031/wuab-tv-sold-to-tampa-chain/ . live .
  56. News: January 31, 1977 . Station sales rise with curve of air billings . . 23 . Broadcasting . live . September 26, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210308042607/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1977/BC-1977-01-31.pdf . March 8, 2021.
  57. News: October 21, 1979 . Tribe, WUAB sign TV pact . D4 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004202945/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110712650/tribe-wuab-sign-tv-pact/ . live .
  58. News: October 17, 1980 . Drennan gets new contract . B3 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004202945/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110712127/drennan-gets-new-contract/ . live .
  59. News: May 14, 1981 . Indian items . 28 . News-Journal . Mansfield, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004202945/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110712337/indian-items/ . live .
  60. Web site: Muder . Craig . #CardCorner: 1981 Topps Len Barker . October 4, 2022 . Baseball Hall of Fame . en . November 29, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211129184101/https://baseballhall.org/discover/card-corner/topps-1981-len-barker . live .
  61. News: Ocker . Sheldon . Sheldon Ocker . September 3, 1980 . Cavs play-by-play applicants trickling in . F2 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004202956/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110712913/cavs-play-by-play-applicants-trickling/ . live .
  62. News: Ocker . Sheldon . Sheldon Ocker . March 18, 1980 . Channel 8 likely to drop Cavs' telecasts next year . D2 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004202958/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110713201/channel-8-likely-to-drop-cavs/ . live .
  63. News: Markey . Sanford . March 4, 1981 . Cleve Indie TVer Bows With 'Deer Hunter' In STV Lease . . . ProQuest.
  64. News: Ewinger . James . February 27, 1981 . WCLQ Channel 61 debuts Tuesday . TV Week 2 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050325/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//goawreqehvddtemiwcfbdlvpccilwvnc_wma-gateway011_1662873337083 . September 19, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  65. News: May 12, 1983 . Preview bows out as viewers decline . 9F . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916032123/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//sbsqxvwuchmnhstaypfmstgcshfzlkfs_wma-gateway005_1662873590996 . September 16, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  66. News: Bianculli . David . May 12, 1983 . Cleveland's Preview to die Aug. 31; Ch. 61 to expand . D9 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 16, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050324/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30948067/clevelands-preview-to-die-aug-31-ch/ . September 19, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  67. News: Frolik . Joe . May 5, 1984 . TV time finally drawing closer for delayed WOIO . 5C . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916033731/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//syitfbzheyfesbumgpyoqxmfearmmudc_wma-gateway004_1662873912310 . September 16, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  68. News: Dawidziak . Mark . February 22, 1987 . TV's 'indy boom' sputters with a short circuit . C1, C2 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . September 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916005043/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/109484482/tvs-indy-boom-sputters-with-a-short/ . September 16, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  69. News: Dawidziak . Mark . August 22, 1985 . New chief old hand at what makes WUAB-Ch. 43 tick . D10 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 4, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004203500/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110713486/new-chief-old-hand-at-what-makes/ . live .
  70. News: July 10, 1985 . Angley's TV station will join the crowd . 11D . The Plain Dealer . Associated Press . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916022111/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//wagosribwrdtuyjvntbysiuzoywdimbe_wma-gateway018_1662875136098 . September 16, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  71. Datzman . Cynthia . September 1, 1986 . WCLQ's Loss May Spell Gain for Its Independent Competitors . Crain's Cleveland Business . Cleveland, Ohio . 7 . 35 . 3 . . ProQuest.
  72. News: Feran . Tom . December 23, 1990 . Channel 43 set to mount a charge . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 5, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006020655/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/173D9D4C68474B68&f=basic . live .
  73. News: Chatman . Angela D. . July 22, 1986 . WCLQ owners ask FCC to deny Malrite bid . 6C . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916042121/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//jdusdgbaanqepcxdbmelecztxgkypuee_wma-gateway011_1662874407412 . September 16, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  74. News: Riccardi . Maria . January 23, 1986 . Future dim, Channel 61 sale looms . 11D . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220916010555/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//xohhlwuvevgergqpvvcdvskqyjibvhhj_wma-gateway012_1662874309492 . September 16, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  75. News: Frolik . Joe . August 21, 1986 . Channel 61 sold to at-home shopping network . 1A, 14A . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050327/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//xgyugbzsfijndptuxzcrkafjytuundzm_wma-gateway014_1662874460894 . September 19, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  76. News: Snook . Debbi . December 25, 1986 . Streisand's HBO special is cozy but a spellbinder . 7F . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050328/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//cmxhvwbsofcserccozkmhkrejcqxksaq_wma-gateway016_1662873998785 . September 19, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
  77. News: Chatman . Angela D. . October 25, 1986 . Creditors force TV 61 bankruptcy . 6B . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220919050328/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings//ihfwhzmktdjzluumnukjoadspxdjvmno_wma-gateway008_1662874654347 . September 19, 2022 . GenealogyBank.
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  102. News: Feran . Tom . August 22, 1994 . Channel 19 wooing Dufala for newscasts . 3E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 5, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006020657/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F807D7994893764&f=basic . live .
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  111. News: October 26, 1995 . The Scene: The Longer Run . 16A . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172031/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F8086A77145A5FF&f=basic . live .
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  154. News: Pluto . Terry . Terry Pluto . December 16, 1987 . Tait to tackle Cavs' radio . B5 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 7, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221007013241/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110846050/tait-to-tackle-cavs-radio/ . live .
  155. News: Shippy . Dick . March 11, 1983 . So, who says Channel 43 plays favorites? . C5 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221007013242/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110840869/so-who-says-channel-43-plays-favorites/ . live .
  156. News: April 8, 1985 . LaMar should be at home describing Indians games . 13 . Akron Beacon Journal Baseball '85 . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221007041337/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110841158/lamar-should-be-at-home-describing/ . live .
  157. News: February 28, 1989 . Indians hire Hegan for television post . D1 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  158. News: Lebovitz . Hal . Hal Lebovitz . April 2, 1989 . Minor leagues make list of future Indians . 3C . News-Journal . Mansfield, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221007041337/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110841756/minor-leagues-make-list-of-future/ . live .
  159. News: September 23, 1976 . Barons select telecast team . E3 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 13, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155445/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111231876/barons-select-telecast-team/ . live .
  160. News: Dolgan . Bob . October 6, 1992 . Lumberjacks' Ganchar credits goals to work . 2C . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 13, 2022 . NewsBank . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155448/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F803D6EF315FE2F&f=basic . live .
  161. News: Manoloff . Dennis . September 28, 2011 . From off-season to on a mission: Monsters have unfinished business . D2 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 13, 2022 . NewsBank . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155448/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/13A11A60C4971C20&f=basic . live .
  162. News: Warsinskey . Tim . April 9, 2015 . Cleveland Gladiators vs. Arizona Rattlers: Home opener Saturday is ArenaBowl rematch (photos) . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 13, 2022 . NewsBank . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155448/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/1549DCBB1CBD6818&f=basic . live .
  163. News: Pantages . Larry . January 20, 1980 . Added help sparks Force's victory . D4 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 13, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155446/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111234578/added-help-sparks-forces-victory/ . live .
  164. News: Shippy . Dick . March 31, 1983 . Force gets chance to prove a lot in Season No. 3 . B3 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 13, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221013155446/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111234732/force-gets-chance-to-prove-a-lot-in/ . live .
  165. Web site: Vannini . Chris . September 8, 2023 . How will college football broadcasts on The CW work? Q&A with network president Dennis Miller . October 3, 2023 . The Athletic . en.
  166. News: December 12, 2018 . 6 Cleveland State games to air on CW 43 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190402134156/http://www.csuvikings.com/sports/m-baskbl/2018-19/releases/20181212gy6zzu . April 2, 2019 . October 2, 2022 . Cleveland State University.
  167. Web site: Ignizio . Bob . September 9, 2018 . Gimme' That Shoe! - An interview with Marty "Superhost" Sullivan . October 6, 2022 . UtterTrash.net . en . January 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220128032020/http://www.uttertrash.net/2018/09/gimme-that-shoe-interview-with-marty.html . live .
  168. Web site: Hanson . Debbie . Marty Sullivan Superhost Cleveland Seniors Profile and Supe Bits . October 6, 2022 . ClevelandSeniors.com . May 12, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210512114111/http://www.clevelandseniors.com/people/msullivan.htm . live .
  169. News: Dawidziak . Mark . June 4, 1987 . Channel 43 wants news viewers who aren't around at 11 . B10 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  170. News: Dyer . Bob . January 6, 1988 . 'Ten O'Clock News' suffers opening-night jitters . D6 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006215050/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110827135/ten-oclock-news-suffers/ . live .
  171. News: Dawidziak . Mark . October 1, 1987 . Gib Shanley to become voice of sports on Ch. 43 . B8 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006215050/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110826849/gib-shanley-to-become-voice-of-sports/ . live .
  172. News: Dawidziak . Mark . January 3, 1988 . Better to be good than Miss Missouri . 3, 32 . Akron Beacon Journal Channels . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006215051/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110827556/better-to-be-good-than-miss-missouri/ . live .
  173. News: January 7, 1988 . News helps WUAB to double ratings at 10 p.m. Monday . B4 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com.
  174. News: Dyer . Bob . September 18, 1988 . On at 10, not quite a 10 . C1, C6 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 6, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006215102/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110826933/on-at-10-not-quite-a-10/ . live .
  175. News: Feran . Tom . September 10, 1989 . Two local TV stations figure to enjoy their independence more . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank.
  176. News: Feran . Tom . December 18, 1991 . Amicable parting for Channel 43 and Hetherington . 13E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank.
  177. News: Feran . Tom . February 5, 1995 . '19 News' debuts: Station promises 'most exciting' broadcast in city . 1J . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F341526129202DD&f=basic . live .
  178. News: Feran . Tom . February 22, 1995 . Marschall gets new pact at 19, 43 . 6E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80841AD50D6833&f=basic . live .
  179. News: Heldenfels . R.D. . March 2, 1996 . Channel 29 tries to fill Akron's local news slot after WAKC-TV drops news, WAOH makes deal to rebroadcast programs from Cleveland stations . C1 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . live . subscription . February 3, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220204011638/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0EE7D610E20EE574&f=basic . February 4, 2022 . NewsBank.
  180. News: Campbell . David . April 7, 2008 . Sportscaster Gib Shanley dies at 76 . October 6, 2022 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . en . November 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201109012312/https://www.cleveland.com/sports/2008/04/sportscaster_gib_shanley_dies.html . live .
  181. News: Brown . Roger . December 20, 1996 . Channel 43 sports anchor Gib Shanley leaving station . 11B . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F808DA11C3CAE65&f=basic . live .
  182. News: May 15, 1997 . WUAB co-anchor to start Monday . 7B . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80C5DCB992E056&f=basic . live .
  183. Web site: April 14, 2021 . Kimberly Godwin makes network history as next president of ABC News . October 21, 2022 . ABC News . en . October 21, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221021045255/https://abcnews.go.com/Business/kimberly-godwin-makes-network-history-president-abc-news/story?id=77075637 . live .
  184. News: Feran . Tom . April 18, 1996 . WOIO hopes changes foster a new identity . 7E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 20, 2022 . NewsBank . January 10, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230110034120/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news%2F0F808CB00B18ABD9&f=basic . live .
  185. News: Brown . Roger . September 23, 1998 . Investigative team at TV-5 disbanded . 2E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 20, 2022 . NewsBank . January 10, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230110035121/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news%2F0F80D08E2C8C65D4&f=basic . live .
  186. News: Brown . Roger . March 25, 1998 . WUAB doing little to help its nightly news . 2G . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172035/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80CFB41DE1F271&f=basic . live .
  187. News: Feran . Tom . October 16, 1997 . Deja vu: More news, more Feagler . 7E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172034/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80CCE7A8B9389E&f=basic . live .
  188. News: Brown . Roger . December 22, 1998 . Poor ratings sink Channel 43 midday newscast . 4E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172035/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80D0F0C6CF966B&f=basic . live .
  189. News: Feran . Tom . October 5, 1999 . Jack Marschall to anchor WOIO and WUAB news . 3E . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80D7E79E70BB49&f=basic . live .
  190. News: Heldenfels . R.D. . March 17, 2002 . The news about noon news: It's no big deal . C1, C4 . Akron Beacon Journal . Akron, Ohio . October 24, 2022 . Newspapers.com . October 24, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221024014636/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111887101/the-news-about-noon-news-its-no-big/ . live .
  191. News: O'Connor . Clint . April 27, 2002 . Channel 19 springs into Action . E9 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 5, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006021200/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F33C21024DA2FCA&f=basic . live .
  192. News: Washington . Julie . December 5, 2003 . TV-3 rivals TV-8 in latest ratings . E7 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 5, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006021159/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0FF459437285916C&f=basic . live .
  193. News: Dawidziak . Mark . September 16, 2015 . Channel 43 adding a 9 p.m. newscast . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . October 2, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185914/https://www.cleveland.com/tv-blog/2015/09/channel_43_adding_a_9_pm_newscast.html#incart_river . October 4, 2022.
  194. Web site: Jacobson . Adam . July 11, 2018 . The CW Aligns With Raycom In Cleveland . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185911/https://www.rbr.com/the-cw-aligns-with-raycom-in-cleveland/ . October 4, 2022 . July 12, 2018 . Radio-Television Business Report . Streamline-RBR, Inc..
  195. News: Dawidziak . Mark . September 4, 2011 . In a post-'Oprah' world, what's on daytime TV? . E9 . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 6, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172038/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/13992F10459C0130&f=basic . live .
  196. News: Dawidziak . Mark . April 20, 2019 . Searching for brand identity at local TV stations . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . subscription . October 5, 2022 . NewsBank . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006021159/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/172ECC242EA53538&f=basic . live .
  197. Web site: Crowder . Rhonda . Andrews . R. T. . December 24, 2021 . Harry Boomer celebrates 50 years in broadcasting . October 6, 2022 . The Real Deal Press . Cleveland, Ohio . en-gb . December 26, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211226205115/https://therealdealpress.com/2.0/index.php/community/979-harry-boomer-celebrates-50-years-in-broadcasting . live .
  198. News: Feran. Tom. December 2, 1997. WOIO to replace Carlson with a new anchorman. 5B. The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. October 6, 2022. subscription. NewsBank. October 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/0F80CE239CCA9BB1&f=basic. live.
  199. Web site: October 22, 2008 . The Best and Worst of Cleveland Sports MediaTV; The L-Train Takin' Off . October 6, 2022 . Bleacher Report . en . March 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090317021549/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/71978-the-best-and-worst-of-cleveland-sports-mediatv-the-l-train-takin-off . live .
  200. News: November 16, 2018. Carl Monday exiting Channel 19 news. A14. The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. October 6, 2022. subscription. NewsBank. October 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221006172033/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&docref=news/16FBA5AB05A03F20&f=basic. live.
  201. Web site: FCC Internet Services Staff . Application for authority to construct or make changes in a low power TV, TV translator or TV booster station: BDRTCDT - 20100119AED . November 8, 2012 . licensing.fcc.gov . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165842/http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/prefill_and_display.pl?Application_id=1353939&Service=LD&Form_id=346&Facility_id=39746 . live .
  202. Web site: DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130829004251/http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf . August 29, 2013 . March 24, 2012.
  203. News: Dawidziak . Mark . February 16, 2017 . Channel 43 will remain on the air; only its transmitter was sold . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland, Ohio . live . September 7, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211021190259/https://www.cleveland.com/tv-blog/2017/02/channel_43_will_remain_on_the_air_only_its_transmitter_was_sold.html . October 21, 2021.
  204. News: Attention WUAB CLE 43/Bounce TV Viewers . December 9, 2017 . December 9, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171209100225/http://www.cleveland19.com/story/35180056/cleveland-19-news-for-roku . live .

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