| Vyner Brooke | |
| Succession: | Rajah of Sarawak |
| Reign: | 24 May 1917 – 1 July 1946 (3rd Rajah) |
| Predecessor: | Charles Brooke |
| Successor: | Monarchy abolished Charles Arden-Clarke Governor of Sarawak |
| Birth Date: | 1874 9, df=yes |
| Death Place: | Westminster, London, England |
| Spouse: | Sylvia Brett |
| Issue: | Leonora Margaret Brooke Elizabeth Brooke Nancy Valerie Brooke |
| Full Name: | Charles Vyner de Windt Brooke |
| Father: | Charles Brooke |
| Mother: | Margaret Brooke |
| Royal House: | White Rajahs |
| Place Of Burial: | St Leonard's Church, Sheepstor on Dartmoor |
Sir Vyner Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, GCMG, full name Charles Vyner de Windt Brooke (26 September 1874 – 9 May 1963) was the third and last White Rajah of the Raj of Sarawak.
Charles Vyner Brooke was the son of Charles Brooke and Margaret de Windt (Ranee Margaret of Sarawak). He was born in London and spent his youth there, being educated at Clevedon, Winchester College, and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He then entered the Sarawak public service.
Vyner served as aide-de-camp to his father (1897–1898), a district officer of Simanggang (1898–1901), Resident of Mukah and Oya, (1902–1903), Resident of the Third Division (1903–1904), President of the Law Courts (1904–1911) and vice-president of the Supreme and General Councils (1904–1911).
In his military career, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the 3rd County of London Yeomanry (Sharpshooters) on 12 May 1911, but resigned from the (County of London) Battalion (Artist's Rifles) on 21 May 1913. During the First World War he served incognito as a rating in a naval anti-aircraft defence unit, and as a fitter in an aeroplane manufacturing works at Shoreditch, East London.
He was granted the personal style of His Highness by command of King George V, 22 June 1911. On 21 February 1911 whilst in the United Kingdom he married Sylvia Brett, daughter of Lord Esher. They returned to Sarawak.
Vyner succeeded his father as White Rajah on 17 May 1917 following his death and was proclaimed Rajah on 24 May 1917 at Kuching. He took the oath before the Council Negri on 22 July 1918. Vyner's early years as Rajah (a role he performed in tandem with his younger brother, Bertram, in accord with their father's wish) saw a boom in Sarawak's rubber and oil industries and the subsequent rise in the Sarawak economy allowed him to modernise the country's institutions, including the public service, and introduce a penal code based on that of British India in 1924.
He was granted a knighthood in 1927.[1]
Vyner ran a hands-off and relatively popular administration that banned Christian missionaries and fostered indigenous traditions (to an extent: headhunting was outlawed).
Japanese forces landed at Miri, Sarawak on 16 December 1941, beginning an invasion of Borneo.[2] In that same year, Vyner withdrew £200,000 from the Treasury for his personal expenses, in exchange for limiting his powers by a new constitution.[3] Vyner and his family were visiting Sydney, where he would remain for the duration of the war.
Vyner returned to Sarawak on 15 April 1946 and temporarily resumed power as Rajah, until 1 July 1946 when he ceded Sarawak to the British government as a Crown colony, thus ending White Rajah rule in Sarawak. Vyner died in London at No. 13, Albion Street, Bayswater, W2 on 9 May 1963, four months before Sarawak, Malaya, North Borneo and Singapore joined to form the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963.
His nephew, Anthony Brooke, served in various departments in the civil service including the Land and Registry Office, and as a magistrate. Since 1937 he had also been Rajah Muda (crown prince) of Sarawak, because Vyner had three daughters but no son. Anthony opposed cession to Britain, as did a majority of the native members of the Council Negri (Parliament), and they campaigned against it for five years.
The anti-cession movement came to a head in 1948 when the second British governor to Sarawak, Duncan Stewart, was assassinated by a young nationalist named Rosli Dhobi in Sibu. Suspicion fell on Anthony for orchestrating the killing but declassified documents from the British National Archive later showed that he had no connection to the plot.[4]
Vyner, his father, his brother Bertram, the Tuan Muda, and Rajah James, are buried in St Leonard's Church in the village of Sheepstor on Dartmoor.
He had three daughters, whose names could be preceded by the Malay honorific of Dayang (Lady):
The ship SS Vyner Brooke was named after him.
A species of lizard endemic to Sarawak, Dasia vyneri, is named in his honor.[5]