Cymbiola imperialis explained

Cymbiola imperialis, the imperial volute, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk of the genus Cymbiola in the family Volutidae, the volutes.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Subspecies

• C. imperialis robinsona Burch, 1954 (Robinson's volute, southern Philippines)^[4]

Description

Shells of Cymbiola imperialis can reach a size of 70-.^[5] These large and glossy shells are elongate and fusiform, light to heavy in weight. The basic color is whitish. The spire is high, with canaliculate sutures, strong red-brown axial ribs and narrow red-brown spiral lines. The aperture is whitish, elongate-ovate, with the outer lip showing many black denticles. The operculum is dark brown, thick and small.^[6]

Distribution

This species can be found in the Philippines, Sulu Sea.^{[2] [5] [7]}

Bibliography

• A. P. H. Oliver, James Nicholls The Hamlyn Guide to Shells of the World paperback
• A. Robin Encyclopedia of Marine Gastropods
• Alan Hinton Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific
• Bail P. & Poppe G.T. 2001. A conchological iconography: a taxonomic introduction of the recent Volutidae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim. 30 pp, 5 pl.
• Doute, Harald Volutes, the Doute collection
• Graham Saunders Spotter's Guide to Shells: An Introduction to Seashells of the World 1st American edition
• Jerome M. Eisenberg A Collector's Guide to Seashells of the World
• Kenneth R. Wye Encyclopedia of Shells
• Masuoki Horikoshi Sea Shells of the World Japanese edition (Japanese) paperback – 1989
• R.Tucker Abbott & S. Peter Dance Compendium of Seashells 2nd printing 1983 revision
• Springsteen, F and F. M. Leobrera Shells of the Philippines

External links

• Conchology
• The Sea Shells

Notes and References

1. Web site: BioLib: Biological library. Ondrej. Zicha. biolib.cz.
2. Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Cymbiola imperialis (Lightfoot, 1786). marinespecies.org.
3. Web site: Imperial Volute - Cymbiola imperialis - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life. Encyclopedia of Life.
4. Web site: Cymbiola imperialis robinsona (var.). Eddie. Hardy. gastropods.com.
5. Web site: Cymbiola imperialis. Eddie. Hardy. gastropods.com.
6. Web site: Cymbiola imperialis. Phan Van. Minh. vinaseashells.com. 1 September 2015. 1 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151001024947/http://www.vinaseashells.com/cymbiola-imperialis.html. dead.
7. Claudio Galli WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base