| Ipa Symbol: | ʈ |
| Ipa Number: | 105 |
| Decimal1: | 648 |
| X-Sampa: | t` |
| Kirshenbaum: | t. |
| Braille: | 256 |
| Braille2: | 2345 |
| Imagefile: | Voiceless retroflex stop (vector).svg |
The voiceless retroflex plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. This consonant is found as a phoneme mostly (though not exclusively) in two areas: South Asia and Australia.
The symbol that represents this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is (IPA|ʈ ). Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of "t" (the letter used for the equivalent alveolar consonant). In many fonts lowercase "t" already has a rightward-pointing hook, but (IPA|ʈ) is distinguished from (IPA|t) by extending the hook below the baseline.
Features of the voiceless retroflex stop:
| Language | Word | Translation | Notes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bengali: [[Bengali alphabet|'''টা'''কা]] | pronounced as /[ʈaka]/ | 'taka' | Apical postalveolar; contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Bengali phonology | |||||
| pronounced as /[asiʈ]/ | 'one' | |||||||
| Indian dialects | English: [[English orthography|'''t'''ime]]|italic=yes | pronounced as /[ʈaɪm]/ | 'time' | Corresponds to alveolar pronounced as //t// in other dialects. See English phonology | ||||
| Gujarati | Gujarati: [[Gujarati alphabet|બ'''ટા'''કા]] | pronounced as /[bəʈaːka]/ | 'potato' | Subapical; contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Gujarati phonology | ||||
| Hindustani | Hindi | Hindi: [[Devanagari|'''टो'''पी]] | pronounced as /[ʈoːpiː]/ | 'hat' | Apical postalveolar | |||
| Urdu | Urdu: [[Urdu alphabet|{{nq|ٹوپی | |||||||
| pronounced as /[ʈàu]/ | 'immerse in liquid' | Contrasts with aspirated form (written (rh)). | ||||||
| yirrwa'''rt'''ba'''rt'''|italic=yes | pronounced as /[jiɺwɑʈbɑʈ]/ | 'taipan' | ||||||
| Javanese: ba'''th'''ang | pronounced as /[baʈaŋ]/ | 'cadaver' | ||||||
| Kannada: [[Kannada script|ತಟ್ಟು]] | pronounced as /[t̪ʌʈːu]/ | 'to tap' | Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms | |||||
| Lo-Toga[1] | '''d'''ege | pronounced as /[ʈəɣə]/ | 'we (incl.)' | Laminal retroflex. | ||||
| Malayalam: [[Malayalam script|കാ'''ട്ട്''']] | pronounced as /[kaːʈːɨ̆]/ | 'wild' | Contrasts /t̪ t ʈ d̪ ɖ/. | |||||
| Marathi: [[Devanāgarī|बटाटा]] | pronounced as /[bəʈaːʈaː]/ | 'potato' | Subapical; contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Marathi phonology | |||||
| TiTkuSte|italic=yes | pronounced as /[ʈiʈkuʃtɛ]/ | 'torn' | ||||||
| Nepali | pronounced as /[ʈoli]/ | 'team' | Apical postalveolar; contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Nepali phonology | |||||
| Norwegian: [[Norwegian alphabet|ko'''rt''']]|italic=yes | pronounced as /[kɔʈː]/ | 'card' | See Norwegian phonology | |||||
| Nunggubuyu | '''rd'''agowa | pronounced as /[ʈakowa]/ | 'prawn' | |||||
| Odia | Oriya: [[Odia script|'''ଟ'''ଗର]]/ | pronounced as /[ʈɔgɔrɔ]/ | 'crepe jasmine' | Apical postalveolar; contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. | ||||
| Pushto; Pashto: [[Pashto alphabet|ټول]] | pronounced as /[ʈol]/ | 'all' | ||||||
| Punjabi | Gurmukhi | Panjabi; Punjabi: [[Gurmukhi|'''ਟੋ'''ਪੀ]] | pronounced as /[ʈoːpi]/ | 'hat' | ||||
| Shahmukhi | Panjabi; Punjabi: [[Shahmukhi alphabet|'''ٹـ'''وپی]]|rtl=yes | |||||||
| Some Hebridean dialects[2] | Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic: à'''rd'''|italic=yes | pronounced as /[aːʈ]/ | 'high' | Corresponds to the sequence pronounced as //rˠt// in other dialects. See Scottish Gaelic phonology | ||||
| Swedish: la'''t'''ru|italic=yes | pronounced as /[ˈlaʈɽu]/ | 'thief' | ||||||
| Swedish: [[Swedish alphabet|ka'''rt'''a]]|italic=yes | pronounced as /[ˈkʰɑːʈa]/ | 'map' | See Swedish phonology | |||||
| Sylheti | ꠐꠥꠟ꠆ꠟꠤ | [ʈulli] | 'skull' | contains tonal pronunciation.[3] See Sylheti phonology | ||||
| Tamil: [[Tamil script|எட்டு]] | pronounced as /[eʈːɯ]/ | 'eight' | Subapical. See Tamil phonology | |||||
| Telugu: [[Telugu script|కొ'''ట్టు''']] | pronounced as /[koʈːu]/ | 'to hit or beat' | Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms | |||||
| Torwali[4] | [[Arabic alphabet|'''ٹـ'''ىىےل]] | pronounced as /[ʈiɡel]/ | 'words' | Contrasts aspirated and unaspirated forms. | ||||
| Southern dialects | Vietnamese: [[Vietnamese alphabet|bạn '''tr'''ả]]|italic=yes | pronounced as /[ɓa˧˨ʔɳˀ ʈa˧˩˧]/ | 'you pay' | May be somewhat affricated. See Vietnamese phonology | ||||
| pronounced as /[ʈaza]/ | 'dew' | |||||||
pronounced as /navigation/