| Regions of Belarus | |
| Category: | First-level subdivision of a unitary state |
| Territory: | Belarus |
| Start Date: | 1960 |
| Current Number: | 6 regions 1 Capital city |
| Population Range: | (Regions only): 981,174 (Mogilev) – 1,992,862 (Minsk) |
| Area Range: | (Provinces only): 9698.14order=flipNaNorder=flip (Grodno) – 15583.72order=flipNaNorder=flip (Gomel) |
| Government: | Province government |
| Subdivision: | Raion |
At the top level of administration, Belarus is divided into six regions and one capital city. The six regions are oblasts (also known as voblastsi), while the city of Minsk has a special status as the capital of Belarus.[1] Minsk also serves as the administrative center of Minsk Region.[2]
At the second level, the regions are divided into districts (raions).
The layout and extent of the regions were set in 1960 when Belarus (then the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic) was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union.[3]
At the start of the 20th century, the boundaries of the Belarusian lands within the Russian Empire were still being defined. In 1900 it was contained within all of the Minsk and Mogilev governorates, most of Grodno Governorate, parts of Vitebsk Governorate, and parts of Vilna Governorate.[3] World War I, the independence of Poland, as well as the 1920–1921 Polish–Soviet War affected the boundaries. In 1921, Belarus had what is now all of Minsk Governorate except for the western fringe, the western part of Gomel Region, a western slice of Mogilev, and a small part of Vitebsk Region. In 1926, the eastern part of Gomel region was added. [3]
In the Byelorussian SSR, new administrative units, called oblasts or voblastsi[4] (cognate of Russian word oblast with prothetic v-) were introduced in 1938. During World War II, Belarus gained territory to the west, with the Baranavichy, Belastok (Białystok), Brest, Pinsk, and Vileyka oblasts. In 1944, Belastok was eliminated and the new oblasts of Babruysk, Grodno, and Polotsk were created. At that same time, Vileika oblast was renamed Molodechno Oblast.[3]
At different times between 1938 and 1960, the following oblasts existed:
| Flag | Region | Capital | Russian | Belarusian | Population (2024)[5] | Area (km2) | Density | % of population | GDP [6] | Average monthly gross wage[7] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Минск | Мінск | 1,992,862 | 305.50 | 6,606.48 | 21.44% | US$ 22.6 billion | US$ 918 | ||||
| 2 | Брестская | Брэсцкая | 1,308,569 | 32,790.68 | 41.11 | 14.32% | US$ 8.4 billion | US$ 573 | ||||
| 3 | Гомельская | Гомельская | 1,338,617 | 40,361.66 | 34.40 | 14.75% | US$ 8.8 billion | US$ 592 | ||||
| 4 | Гродненская | Гродзенская | 992,556 | 25,118.07 | 40.88 | 10.91% | US$ 8.1 billion | US$ 582 | ||||
| 5 | Могилёвская | Магілёўская | 981,174 | 29,079.01 | 35.24 | 10.89% | US$ 5.7 billion | US$ 542 | ||||
| 6 | Минская | Мінская | 1,460,289 | 39,912.35 | 36.86 | 15.63% | US$ 14.1 billion | US$ 660 | ||||
| 7 | Витебская | Вiцебская | 1,081,911 | 40,049.99 | 28.36 | 12.06% | US$ 6.8 billion | US$ 544 | ||||
| Belarus | Minsk | Беларусь | 9,155,978 | 207,617.26 | 45.34 | 100.00% | US$ 74.5 billion | US$ 660 | ||||