Viv Richards Explained

Honorific Prefix:The Honourable Sir
Honorific Suffix:KNH KCN OBE OOC
Viv Richards
Country:West Indies
Fullname:Isaac Vivian Alexander Richards
Nickname:Master Blaster, Smokin Joe,[1] King Viv[2]
Birth Date:7 March 1952[3]
Birth Place:St. John's, British Leeward Islands
Heightft:6
Heightinch:0
Role:Batsman
Batting:Right-handed
International:true
Internationalspan:1974–1991
Testdebutdate:22 November
Testdebutyear:1974
Testdebutagainst:India
Testcap:151
Lasttestdate:8 August
Lasttestyear:1991
Lasttestagainst:England
Odidebutdate:7 June
Odidebutyear:1975
Odidebutagainst:Sri Lanka
Odicap:14
Lastodidate:27 May
Lastodiyear:1991
Lastodiagainst:England
Club5:Glamorgan
Year5:1990–1993
Club4:Queensland
Year4:1976/77
Club3:Somerset
Year3:1974–1986
Club2:Leeward Islands
Year2:1971–1991
Club1:Combined Islands
Year1:1971–1981
Columns:4
Column1:Test
Matches1:121
Runs1:8,540
Bat Avg1:50.24
100S/50S1:24/45
Top Score1:291
Deliveries1:5,170
Wickets1:32
Bowl Avg1:61.37
Fivefor1:0
Tenfor1:0
Best Bowling1:2/17
Catches/Stumpings1:122/–
Column2:ODI
Matches2:187
Runs2:6,721
Bat Avg2:47.00
100S/50S2:11/45
Top Score2:189
Deliveries2:5,644
Wickets2:118
Bowl Avg2:35.83
Fivefor2:2
Tenfor2:0
Best Bowling2:6/41
Catches/Stumpings2:100/–
Column3:FC
Matches3:507
Runs3:36,212
Bat Avg3:49.40
100S/50S3:114/162
Top Score3:322
Deliveries3:23,226
Wickets3:223
Bowl Avg3:45.15
Fivefor3:1
Tenfor3:0
Best Bowling3:5/88
Catches/Stumpings3:464/1
Column4:LA
Matches4:500
Runs4:16,995
Bat Avg4:41.96
100S/50S4:26/109
Top Score4:189
Deliveries4:12,214
Wickets4:290
Bowl Avg4:30.59
Fivefor4:3
Tenfor4:0
Best Bowling4:6/24
Catches/Stumpings4:238/–
Date:18 August
Year:2007
Source:http://www.espncricinfo.com/westindies/content/player/52812.html CricInfo

Sir Isaac Vivian Alexander Richards (born 7 March 1952) is a retired Antiguan cricketer who represented the West Indies cricket team between 1974 and 1991. Usually batting at number three[4] [5] [6] in a dominant West Indies side, Richards is widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen of all time.[7] [8] [9] [10] [11] Richards was part of the squads which won the 1975 Cricket World Cup and 1979 Cricket World Cup and finished as runners up in the 1983 Cricket World Cup.

Richards made his test debut in 1974 against India along with Gordon Greenidge. His best years were between 1976 and 1983 where he averaged a remarkable 66.51 with the bat in test cricket. In 1984 he suffered from pterygium and had eye surgery[12] which affected his eyesight and reflexes.[13] Despite this, he remained one of the best batsman in the world for the remaining four years of his career, though his average in the second half of his career was significantly lower than for the first. Overall, Richards scored 8,540 runs in 121 Test matches at an average of 50.23 and retired as then West Indies leading run scorer overhauling the aggregate of Garfield Sobers.[14] He also scored 1281 runs at an average of over 55 in World Series Cricket, which is sometimes regarded as the highest and most difficult level of cricket ever played.[15] As a captain, he won 27 of 50 Test matches and lost only 8. He also scored nearly 7,000 runs in One Day Internationals and more than 36,000 in first-class cricket.

He was knighted for his contributions to cricket in 1999.[16] In 2000 he was voted one of Wisdens five Cricketers of the Century by a 100-member panel of experts and in 2002 the almanack judged that he had played the best One Day International innings of all time.[17] In December 2002, he was chosen by Wisden as the greatest One Day International batsman who had played to that date and as the third greatest Test cricket batter.[18] In 2009, Richards was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.[19]

In October 2013, Wisden selected the best test team across 150 years of test history and slotted Richards at No. 5. He was one of only two batsman of the post war era, alongside Sachin Tendulkar, to feature in that team.[20]

Early life

Richards was born to Malcolm and Gretel Richards in St. John's, Antigua, then part of the British Leeward Islands. He attended St. John's Boys Primary School and then Antigua Grammar Secondary School on a scholarship.[21]

Richards discovered cricket at a young age. His brothers, Mervyn and Donald, both played the game, representing Antigua as amateurs, and they encouraged him to play. The young Richards initially practiced with his father and Pat Evanson, a neighbor and family friend, who had captained the Antigua side.[22]

Richards left school aged 18, and worked at D'Arcy's Bar and Restaurant in St. John's. He joined St. John's Cricket Club and the owner of the restaurant where he worked, D'Arcy Williams, provided him with new whites, gloves, pads and a bat. After a few seasons with St. John's C.C., he joined Rising Sun Cricket Club, where he remained until his departure to play abroad.[23]

Richards was suspended from playing cricket for two years when he was a 17-year-old in 1969. Playing for Antigua against St Kitts, he got out for a golden duck much to the disgust of himself and the 6,000 supporters. Some supporters occupied the pitch and the game was held up for two hours.[24] Richards was then given a second opportunity to bat in an effort to appease the almost rioting supporters. In his second bat in the innings he was again out for a duck.[25] [26] Richards said of the incident:

"I behaved very badly and I am not proud of it. But those in authority, who were advising me, didn't do themselves very proud either. I was told to restore peace I should go back out to bat. I did not want to and was not very happy about it. Had I been a more experienced player then I think I would have refused. But go back I did. I was made to look a fool for the convenience of the local cricket authorities."

Cricket career

Richards made his first-class debut in January 1972 when he was 19.[27] He took part in a non-competition match, representing the Leeward Islands against the Windwards: Richards made 20 and 26.[28] His competitive debut followed a few days later. Playing in the domestic West Indian Shell Shield for the Combined Leeward and Windward Islands in Kingston, Jamaica versus Jamaica, he scored 15 and 32, top-scoring in the second innings in a heavy defeat for his side.[29]

By the time Richards was 22, he had played matches in the Antigua, Leeward Islands and Combined Islands tournaments. In 1973, his abilities were noticed by Len Creed, Vice Chairman at Somerset, who was in Antigua at the time as part of a West Country touring side.[30] Lester Bird and Danny Livingstone played an important part in pursuading Creed to take Richards to Somerset.[31] Surrey had earlier rejected both Richards and Andy Roberts at the Surrey Indoor Nets in late 1972. "They did not think we were good enough even to further our cricket education."[32]

Move to England, 1973–1974

During 1973-74, Richards relocated to the United Kingdom, where Creed arranged for him to play league cricket for Lansdown C.C. in Bath. He made his Lansdown debut, as part of the second XI, at Weston-super-Mare on 26 April 1973. Richards was also employed by the club as assistant groundsman to head groundsman John Heyward, which allowed him some financial independence until his career was established. After his debut he was promoted to the first team where he was introduced to the Lansdown all-rounder "Shandy" Perera from Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Richards cites Perera as a major influence on his cricket development especially with regards to post-game analysis. He finished his first season at Lansdown top of the batting averages and shortly afterwards was offered a two-year contract with county side Somerset.

Richards then moved to Taunton in 1974 in preparation for his professional debut with Somerset CCC where he was assigned living accommodation by the club; a flat-share with two other county players: Ian Botham and Dennis Breakwell. On 27 April 1974 Richards made his Benson & Hedges Cup debut for Somerset against Glamorgan in Swansea; after the game Somerset skipper Brian Close arranged a player's ovation for Richards in recognition of his playing and contribution to the victory. Richards was awarded Man of the Match.[33]

Test debut to international stardom, 1975–1984

Richards made his Test match debut for the West Indian cricket team in 1974 against India in Bangalore. He made an unbeaten 192 in the second Test of the same series in New Delhi. The West Indies saw him as a strong opener and he kept his profile up in the early years of his promising career.

In 1975, Richards helped the West Indies win the inaugural Cricket World Cup against Australia, a feat he later described as the most memorable of his career.[34] He starred in the field, running out Alan Turner, Ian Chappell and Greg Chappell. The West Indies were again able to win the following World Cup in 1979, thanks to a Richards century in the final at Lord's. Richards believes that on both occasions, despite internal island divisions, the Caribbean came together.[35]

1976 was perhaps Richards' finest year: he scored 1710 runs, at an astonishing average of 90.00, with seven centuries in 11 Tests. This achievement is all the more remarkable considering he missed the second Test at Lord's after contracting glandular fever; yet he returned to score his career-best 291 at the Oval later in the summer. This tally stood as the world record for most Test runs by a batsman in a single calendar year for 30 years until broken by Mohammad Yousuf of Pakistan on 30 November 2006.

Richards had a long and successful career in the County Championship in England, playing for many years for Somerset. In 1983, the team won the NatWest Trophy, with Richards and close friend Ian Botham having a playful slugging match in the final few overs. Richards also starred in Somerset's victores in the finals of the 1979 Gillette Cup,[36] and the 1981 Benson & Hedges Cup,[37] making a century in both finals, also helping Somerset to win the 1979 John Player League and the 1982 Benson & Hedges Cup.

Richards refused a "blank-cheque" offer to play for a rebel West Indies squad in South Africa during the Apartheid era in 1983, and again in 1984.

West Indies captain and Domestic Cricket, 1984–1991

Richards captained the West Indies in 50 Test matches from 1984 to 1991. He is the only West Indies captain never to lose a Test series, and it is said that his fierce will to win contributed to this achievement. His captaincy was, however, not without controversy: one incident was his aggressive, "finger-flapping" appeal leading to the incorrect dismissal of England batsman Rob Bailey in the Barbados Test in 1990, which was described by Wisden as "at best undignified and unsightly. At worst, it was calculated gamesmanship".[38] This behaviour would nowadays be penalised according to Section 2.5. of the Rules of Conduct of the ICC Code of Conduct.[39]

During a match against Zimbabwe during the 1983 Cricket World Cup, Richards returned to the crease after a stoppage for bad light and accidentally took strike at the wrong end, which remains a very rare occurrence.[40]

Richards continued to thrive in international cricket. He became the only man to score a century and take 5 wickets in the same one-day international when he played against New Zealand at Dunedin in 1986–87 - a feat that wasn't broken until 2005. Moreover, in 1984, he rescued his side from a perilous position at Old Trafford and, in partnership with Michael Holding, smashed 189 to win the game off his own bat.

For his domestic appearances, Richards had joined Somerset in 1984. There, he made his highest first-class score, 322, when they played Warwickshire in 1985.[41] However, despite his totemic presence at Somerset, over time his performances declined as he devoted most of his time to international cricket. The county finished bottom of the County Championship in 1985, and next to bottom in 1986. In 1988, the county was surrounded by controversy when Somerset's new captain Peter Roebuck became an instrumental piece in the decision not to renew the contracts of Richards and his West Indies teammate Joel Garner, whose runs and wickets had brought the county much success in the previous eight years. Somerset proposed to replace the pair with New Zealand batsman Martin Crowe. Consequently, Ian Botham refused a new contract with Somerset in protest at the way his friends Richards and Garner had been treated and promptly joined Worcestershire.[42] After many years of bitterness over the event and the eventual removal of Roebuck from the club, Richards was eventually honoured with the naming of a set of entrance gates after him at the County Ground, Taunton.[43]

In November 1988, while on tour of Australia with the West Indies,[44] Richards became the first West Indies player to reach 100 first-class centuries by scoring 101 against New South Wales.[45] Richards remains the only West Indies player to achieve this milestone, and among non-England qualified players only Don Bradman (117) scored more first-class centuries than Richards' 114.[46]

Richards returned to county cricket for the 1990 season towards the end of his career to play for Glamorgan, helping them to win the AXA Sunday League in 1993.

After cricket

Richards is a commentator on BBC's Test Match Special (TMS).[47] He participated in Prince Edward of the United Kingdom's 1987 charity television special The Grand Knockout Tournament. He was featured in the 2010 documentary movie Fire in Babylon and spoke about his experiences playing for the West Indies. Richards joined the Delhi Daredevils as their mentor in The Indian Premier League in 2013, and also mentored the Quetta Gladiators in the 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022 Pakistan Super League.[48]

Personality and playing style

Quiet and self-contained away from the pitch,[49] Richards was a very powerful right-handed batsman with an extremely attacking style, "possibly the most destructive batsman the sport has ever seen".[49] He was also an excellent fielder and a more than competent off-spin bowler. He is often regarded as the most physically devastating and exciting batsman that ever played the game by cricketers, journalists, fans and others alike,[50] [51] and played his entire 17-year career without a helmet.[50] [51] [52]

His fearless and aggressive style of play, and relaxed but determined demeanor made him a great crowd favourite and an intimidating prospect for opposition bowlers all over the world. The word "swagger" is frequently used to describe his batting style.[49] [53] His batting often completely dominated opposing bowlers. He had the ability to drive good-length balls from outside off-stump through midwicket, his trademark shot, and was one of the great exponents of the hook shot.[54]

Richards was notorious for punishing bowlers that dared to sledge him,[55] so much so, that many opposing captains banned their players from the practice. However playing for Somerset in a county game against Glamorgan, Greg Thomas attempted to sledge Richards after he had played and missed at several balls in a row. He sarcastically informed Richards: "It's red, round and it's about five ounces, in case you were wondering." Richards then hammered the next delivery for 6, straight out of the stadium and into a nearby river. Turning back to the bowler, he commented: "You know what it looks like, now go and find it."[56]

Autobiographies

Richards, with David Foot, wrote an autobiography titled Viv Richards, in 1979.[57]

In 1991, Richards published a second autobiography entitled Hitting Across the Line.[58] In the book, Richards describes how his whole life revolved around sports, cricket in particular. Of special interest is his technique, expressed by the title of the book. To hit across the line of the ball is considered taboo, and dangerously risky. However, Richards' explanation of the conditions in which he played cricket in Antigua as a child, explains how this technique came to be.

Achievements

Statistical summary

In his Test career, he scored 8,540 runs in 121 Test matches at an average of 50.23 (including 24 centuries). Richards also scored 5 centuries in World Series Cricket between 1977 and 1979. These are not recognised by the ICC as "official" Test centuries. Richards won 27 of 50 matches as a Test captain, and lost only 8. He is also the scorer of the equal second fastest-ever Test century, from just 56 balls against England in Antigua during the 1986 tour.[59] He hit 84 sixes in Test cricket. His highest innings of 291 is equal seventh (along with Ramnaresh Sarwan) on the list of West Indies' highest individual scores.[60]

International records

Honours

In 1994, Richards was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to cricket.[71] In 1999, he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Nation (KCN) by his native country Antigua and Barbuda.[72] In 2006, he was upgraded to Antigua and Barbuda highest award, Knight of the Order of the National Hero (KNH).

The Sir Vivian Richards Stadium in North Sound, Antigua, is named in his honour. It was built for use in the 2007 Cricket World Cup. The ground has hosted three Test matches, as well as a number of One-Day Internationals and T20 Internationals.[73] [74] [75]

The Richards–Botham Trophy, replacing the Wisden Trophy for winners of West Indies–England Test series, is named in honour of Richards and Sir Ian Botham.[76]

In 2022, Richards was awarded the Order of the Caribbean Community (OOC), the highest honour that can be conferred upon a Caribbean national. The award confers the styling "The Honourable" as well.[77]

Legacy and place in cricket history

In 2000, Richards was named one of the five Wisden Cricketers of the Century, coming fifth behind Sir Donald Bradman, Sir Garfield Sobers, Sir Jack Hobbs and Shane Warne in the poll of 100 international cricket experts appointed by Wisden Cricketers' Almanack.[78]

Several prominent personalities including former cricketer Imran Khan and writer John Birmingham are of the opinion that Richards was the best ever batsman against genuine fast bowling.[79] [80] For Barry Richards, Ravi Shastri and Neil Fairbrother, he has been cited as the best batsman they personally witnessed.[81] [82] [83] Wasim Akram rates Richards the greatest batsman he ever bowled to, ahead of Sunil Gavaskar and Martin Crowe.[84]

Akram also rates Richards as the best and most complete batsman he ever saw ahead of Sachin Tendulkar and Brian Lara.[85] [86] Crowe himself rated Richards as the best batsman he played against, along with Greg Chappell.[87] Arguably the two greatest spinners ever, Muttiah Muralitharan and Shane Warne both idolize Richards. Murali idolized Richards in his years growing up, while Warne rates him the greatest batsman "for me", and overall just after Bradman.[88]

Ian Botham who is regarded as one of the greatest all-rounders of all time and one of England's greatest cricketers, rates Richards as the greatest batsman he ever saw ahead of Sunil Gavaskar, Greg Chappell, Martin Crowe, Sachin Tendulkar and Brian Lara.[89] Michael Holding, often regarded as one of the greatest fast bowlers of all time and part of the West Indies four-prolonged pace attack during the late 1970s and early 1980s rates Richards as the greatest batsman he witnessed in the last 50 years.[90] England's fast bowling great Bob Willis rated Richards as greatest batsman he ever witnessed and best he ever bowled to.[91]

Australian fast bowling greats Jeff Thomson often regarded as the fastest bowler in cricket history along with Dennis Lillee rates Richards as best batsman they ever bowled against. Lillee rates Richards as best batsman he bowled to and went on to say him as The Supreme player.[92] Thomson also rates Richards as the greatest batsman he bowled against.[93] [94] Former Australian captain Ian Chappell who is regarded as one of the best cricket captains of all time rates Richards as the most intimidating and dangerous batsman he ever saw who often changed games simply by walking to the crease.[95]

Brian Lara and Sachin Tendulkar who are regarded as two of the greatest modern day batsman rates Richards as the best they ever saw and their batting idol while growing up.[96] [97] Kumar Sangakara, former Sri Lankan Wicket keeper batsman often rates Richards along with Lara as the greatest batsman he ever witnessed and further calls Richards as his cricketing idol while growing up.[98] Former Pakistan captain Inzamam-ul-haq rates Richards as the greatest batsman he ever saw ahead of both Tendulkar and Lara.[99]

The ICC has produced rankings for batsmen and bowlers for both the longer and shorter versions. In the ratings for Test Cricket, Richards holds the equal seventh highest peak rating (938), after Sir Donald Bradman (961), Steve Smith (947), Sir Len Hutton, Sir Jack Hobbs, Ricky Ponting and Peter May.[100] The ODI ratings placed Richards in first followed by Zaheer Abbas and Greg Chappell.[101] He topped the rankings at the end of the years 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 and 1986.

He was voted the greatest cricketer since 1970 in a poll, ahead of Ian Botham and Shane Warne.[102] That poll saw both Botham and Warne vote for Richards, and in the opinions of both, Richards is the greatest batsman they ever saw. In 2006, in a study done by a team of ESPN's Cricinfo magazine, Richards was again chosen as the greatest ODI Batsman ever.[103]

To mark 150 years of the Cricketers' Almanack, Wisden named him in an all-time Test World XI.[104]

Football

Some writers contend that Richards also played international football for Antigua and Barbuda, appearing in qualifying matches for the 1974 World Cup.[105] [106] However, he does not appear in recorded line-ups for these matches.[107]

Personal life

Richards and his wife Miriam have two children, including Mali, who has also played first-class cricket. Richards is also godfather to Ian Botham's son, Liam.[108] [109]

Richards had a brief relationship with Indian actress Neena Gupta,[110] with whom he has a daughter, fashion designer Masaba Gupta.[111] [112]

See also

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Vivian Richards salutes the original Smokin' Joe. 26 January 2022. ESPNcricinfo. en.
  2. News: King Viv comes calling. en-IN. The Hindu. 10 March 2021. 0971-751X.
  3. http://www.espncricinfo.com/westindies/content/player/52812.html CricInfo profile
  4. Web site: Sealey. Louis. Michael Holding rates West Indies hero Viv Richards as the best batsman in history – Metro. 28 January 2022. As he was batting at No 3 for West Indies, I often saw him watch the first couple of overs, get a visual picture, and then go and sleep. People would have to wake him up and say 'Viv, it's your turn'. Sometimes it was early, sometimes, because you had (Gordon) Greenidge and (Desmond) Haynes, not so early. Metro.co.Uk.
  5. Book: David Foot. David Foot. Viv Richards. 1987. Hamilton. 13. When he was captain at school he promoted himself to no.3 in batting order, a batting position where he kept and played for most of his career. 978-0-241-12046-0. en.
  6. Web site: 7 August 2013. Jeff Thomson's spell at Barbados in 1978 was the fastest I've seen: Tony Cozier. 28 January 2022. Cricket Country. With the batting, you had one of the top opening pairs at the time and one of the greatest of all time in Gordon Greenidge and Desmond Haynes, and then you had Viv Richards at three to begin with. en-US.
  7. Web site: Stats from the Past: The best ODI batsmen from across eras | Highlights | Cricinfo Magazine . ESPN Cricinfo . 7 August 2014.
  8. Web site: Stats analysis: Viv Richards | Specials | Cricinfo Magazine . ESPN Cricinfo . 7 August 2014.
  9. Web site: Viv Richards- The greatest ODI batsman of all time . https://web.archive.org/web/20110219104420/http://www.sify.com/sports/viv-richards-the-greatest-odi-batsman-of-all-time-news-cricket-lcrpObehjdi.html . dead . 19 February 2011 . . 7 August 2014.
  10. Web site: 2 April 2011. Viv Richards was a complete genius: Imran Khan. 25 January 2021. DAWN.COM. en.
  11. Web site: Featured Columnist . The ICC Ranking System's Top 10 Batsmen in ODI Cricket History . Bleacher Report . 13 November 2013 . 7 August 2014.
  12. Web site: Staff Reporter. Lara's vision blurry. 25 December 2021. The Mail & Guardian. 18 August 2000. en-ZA.
  13. Web site: Viv Richards profile by Mike Selvey. 25 December 2021. ESPNcricinfo. en.
  14. Web site: Arunabha . Sengupta . 11 March 2013 . Vivian Richards: The most feared and devastating batsman in history . 27 December 2022 . Cricket Country . en.
  15. Web site: In a league of his own. 25 December 2021. ESPNcricinfo. en.
  16. Web site: Antiguan government bestows knighthood on Vivian Richards (4 January 1999). 25 December 2021. ESPNcricinfo. en.
  17. Web site: Richards, Gilmour top Wisden ODI list. rediff.com. 15 February 2002. 22 September 2009.
  18. Web site: Tendulkar second-best ever: Wisden. rediff.com. 14 December 2002. 22 September 2009.
  19. Web site: ICC and FICA launch Cricket Hall of Fame. Cricinfo . ESPNcricinfo . 2 January 2009 . 19 July 2019.
  20. News: Wisden names all-time World Test XI . BBC Sport . 10 March 2022 . en-GB.
  21. McDonald (1984), pp. 25–6.
  22. Richards (1982), pp. 22–3.
  23. McDonald (1984), pp. 32–3.
  24. Book: Viv. Richards . David. Foot . Viv Richards . World's Work Ltd . 1979 . Surrey, UK . 26 . English.
  25. Web site: Baptiste . Neto . 29 September 2020 . A Tale Of Three Ducks And A Two Year Ban For Viv Richards . 4 March 2023 . Antigua Observer.
  26. Web site: Viv Richards' two-year ban . 4 March 2023 . ESPNcricinfo . en.
  27. Web site: The Home of CricketArchive.
  28. Web site: The Home of CricketArchive.
  29. Web site: The Home of CricketArchive.
  30. Viv Richards by Vivian Richards and David Foot. First Published 1979 by World's Work Ltd (UK). .
  31. Book: Beckles, Hilary. A Spirit of Dominance. Hilary Beckles. Canoe Press. Kingston. 65. 1998. 9789768125378. en.
  32. Richards, Viv, page 21, Sir Vivian – the Definitive Biography, Michael Joseph, 2000
  33. http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/479407.html Viv Richards Somerset Debut – 27 April 1974
  34. http://www.foxsports.com.au/cricket/inside-cricket/west-indies-legend-sir-viv-richards-will-answer-your-questions-on-inside-cricket/story-fn5k3euk-1226536195769#.UPa9K2e0PgUc "Your chance to ask West Indies legend Sir Viv Richards a question to be aired on Inside Cricket"
  35. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/1857997.stm Croft quizzes Richards
  36. Web site: Northamptonshire v Somerset at Lord's, 8 September 1979. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  37. Web site: Somerset v Surrey at Lord's, 25 July 1981. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  38. Web site: Cricinfo – Within the laws but against the spirit . Content-uk.cricinfo.com . 7 August 2014.
  39. http://www.icc-cricket.com/icc/rules/code-of-conduct-for-players-and-officials.pdf
  40. Martin-Jenkins, p. 68.
  41. Web site: Somerset v Warwickshire at Taunton, 1-4 June 1985. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  42. Web site: Peter Roebuck's Somerset agony. ESPNCricinfo. 15 May 2022.
  43. News: Green . David . 22 July 2003 . Somerset tribute to Richards . The Telegraph . 5 March 2022.
  44. Web site: From Grace to Hick. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  45. Web site: New South Wales v West Indians at Sydney, 11-4 November 1988. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  46. Web site: Records / First-class Matches / Most Hundreds in a Career. ESPNCricinfo. 22 July 2022.
  47. Web site: BBC News, 1 November 2006 . BBC News . 7 August 2014.
  48. Web site: Vivian Richards to mentor Quetta Gladiators. 31 December 2015. The Express Tribune.
  49. News: Sir Viv Richards at 60: Former team-mates on West Indies legend. BBC Sport.
  50. Web site: Player Profile: Sir Viv Richards. Cricinfo. 22 September 2009.
  51. Web site: Five cricketers of the century: Sir Vivian Richards. Wisden. 22 September 2009.
  52. News: The Ten. Daffey. Paul. 1 January 2005. The Age. 22 September 2009.
  53. http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/344206.html Cricinfo – Emperor, empowerer
  54. Web site: Playing hooky . Choudhury . Chandrahas . 19 September 2004 . ESPNcricinfo . 16 January 2013.
  55. Web site: Telfer. Alex. The Top 10 Greatest Cricket Sledges of All-Time. 19 May 2021. Bleacher Report. en.
  56. Web site: Charles . Chris . Lighter examples of sledging – BBC Sport . BBC News . 15 July 2003 . 7 August 2014.
  57. Book: Viv Richards, David Foot . Viv Richards . World's Work Ltd . 1979 . Great Britain . English.
  58. Book: Richards, Viv . Hitting across the line . Headline . 1991 . 0-7472-0438-1 . Great Britain . English.
  59. Web site: Test matches – Batting records – Fastest hundreds. ESPNCricinfo. 20 February 2016.
  60. Web site: Records – Test matches – Batting records – Most runs in an innings – ESPN Cricinfo. Cricinfo.
  61. News: Records Test matches Batting records Highest strike rate in an innings ESPN Cricinfo. Cricinfo. 23 February 2017.
  62. News: Sir Viv Richards smashes fastest century in Test match history. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/international/england/4613508/Sir-Viv-Richards-smashes-fastest-century-in-Test-match-history.html . 10 January 2022 . subscription . live. Baker. Andrew. Telegraph.co.uk. 30 August 2017. en.
  63. News: Records Test matches Batting records Fastest hundreds ESPN Cricinfo. Cricinfo. 23 February 2017.
  64. News: McCullum scores fastest hundred in Test history. Cricinfo. 30 August 2017. en.
  65. News: Records One-Day Internationals Batting records Fastest to 1000 runs ESPN Cricinfo. Cricinfo. 23 February 2017.
  66. News: Records One-Day Internationals Partnership records Highest partnerships by wicket ESPN Cricinfo. Cricinfo. 27 February 2017.
  67. Web site: Highest ODI scores at each batting position. cricinfo.
  68. Web site: A hundred and four wickets in an innings. cricinfo.
  69. Web site: A century and fifer in an ODI innings. cricinfo.
  70. Web site: 1000 runs & 50 wickets in ODI career. cricinfo.
  71. http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/list-of-the-awards-1.499353 List of the awards
  72. Web site: Antiguan government bestows knighthood on Vivian Richards (4 January 1999) . ESPN Sports Media Ltd. . 7 August 2014.
  73. Web site: The Home of CricketArchive.
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  108. https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/cricket/sir-viv-richards-at-60---754010 Sir Viv Richards at 60 by Ian Botham
  109. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1065395/ Cricket's Babe Ruth – Sports Illustrated
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