Cissus quadrangularis explained

Cissus quadrangularis is a perennial plant of the grape family. It is commonly known as veldt grape, winged treebine or adamant creeper.^[1] The species is native to tropical Asia, the Arabian Peninsula and much of Africa.

Description

Cissus quadrangularis reaches a height of 1.5m (04.9feet) and has quadrangular-sectioned branches with internodes NaN0NaN0 long and NaN1NaN1 wide. Along each angle is a leathery edge. Toothed trilobe leaves NaN1NaN1 wide appear at the nodes. Each has a tendril emerging from the opposite side of the node. Racemes of small white, yellowish, or greenish flowers; globular berries are red when ripe.

Cissus quadrangularis is an evergreen climber growing to 5m (16feet) by 0.5m (01.6feet) at a fast rate. It is hardy to zone (UK) 10. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.^[2]

Traditional medicine

Cissus quadrangularis has been used as a medicinal plant since antiquity. Cissus has been used in various Ayurvedic classical medicines to heal broken bones and injured ligaments and tendons.^[3] In siddha medicine, it is considered a tonic and analgesic, and is believed to help heal broken bones, thus its name asthisamharaka (that which prevents the destruction of bones). The Assamese people and the Garo tribe of Meghalaya and Bangladesh have used C. quadrangularis for bone fracture.^[4]

Experimental studies

C. quadrangularis has been studied for its effects in a rat model for osteoporosis.^[5] C. quadrangularis has been studied in animal models of bone fracture.^[6]

Its bactericidal effects on Helicobacter pylori indicate a potential use for treating gastric ulcers in conjunction with NSAID therapy.^[7]

The enzymatic and an in vitro cell culture study shows the potential anti-inflammatory and inhibitory properties of "cissus quadrangularis".^[8]

External links

• Austin, A. Jegadeesan, M. Gowrishankar, R. (2004) "Helicobactericidal Activity of Cissus quadrangularis L. Variant I"; Natural Product Sciences 10 (5): 217–219. Korean Society of Pharmacognosy.
• Chopra . SS . Patel . MR . Awadhiya . RP. . vanc . 1976 . Studies of Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: a histopathological study . Indian Journal of Medical Research . 64 . 9. 1365–1368 . 1010630 .
• Jainu . Mallika . Devi . Shyamala . 2003 . Tent antiulcerogenic activity of methanolic extract of Cissus quadrangularis by antioxidative mechanism . Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition . 34 . 2. 43–47 . 10.3164/jcbn.34.43 . free .
• Kashikar . ND . Indu . George . 2006 . Antibacterial activity of Cissus quadrangularis Linn . Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences . 68 . 2. 245–247 . 10.4103/0250-474X.25727 . free .
• Oben . Julius . Damaris Mandob . Enyegue . Fomekong . Gilles I . Soukontoua . Yves B . Agbor . Gabriel A . 2007 . The effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQR-300) and a Cissus formulation (CORE) on obesity and obesity-induced oxidative stress . Lipids in Health and Disease . 6 . 4 . 17274828 . 10.1186/1476-511X-6-4 . 1800848 . free .
• 2006 . The use of a Cissus quadrangularis formulation in the management of weight loss and metabolic syndrome . Lipids in Health and Disease . 5 . 24 . 16948861 . 10.1186/1476-511X-5-24 . 1570348 . Oben . Julius . Kuate . Dieudonne . Agbor . Gabriel . Momo . Claudia . Talla . Xavio . free .
• Analysis of the effect of Asthishrinkhla Kandaswarasa [stem juice of ''Cissus quadrangularis''] in fracture healing in a rat model 'Dr. Deepanshu K. Mishra, Prof. Sanjeev Sharma, R.G.G.P.G. Ayu. College - Paprola' Prof. V.K. Gupta, Dr. G.C. Negi College of Vet. and Animal sciences - Palampur - Dec. 2010.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Cissus quadrangularis . European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) . 5 September 2022.
2. Web site: Cissus quadrangularis Veldt Grape PFAF Plant Database.
3. Vibha . Singh . Medicinal plants and bone healing . National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery . Jan–Jun 2017 . 8 . 1 . 4–11 . 10.4103/0975-5950.208972 . 28761270 . 5512407 . free .
4. Upadhyay . Bhuvaneshwar . Singh . Kamini P. . Kumar . Ashwani . Ethno-veterinary uses and informants consensus factor of medicinal plants of Sariska region, Rajasthan, India . Journal of Ethnopharmacology . Jan 2011 . 133 . 1 . 14–25 . 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.054 . 20817085 .
5. 10.1080/03009730902891784. 19736603. Evidence-based assessment of antiosteoporotic activity of petroleum-ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. On ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. 114. 3. 140–8. 2009. Potu . B. K. . Rao . M. S. . Nampurath . G. K. . Chamallamudi . M. R. . Prasad . K. . Nayak . S. R. . Dharmavarapu . P. K. . Kedage . V. . Bhat . K. M. R. . 2852762.
6. Indian Journal of Pharmacology . 1994 . 26 . 44–45 . Effect of Cissus Quadrangularis in Accelerating Healing Process of Experimentally Fracture Radius-Ulna of Dog: A Preliminary Study . 2014-06-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131127035913/http://www.wellcorps.com/files/EffectOfCissusQuadrangularisInAcceleratingHealingOfFracture.pdf . 2013-11-27 . dead .
7. 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.076. 16338111. Protective effect of Cissus quadrangularis on neutrophil mediated tissue injury induced by aspirin in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 104. 3. 302–5. 2006. Jainu . M. . Mohan . K. V. . Devi . C. S. S. .
8. 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.044. 22484053 . Evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis extracts as an inhibitor of COX, 5-LOX, and proinflammatory mediators. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 141. 3. 986–96. 2012. Bhujade . Arti .