| Vitaly Sergeyevich Yurchenko | |
| Birth Date: | 2 May 1936 |
| Birth Place: | Soviet Union |
| Allegiance: | USSR |
| Awards: | Order of the Red Star |
Vitaly Sergeyevich Yurchenko (Russian: Виталий Сергеевич Юрченко; born May 2, 1936) is a former high-ranking KGB disinformation officer in the Soviet Union. After 25 years of service in the KGB, he defected to the United States during an assignment in Rome on August 1, 1985, arriving the following day.[1] After providing the names of two U.S. intelligence officers as KGB agents and claiming that Lee Harvey Oswald was never recruited by the KGB,[2] Yurchenko slipped away from the Americans and returned to the Soviets.
Upon his defection to the United States, Yurchenko identified two American intelligence officers as KGB agents: Ronald Pelton and Edward Lee Howard. Pelton was later convicted, while Howard fled to the Soviet Union before he could be questioned.
In November 1985, before eating a meal at Au Pied de Cochon, a French restaurant in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C., Yurchenko told his CIA guard, "I'm going for a walk.[3] If I don't come back, it's not your fault."[4] Yurchenko did not return.[5]
The building, located at 1335 Wisconsin Avenue NW has a plaque commemorating the event that was once displayed in one of Au Pied de Cochon's booths.
Several days later, the Soviet Embassy called a press conference, at which Yurchenko announced he had been kidnapped and drugged by the Americans. It is possible that his defection was staged to fool the CIA with wrong leads, to protect Aldrich Ames, an American who worked for the CIA and was then one of the Soviet Union's most important moles within the CIA. The KGB was reported to have secretly interrogated Yurchenko after his return, under the influence of a truth drug, to ensure he had not been recruited by the CIA as a double agent.[1]
At a 1999 Texas A&M conference attended by several CIA intelligence professionals, as well as KGB General Oleg Danilovich Kalugin, the question of Yurchenko's defection came up. Kalugin stated that Yurchenko started as a real defector, then changed his mind and redefected. Kalugin gave several points:
Another panelist also believed he was a legitimate defector. James Olson of the George Bush School of Government and Public Service said, "I think he was a very disturbed individual and he redefected out of psychological problems that he had." Paul Redmond said that Sandra Grimes and Jeanne Vertefeuille (of the Aldrich Ames case) also believed Yurchenko was genuine. However, Redmond thought it possible that Yurchenko might have been sent by the KGB as a "starburst".