Virtual manipulatives for mathematics explained
Virtual manipulatives for mathematics are digital representations of concrete mathematics manipulatives.[1] These virtual manipulatives are based on the physical manipulatives used in classrooms. They are generally used to introduce mathematical concepts using visuals and are used for teaching students new topics that may be more difficult to explain in other ways.[2] [3]
Common manipulatives include base ten blocks, coins, 3D blocks, tangrams, rulers, fraction bars, algebra tiles, geoboards, geometric planes, and solid figures.
Use in special education
Virtual math manipulatives are sometimes included in the general academic curriculum as assistive technology for students with physical or mental disabilities.[4] Students can still be included in activities using virtual manipulatives if they can not engage in physical activity. Virtual math manipulatives also do no require any form of physical transportation and as a consequence are sometimes used to assist in helping students who are unable to attend school regularly because of poor health or other difficulties.[5] [6]
Further reading
- Moyer, P. S., Bolyard, J. J., & Spikell, M. A. (2000). What are virtual manipulatives? [Online]. Teaching Children Mathematics, 8(6), 372-377. Available: - My NCTM
- Moyer, P. S., Niezgoda, D., & Stanley, J. (2005). Young children's use of virtual manipulatives and other forms of mathematical representations. In W. J. Masalaski & P. C. Elliot (Eds.), Technology-Supported Mathematics Learning Environments (pp. 17–34). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
- Ortiz, Enrique (2017).Pre-service teachers’ ability to identify and implement cognitive levels in mathematics learning. Issues in the Undergraduate Mathematics Preparation of School Teachers (IUMPST): The Journal (Technology), 3, pp. 1–14. Retrieved from Issues in the Undergraduate Mathematics Preparation of School Teachers: The Journal -- Volume 1. pdf:http://www.k-12prep.math.ttu.edu/journal/3.technology/ortiz01/article.pdf
- Ortiz, Enrique, Eisenreich, Heidi & Tapp, Laura (2019). Physical and virtual manipulative framework conceptions of undergraduate pre-service teachers. International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning, 20(1), 62-84. Retrieved from Physical and Virtual Manipulative Framework Conceptions of Undergraduate Pre-service Teachers.
External links
Notes and References
- Moyer. P.S.. 2002. What are Virtual Manipulatives?. Teaching Children Mathematics. 8. 6. 372–377. 10.5951/TCM.8.6.0372.
- Carbonneau. K.J.. 2013. A meta-analysis of the efficacy of teaching mathematics with concrete manipulatives.. Journal of Educational Psychology. 105. 2. 380–400. 10.1037/a0031084.
- Book: Silva R., Costa C., Martins, F.. Using Mathematical Modelling and Virtual Manipulatives to Teach Elementary Mathematics . 2021. Technology and Innovation in Learning, Teaching and Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73988-1_6.. Communications in Computer and Information Science. 1884. 75–89. 10.1007/978-3-030-73988-1_6. 978-3-030-73987-4. 234959877.
- Bouck. Emily C.. Anderson. Rubia D.. Long. Holly. Sprick. Jessica. 2021-02-26. Manipulative-Based Instructional Sequences in Mathematics for Students With Disabilities. TEACHING Exceptional Children. 54. 3. en. 178–190. 10.1177/0040059921994599. 233907400. 0040-0599.
- Satsangi . Rajiv . Miller . Bridget . 2017 . The Case for Adopting Virtual Manipulatives in Mathematics Education for Students with Disabilities . Preventing School Failure . en . 61 . 4 . 303–310 . 10.1080/1045988X.2016.1275505 . 1045-988X . 152099008.
- Satsangi . Rajiv . Hammer . R. . Evmenova . A. . 2018 . Teaching Multistep Equations with Virtual Manipulatives to Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities . Learning Disabilities Research & Practice . 33 . 2 . 99–111 . 10.1111/ldrp.12166 . 149871579.
