U.S. National Indoor Championships Explained

U.S. National Indoor Championships
Type:	defunct
Founded:	1898
Ended:	2014
City:	1898 Newton Center, MA 1900–1963 New York, NY 1964–1976 Salisbury, MD 1977–2014 Memphis, TN
Country:	United States
Surface:	Hard / indoors
Venue:	1898 Winter Lawn Tennis Club 1900–1963 Seventh Regiment Armory 1941 Oklahoma Coliseum 1964–1976 Wicomico Youth and Civic Center 1977–2014 Racquet Club of Memphis,
Atp Category:	500 series (until 2013) 250 series (in 2014)
Wta Tier:	WTA Category 1+ (1987), WTA Category 2 (1988–1989), WTA Tier IV (1990–1992), WTA Tier III (1993–2008),

The U.S. National Indoor Championships was a tennis tournament that was last held at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Also known as the U.S. International Indoor Championships. The event was played on indoor hard courts and usually took place in February. For much of its more than 100-year history it was a combined men's and women's tournament but in 2014, its final year, only a men's tournament was held. The event was previously known under various sponsored names including the Memphis Open, the Regions Morgan Keegan Championships, the Kroger St. Jude Championship, and the Volvo Championships. It was called throughout most of its history the National Indoor Championships.

History

The tournament began in March 1898 when the inaugural edition was played at the Newton Winter Tennis Club in Newton Center. The men's singles was the only event played and was won by Leo Ware who defeated Holcombe Ward in the final in straight sets.^[1] There was no tournament held in 1899.

In 1900 a men's doubles event was added and the tournament moved to the Seventh Regiment Armory in Manhattan, New York, where it was played on a wood court until 1963 with the exception of 1941 (Coliseum in Oklahoma City) and from 1942 until 1945 when no tournament was held due to World War II.

When the Seventh Regiment Armory was closed for renovations a new venue for the tournament had to be selected by the USLTA.^[2] In 1964 the tournament moved to Salisbury, Maryland, and was organized by Jimmy Connors' manager Bill Riordan.^[3]

The last move occurred after the 1976 tournament, when Memphis became the host of the event and was the location of the tournament until its end in 2014.^{[4] [5]} The men's tournament was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit between 1976 and 1989 before becoming an ATP Tour event.

The 2013 tournament was the last combined men's and women's tournament and was held February 16–24, 2013, at The Racquet Club of Memphis. Marina Erakovic was the last woman to win the title.^[6] In 2014 the WTA event moved to Rio de Janeiro. The men's tournament lost its ATP World Tour 500 series certification, which also moved to Rio de Janeiro, but continued as an ATP 250 event known as the Memphis Open, taking over the ATP 250 sanction from the SAP Open in San Jose.^{[7] [8]}

Men's finals

Singles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Newton Center	1898			7–5, 7–5, 6–1
	1899	Not held
New York	1900			6–1, 1–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1901			11–9, 6–2, 6–3
	1902			4–6, 9–7, 1–6, 8–6, 6–4
	1903			6–3, 6–4, 6–1
	1904			8–6, 6–3, 5–7, 6–8, 7–5
	1905			6–3, 8–6, 6–4
	1906			6–4, 6–2, 8–6
	1907			3–6, 6–3, 6–2, 1–6, 6–0
	1908			6–4, 3–6, 6–2, 6–4
	1909			6–3, 6–3, 6–4
	1910			6–1, 3–6, 7–9, 6–1, 6–4
	1911			6–2, 6–3, 6–4
	1912			6–1, 6–3, 6–3JR.
	1913			6–4, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1914			6–2, 6–2, 4–6, 6–2
	1915			6–3, 6–2, 3–6, 6–2
	1916			6–2, 6–2, 7–5
	1917			7–5, 6–3, 6–3
	1918			7–5, 6–2, 8–6
	1919			3–6, 8–6, 6–8, 6–1, 6–4
	1920			10–8, 6–3, 6–1
	1921			6–2, 6–1, 6–3
	1922			6–4, 1–6, 7–5, 6–2
	1923			6–1, 6–3, 7–5
	1924			8–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
	1925			3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–0^[9] ^[10]
	1926			15–13, 6–3, 2–6, 6–2
	1927			6–2, 6–4, 6–3
	1928			2–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 6–2
	1929			6–4, 6–0, 4–6, 8–6
	1930			6–3, 6–2, 6–2
	1931			6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 3–6, 6–4
	1932			10–8, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1933			6–1, 6–3, 2–6, 3–6, 6–2
	1934			6–1, 8–6, 6–4
	1935			8–6, 7–5, 2–6, 0–6, 6–2
	1936			6–1, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3
	1937			6–4, 6–4, 1–6, 4–6, 6–1
	1938			9–7, 3–6, 6–4, 7–5
	1939			6–3, 5–7, 6–3, 6–1
	1940			3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2
Oklahoma City	1941			6–0, 6–4, 6–2
1942 – 1945	No competition (due to WWII)
New York	1946			1–6, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
1947			6–1, 6–2, 6–2
1948			4–6, 8–6, 9–7, 6–2
1949			10–8, 6–0, 4–6, 9–7
1950			11–9, 4–6, 6–2, 6–2
1951			6–4, 6–8, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3
1952			6–4, 6–3, 6–4
1953			5–7, 6–4, 6–3, 6–3
1954			3–6, 6–1, 6–1, 6–4
1955			11–13, 7–5, 9–7, 6–3
1956			6–1, 6–3, 8–10, 6–3
1957			4–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1958			6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 12–10
1959			7–9, 6–3, 4–6, 5–7, 12–10
1960			6–2, 2–6, 10–12, 6–1, 6–4
1961			6–2, 11–9, 6–3
1962			4–6, 6–3, 4–6, 9–7, 10–8
1963			7–5, 4–6, 6–3, 10–8
Salisbury	1964			15–13, 6–2, 6–8, 3–6, 6–3
	1965			4–6, 13–11, 6–4, 11–9
	1966			12–10, 10–8, 8–6
	1967			13–11, 6–2, 2–6, 9–7
	1968			6–4, 6–4, 6–4
	↓  Open Era  ↓
	1969			6–3, 6–8, 6–4, 6–4
	1970			6–8, 3–6, 6–4, 9–7, 6–0
	1971			2–6, 7–6, 1–6, 7–6, 6–0
				5–7, 6–2, 6–3, 6–4
				3–6, 7–6, 7–6, 6–3
				6–4, 7–5, 6–3
	1975			5–7, 7–5, 6–1, 3–6, 6–0
	1976			6–2, 6–3, 7–6^(9–7)
Memphis				6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 7–5
				7–6, 6–3
	1979			6–4, 5–7, 6–3
				7–6^(8–6), 7–6^(7–4)
	1981			6–2, 6–4
	1982			6–3, 3–6, 6–4
	1983			7–5, 6–0
	1984			6–3, 4–6, 7–5
	1985			6–1, 6–0
	1986			7–5, 7–6
	1987			6–3, 2–1 (retired)
	1988			6–4, 6–4, 7–5
	1989			6–2, 6–2 (retired)
	1990			6–7, 6–4, 7–6
	1991			7–5, 6–3
				6–3, 6–2
	1993			5–7, 7–6^(7–4), 7–6^(7–4)
				6–4, 7–5
				7–6^(7–2), 6–4
				6–4, 7–6^(7–2)
	1997			6–3, 6–4
	1998			6–3, 6–2
	1999			6–4, 6–1
	2000			6–2, 1–6, 6–3
	2001			6–3, 6–7^(5–7), 6–3
	2002			6–4, 3–6, 7–5
	2003			6–1, 6–4
	2004			7–6^(7–5), 6–3
	2005			7–5, 7–5
				6–3, 6–2
				6–3, 6–2
				6–3, 7–6^(7–5)
				7–5, 7–5
				6–7^(3–7), 7–6^(7–5), 6–3
				7–6^(9–7), 6–7^(11–13), 7–5
				7–5, 7–6^(7–4)
				6–2, 6–3
				6–4, 7–6^(7–0)
	2015

Doubles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Salisbury	1971			7–6, 6–2
	1972			4–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1973			2–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1974			7–5, 6–2
	1975			4–6, 6–3, 6–3
	1976			6–3, 6–2
Memphis	1977			4–6, 7–6, 7–6
	1978			3–6, 7–6, 6–2
	1979			6–4, 6–4
	1980			6–3, 6–7, 7–6
	1981			7–6, 6–7, 7–6
	1982			7–6, 4–6, 6–2
	1983			6–3, 5–7, 6–4
	1984			6–3, 6–0
	1985			1–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1986			6–4, 4–6, 7–6
	1987			6–4, 6–2
	1988			6–2, 6–2
	1989			7–6, 6–7, 6–1
	1990			7–5, 6–2
	1991			7–5, 6–3
	1992			7–6, 6–1
	1993			7–5, 4–6, 7–6
	1994			7–6, 6–4
	1995			4–6, 7–6, 6–1
	1996			6–4, 7–5
	1997			6–3, 3–6, 6–1
	1998			6–3, 6–4
	1999			6–3, 6–4
	2000			6–2, 6–4
	2001			6–3, 7–6
	2002			6–3, 3–6, [10–4]
	2003			6–2, 7–6
	2004			6–3, 6–4
	2005			6–4, 6–4
	2006			0–6, 7–5, [10–5]
	2007			7–5, 6–3
	2008			7–6^(7–5), 6–2
	2009			7–6^(9–7), 6–1
	2010			6–4, 6–4
	2011			6–2, 6–7^(6–8), [10–3]
	2012			4–6, 7–5, [10–7]
	2013			6–1, 6–2
	2014			6–4, 6–4
	2015	see Memphis Open

Women's finals

Singles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Oklahoma City	1986			6–4, 4–6, 6–3
	1987			4–6, 6–3, 7–5
	1988			6–3, 6–2
	1989			6–4, 6–4
	1990			6–4, 6–2
	1991			3–6, 6–3, 6–2
	1992			7–5, 3–6, 7–6
	1993	Zina Garrison-Jackson (2)		6–2, 6–2
	1994			7–6^(8–6), 7–6^(7–4)
	1995			6–1, 6–2
	1996	(2)		6–3, 6–2
	1997			6–4, 6–2
	1998			6–3, 6–2
	1999	Venus Williams (2)		6–3, 6–0
	2000			6–1, 7–6^(7–3)
	2001	Monica Seles (2)		6–3, 5–7, 6–2
Memphis	2002			4–6, 6–3, 7–6^(11–9)
	2003	Lisa Raymond (2)		6–3, 6–2
	2004			4–6, 6–4, 7–5
	2005	Vera Zvonareva (2)		7–6^(7–3), 6–2
	2006			6–2, 2–6, 6–3
	2007	Venus Williams (3)		6–1, 6–1
	2008	Lindsay Davenport (2)		6–2, 6–1
	2009			6–1, 6–3
	2010			6–2, 6–1
	2011			6–2, ret.
	2012	Sofia Arvidsson (2)		6–3, 6–4
	2013			6–1, ret.

Doubles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Oklahoma City	1986			2–6, 7–6^(7–1), 6–1
	1987			6–4, 6–4
	1988			6–4, 6–4
	1989			W/O
	1990			7–5, 6–2
	1991			6–2, 6–4
	1992			3–6, 6–4, 7–6^(8–6)
	1993			6–3, 6–2
	1994	Patty Fendick (2) Meredith McGrath (2)		7–6^(7–3), 6–2
	1995			6–4, 6–3
	1996			6–4, 6–3
	1997			6–4, 6–1
	1998			7–5, 6–2
				6–3, 6–4
	2000			6–4, 4–6, 6–2
	2001	Amanda Coetzer Lori McNeil (3)		6–3, 2–6, 6–0
Memphis	2002			6–4, 2–6, 6–0
	2003			6–1, 6–1
	2004			6–4, 7–6^(7–0)
	2005			6–3, 6–4
	2006			7–6^(7–2), 6–3
	2007			7–5, 4–6, [10–5]
	2008	Lindsay Davenport Lisa Raymond (3)	Angela Haynes Mashona Washington	6–3, 6–1
	2009		Yuliana Fedak Michaëlla Krajicek	6–1, 7–6^(7–2)
	2010		Bethanie Mattek-Sands Meghann Shaughnessy	7–5, 6–2
	2011			6–3, 4–6, [10–8]
	2012			6–3, 6–4
	2013			7–6^(7–5), 6–3

See also

• U.S. Women's Indoor Championships
• U.S. Pro Indoor

External links

• Official website

35.116°N -89.89°W

Notes and References

1. News: Miscellaneous Sport. Boston Evening Transcript. March 21, 1898.
2. News: Mary Corddry . Bill Riordan, Salisbury's 'Mr. Tennis' . The Baltimore Sun . February 16, 1964 . 12, 14 . Newspapers.com . limited.
3. Book: Robertson, Max. The Encyclopedia of Tennis. 1974. Allen & Unwin. London. 9780047960420. 338, 339.
4. Book: Official Encyclopedia of Tennis. 1981. Harper & Row. New York [u.a.]. 9780060148966. 272–277. 3rd, Revised and updated. Bill Shannon. registration.
5. Web site: Frank Murtaugh . 40 Years of Tennis at The Racquet Club . Memphis . February 8, 2016.
6. Web site: Big Changes For Tennis in Memphis . 2012-11-26 . 2012-11-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121127224754/http://www.memphistennis.com/news/story-231 . dead .
7. http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2012/04/Features/ATP-Statement-Memphis-Rio-San-Jose.aspx Tennis - ATP World Tour - ATP Approves Event In Rio de Janeiro From 2014
8. Web site: Matt Cronin . San Jose ATP tourney to close; Rio gets event . Tennis.com . April 23, 2012.
9. Web site: New York Evening Post article . 16 February 2015.
10. News: Jean Borotra takes indoor tennis title . April 5, 1925 . D1 . The Brooklyn Daily Eagle . Newspapers.com . limited.