Virgaviridae Explained

Virgaviridae is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} The name of the family is derived from the Latin word virga (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped. There are currently 59 species in this family, divided among seven genera.^[5]

Structure

Genus	Structure	Symmetry !	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Tobamovirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Non-Segmented
Furovirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Segmented
Pecluvirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Segmented
Hordeivirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Segmented
Tobravirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Segmented
Pomovirus	Rod-shaped	Helical	Non-enveloped	Linear	Segmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement, and monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement.Plants serve as the natural host.

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Tobamovirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical
Furovirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical inoculation: fungus
Pecluvirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical inoculation: fungus. Mechanical contact; seed
Hordeivirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical: contact; seed
Tobravirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical inoculation: nematodes
Pomovirus	Plants	None	Unknown	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical inoculation: fungus

Taxonomy

Viruses include in the family Virgaviridae are characterized by unique alpha-like replication proteins.

The following genera are recognized:

• Furovirus
• Goravirus
• Hordeivirus
• Pecluvirus
• Pomovirus
• Tobamovirus
• Tobravirus

External links

• ICTV Online Report: Virgaviridae
• Viralzone: Virgaviridae
• ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Virgaviridae

Notes and References

1. Adams. Michael J.. Adkins. Scott. Bragard. Claude. Gilmer. David. Li. Dawei. MacFarlane. Stuart A.. Wong. Sek-Man. Melcher. Ulrich. Ratti. Claudio. Ryu. Ki Hyun. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Virgaviridae. Journal of General Virology. 1 August 2017. 98. 8. 1999–2000. 10.1099/jgv.0.000884. 28786782. 5656781.
2. Web site: ICTV Report Virgaviridae.
3. Web site: Viral Zone. 15 June 2015. ExPASy.
4. Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972
5. Web site: ICTV. Virus Taxonomy: 2015 Release. 4 June 2016.