Vineyard style explained

The vineyard style is a design of a concert hall where the seating surrounds the stage, rising up in serried rows in the manner of the sloping terraces of a vineyard. It may be contrasted with the shoebox style, which has a rectangular auditorium and a stage at one end (as at the Musikverein). Other possibilities are the fan-shaped (as at the Barbican) and the arena (as at the Royal Albert Hall). The design might be considered a musical theatre in the round.[1] [2] [3]

History

When faced with designing a new home for the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra to replace Die alte Philharmonie, destroyed by bombing in 1944, architect Hans Scharoun observed that "people always gather in circles when listening to music informally".[3] His design won the ensuing competition, with Herbert von Karajan writing to the judges "of all the designs submitted, one seems to stand out above the others... founded on the principle that the performers should be in the middle... the deployment of the walls certainly makes good sense acoustically, but the most impressive of all is the complete concentration of the listener on the musical event".[4]

Following the example of the Berliner Philharmonie, the first example in the New World was the Sala Nezahualcoyotl of 1976 in Mexico City.[5] The style is now found globally.[2] For the Philharmonie de Paris, the vineyard concept is extended with balconies rather than banked terraces.[6]

Acoustics

See main article: Acoustics, Architectural acoustics and Acoustical engineering. Echoes occur when there is an audible gap between the direct sound and its reflection.[7] The walls surrounding the stage on which the seats are banked help provide the early reflections of sound from the side that are generally considered favourable.[8] [3] [2] Installation of acoustic reflectors is another way of solving the problem.[9]

Notable examples

Concert HallExteriorOpenedLocationArchitectAcousticsCapacityAuditorium
1963 Berlin, Germany Lothar Cremer 2440
Gewandhaus[10] 1981 Leipzig, Germany Wolfgang Fasold 1900
Suntory Hall[11] [12] 1986 Yasui Architects 2006
Sapporo Concert Hall[13] 1997 Hokkaido Engineering Consultant Company 2008
Walt Disney Concert Hall[14] 2003 Los Angeles, USA 2265
Muza Kawasaki Symphony Hall[15] 2004 Kawasaki, Japan MHS Planners, Architects & Engineers Ltd.1997
Koncerthuset[16] [17] [18] 2006 Copenhagen, Denmark 1800
Shenzhen Concert Hall[19] [20] 2007 Shenzhen, China 1680
Helsinki Music Centre[21] [22] [23] 2011 Helsinki, Finland Architectural office Laiho-Pulkkinen-Raunio 1704
Philharmonie de Paris[24] 2015 Paris, France 2400
Elbphilharmonie[25] [26] 2017 Hamburg, Germany 2150
National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts[27] [28] 2018 Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2000

External links

Notes and References

  1. Concert hall acoustics—1992 . https://archive.today/20120701163446/http://asadl.org/jasa/resource/1/jasman/v92/i1/p1_s1?isAuthorized=no . dead . 2012-07-01 . Beranek, Leo L. . . . 92 . 1 . 1–39 . 1992 . 1992ASAJ...92....1B . 10.1121/1.404283 .
  2. News: Aspen Ideas Festival: How the vineyard style trumped the shoebox . Adams, Richard . . 2 July 2011 . 5 March 2012.
  3. Web site: Concert Hall Acoustics: Art and Science . . 5 March 2012.
  4. Book: Herbert von Karajan: A Life in Music . Osborne, Richard . . 1998 . 1-55553-425-2 . 475f . registration .
  5. The first vineyard concert hall in North America . https://archive.today/20120708144211/http://asadl.org/jasa/resource/1/jasman/v112/i5/p2255_s4?bypassSSO=1 . dead . 2012-07-08 . Jaffe, Christopher . Rivera, Carlos . . . 112 . 5 . 2255–2256 . 2002 . 2002ASAJ..112.2255J . 10.1121/1.4778988 .
  6. Web site: Making acoustic choices for the future symphony hall . . 5 March 2012.
  7. Book: . Sadie, Stanley . Stanley Sadie . 1 . 70–97 . 2001 . 978-0-19-517067-2.
  8. Early lateral reflections in modern concert halls . https://archive.today/20120707115713/http://asadl.org/jasa/resource/1/jasman/v81/iS1/pS52_s2?bypassSSO=1 . dead . 2012-07-07 . Cremer, Lothar . . . 81 . 1 . 52 . 1987 . 1987ASAJ...81...52F . 10.1121/1.2024280 . free .
  9. Stage acoustics for vineyard concert hall . Wei-hwa Chiang (et al.) . 2010 . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Room Acoustics, ISRA 2010.
  10. Web site: Great Hall. Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. 17 February 2017.
  11. Web site: Suntory Hall - Facilities . . 5 March 2012.
  12. Web site: Suntory Hall . . 5 March 2012.
  13. Web site: Sapporo Concert Hall . . 5 March 2012.
  14. Web site: Walt Disney Concert Hall . . 5 March 2012.
  15. Web site: Muza Kawasaki Symphony Hall - Facilities . Muza Kawasaki Symphony Hall . 1 October 2019.
  16. Web site: Danish Radio Concert Hall, Copenhagen . . 5 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111224182537/http://www.nagata.co.jp/e_sakuhin/kaigai.html#s009 . 24 December 2011 . dead . dmy-all .
  17. News: The new Copenhagen concert hall: It looks seductive and sounds terrific . https://web.archive.org/web/20090214081918/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturecritics/ivanhewett/4513954/The-new-Copenhagen-concert-hall-It-looks-seductive-and-sounds-terrific.html . dead . 14 February 2009 . Hewett, Ivan . . 4 February 2009 . 4 March 2012.
  18. Web site: Koncerthuset - Presentation . . 5 March 2012.
  19. Web site: International Activities - Shenzhen Concert Hall's Symphony Hall, Shenzhen . . 5 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111224182537/http://www.nagata.co.jp/e_sakuhin/kaigai.html#s008 . 24 December 2011 . dead . dmy-all .
  20. Acoustical design of Shenzhen Concert Hall, Shenzhen China . https://archive.today/20120701131911/http://asadl.org/jasa/resource/1/jasman/v123/i5/p2973_s4?bypassSSO=1 . dead . 2012-07-01 . Oguchi Keiji . Toyota Yasuhisa . Yasuhisa Toyota . . . 123 . 5 . 2973 . 2008 . 2008ASAJ..123.2973T . 10.1121/1.2932462 .
  21. Web site: International Activities - Helsinki Music Centre . . 5 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111224182537/http://www.nagata.co.jp/e_sakuhin/kaigai.html#s012 . 24 December 2011 . dead . dmy-all .
  22. Web site: Helsinki's new Music Centre garners rave reviews . . 5 March 2012.
  23. Web site: Helsinki Music Centre Concert Halls and Other Spaces . . 5 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120205135504/http://www.musiikkitalo.fi/web/en/concert-halls-and-other-spaces . 5 February 2012 . dead . dmy-all .
  24. Web site: Making acoustic choices for the future symphony hall . Philharmonie de Paris . 5 March 2012.
  25. Web site: International Activities - Elbephilharmonie, Hamburg . . 5 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111224182537/http://www.nagata.co.jp/e_sakuhin/kaigai.html#s015 . 24 December 2011 . dead . dmy-all .
  26. Web site: Elbphilharmonie - The Project . https://web.archive.org/web/20120118063916/http://www.elbphilharmonie-erleben.de/en/project/ . dead . 18 January 2012 . . 5 March 2012 .
  27. Web site: Wei-Wu-Ying Performing Arts Centre . . 28 October 2019 .
  28. Web site: About Weiwuying . . 28 October 2019 .

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