| En Name: | Vilyuysk |
| Ru Name: | Вилюйск |
| Loc Name1: | Бүлүү |
| Loc Lang1: | Yakut |
| Coordinates: | 63.75°N 159°W |
| Map Label Position: | bottom |
| Image Coa: | Coat of Arms of Viluysk (Yakutia).png |
| Federal Subject: | Sakha Republic |
| Adm District Jur: | Vilyuysky District |
| Adm Selsoviet Jur: | Vilyuysk |
| Adm Selsoviet Type: | Town |
| Adm Ctr Of1: | Vilyuysky District |
| Adm Ctr Of2: | Town of Vilyuysk |
| Inhabloc Cat: | Town |
| Inhabloc Type: | Town under district jurisdiction |
| Mun District Jur: | Vilyuysky Municipal District |
| Urban Settlement Jur: | Vilyuysk Urban Settlement |
| Mun Admctr Of1: | Vilyuysky Municipal District |
| Mun Admctr Of1 Ref: | [1] |
| Mun Admctr Of2: | Vilyuysk Urban Settlement |
| Established Date: | 1634 |
| Current Cat Date: | 1783 |
| Postal Codes: | 678200, 678202, 678219, 678229 |
| Dialing Codes: | 41132 |
| Website: | http://www.vilyuisk.ru |
Vilyuysk (Russian: Вилюйск|p=vʲɪˈlʲʉjsk; Yakut: Бүлүү, Bülüü) is a town and the administrative center of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Vilyuy River (left tributary of the Lena), about 600km (400miles) from Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 10,234.
The first permanent settlement on the site of the present town was a Cossack winter settlement founded in 1634[2] as Tyukanskoye or Verkhnevilyuyskoye.
Members of the peasant rebellion led by Yemelyan Pugachev were exiled to the area in the 1770s, building the new town of Olensk in 1783. The town's name was derived from the Russian word "Russian: олень" (olen), meaning "stag", as still seen in the town's symbols. The town was renamed Vilyuysk after the river on which it stands in 1821.
Kate Marsden visited in 1891 on her mission to treat lepers in the region,[3] and returned in 1897 to establish a hospital.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vilyuysk serves as the administrative center of Vilyuysky District.[4] As an inhabited locality, Vilyuysk is classified as a town under district jurisdiction. As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the selo of Sosnovka), incorporated within Vilyuysky District as the Town of Vilyuysk. As a municipal division, the Town of Vilyuysk is incorporated within Vilyuysky Municipal District as Vilyuysk Urban Settlement.[5]
The Vilyuysk Airport is located near the town.[6]
Vilyuysk has an extremely continental subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). Winters are extremely cold, with January average temperatures about -34.4 °C (-29.9 °F) in January, while summers are warm enough, with average temperatures about 19.2 °С (66.6 °F) in July, summer temperatures is actually quite high for its attitude due to its long distance from the moderating influence of the oceans. Precipitation is quite low, but is significantly higher in summer than at other times of the year.
The minor planet 2890 Vilyujsk, discovered in 1978 by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova, is named after the town.[7]