| Villanueva del Arzobispo | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Flag Size: | 125px |
| Pushpin Map: | Spain Andalusia |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Andalusia |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Spain |
| Subdivision Type1: | Autonomous community |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Jaén |
| Subdivision Type3: | Comarca |
| Subdivision Name3: | Las Villas |
| Subdivision Type4: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name4: | Villanueva del Arzobispo |
| Area Total Km2: | 177.38 |
| Elevation M: | 688 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Coordinates: | 38.1667°N -3°W |
| Website: | Villanueva del Arzobispo - Inicio |
Villanueva del Arzobispo is a city located in the province of Jaén, Spain.[1] According to the 2011 census (INE), the city had a population of 8,924.
The town was first mentioned in the year 1396 owing to a petition made by Pedro Tenorio, archbishop of Toledo, to King Henry III of Castile. Hence the town's name, which means New Town of the Archbishop in Spanish. Before this date, the town was called La Moraleja, adjacent to Iznatoraf and towards the beginning of the 13th century formed part of the conquered territory of Cazorla.
There exist basic forms of the ancient name of the locality, which before being called La Moraleja was called in Arabic Al-Buxarressa, from which La Moraleja derives.
The urban nucleus of Villanueva del Arzobispo is situated next to the mountain of Albercones, to the west, at a crossroads. It presents a mixed picture, with some ancient districts made up of irregular roads and blocks of houses, and others with blocks more or less in a regular pattern which conforms to the more modern extended area. In the ancient quarter, situated in the west part of the centre, there are various roads with steep inclinations. The towns development basically radiated from the centre to the north-east and south-east, following the line marked by the highway 322 and by the way to the park. To the west the presence of the arroyo of the Pozo has prevented further urban expansion.
King Philip II imposed criminal jurisdiction on the town in 1573. However, in the 20th century, the town was given the title of city by King Alfonso XIII in 1920.
With a distinctive artistic history various buildings, places of great ecological importance and enclaves with a rich heritage include:
Agriculture is dominated by the olive. Currently, four grades are used in the work in making the olives into olive oil.
The quality of the waters of the Sierra de Cazorla is considered sufficient for the installation of a mineral water bottling industry.
Other important industries include San Miguel Arcángel and the biomass plant La Loma (generation of energy from olive skins and other olive products).
The cultivation of cereals is very small, and is substituted by the olive.