Villach (National Council electoral district) explained

Villach
Nativename:Slovenian: Beljak
Constituency Type:Electoral District
Parl Name:National Council
Map4:Villach (National Council electoral district).svg
Map Size:250px
Map Entity:Austria
District Label:District
Region Label:State
Region:Carinthia
Population:131,154 (2024)[1]
Electorate:95,989 (2019)
Area:1,144 km2 (2023)[2]
Year:1994
Seats:3 (1994–present)
Members Label:Members

Villach (sl|Beljak), also known as Electoral District 2B (de|Wahlkreis 2B), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created in 1992 when electoral regulations were amended to add regional electoral districts to the existing state-wide electoral districts and came into being at the following legislative election in 1994. It consists of the city of Villach and the district of Villach Rural in the state of Carinthia. The electoral district currently elects three of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 95,989 registered electors.

History

Villach was one 43 regional electoral districts (German: regionalwahlkreise) established by the "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" (German: Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992) passed by the National Council in 1992.[3] It consisted of the city of Villach and the district of Villach Rural in the state of Carinthia.[4] The district was initially allocated three seats in May 1993.[5]

Electoral system

Villach currently elects three of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system.[6] [7] [8] The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages.[9] In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota (German: wahlzahl) (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state).[10] [11] In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats).[10] [11] In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats).[10] [11] Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.[10] [11]

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels.[11] Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated.[11] [12] At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels).[12] Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).[11] [13] [14]

Election results

Summary

Election valign=bottom colspan=3Communists
KPÖ+ / KPÖ !		valign=bottom colspan=3Social Democrats
SPÖ !		valign=bottom colspan=3Greens
GRÜNE !		valign=bottom colspan=3NEOS
NEOS / LiF !		valign=bottom colspan=3People's
ÖVP !		valign=bottom colspan=3Alliance for the Future
BZÖ !		valign=bottom colspan=3Freedom
FPÖ
colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
411 0.60% 0 19,637 28.67% 0 6,871 10.03% 0 4,869 7.11% 0 21,777 31.79% 0 111 0.16% 0 13,172 19.23% 0
398 0.53% 0 23,894 32.00% 0 1,852 2.48% 0 3,265 4.37% 0 17,411 23.32% 0 23,813 31.89% 0
451 0.65% 0 24,406 35.40% 1 8,479 12.30% 0 2,688 3.90% 0 8,052 11.68% 0 6,565 9.52% 0 12,659 18.36% 0
479 0.64% 0 23,747 31.51% 0 5,391 7.15% 0 1,088 1.44% 0 8,689 11.53% 0 28,292 37.54% 1 5,753 7.63% 0
709 1.00% 0 28,350 40.10% 1 5,441 7.70% 0 12,295 17.39% 0 15,924 22.52% 0 5,386 7.62% 0
493 0.65% 0 32,436 42.88% 1 4,968 6.57% 0 670 0.89% 0 19,257 25.46% 0 17,811 23.55% 0
334 0.46% 0 28,498 39.06% 1 4,218 5.78% 0 1,809 2.48% 0 8,852 12.13% 0 28,420 38.95% 1
257 0.34% 0 34,300 45.02% 1 2,733 3.59% 0 2,874 3.77% 0 11,121 14.60% 0 24,316 31.91% 0
216 0.29% 0 31,786 43.30% 1 4,497 6.13% 0 2,941 4.01% 0 9,045 12.32% 0 24,277 33.07% 0

Detailed

2010s

2019

Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:[15] [16]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
ÖVP 9,450 12,241 86 21,777 31.79% 0
SPÖ 8,877 10,706 54 19,637 28.67% 0
FPÖ 5,494 7,634 44 13,172 19.23% 0
GRÜNE 3,492 3,295 84 6,871 10.03% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"NEOS 2,385 2,433 51 4,869 7.11% 0
JETZT 655 603 11 1,269 1.85% 0
KPÖ+ 214 194 3 411 0.60% 0
WANDL 193 188 1 382 0.56% 0
BZÖ 51 59 1 111 0.16% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 30,811 37,353 335 68,499 100.00% 0
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 446 706 4 1,156 1.66%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 31,257 38,059 339 69,655 72.57%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 44,596 51,393 95,989
align=left colspan=3Turnout 70.09% 74.05% 72.57%
2017

Results of the 2017 legislative election held on 15 October 2017:[17] [18]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 10,927 12,863 104 23,894 32.00% 0
FPÖ 10,323 13,401 89 23,813 31.89% 0
ÖVP 7,683 9,630 98 17,411 23.32% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"NEOS 1,637 1,573 55 3,265 4.37% 0
PILZ 1,484 1,389 34 2,907 3.89% 0
GRÜNE 914 906 32 1,852 2.48% 0
GILT 419 443 5 867 1.16% 0
KPÖ 196 199 3 398 0.53% 0
The Whites WEIßE 80 84 2 166 0.22% 0
FLÖ 44 49 0 93 0.12% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 33,707 40,537 422 74,666 100.00% 0
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 388 553 1 942 1.25%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 34,095 41,090 423 75,608 78.46%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 44,782 51,577 96,359
align=left colspan=3Turnout 76.14% 79.67% 78.46%
2013

Results of the 2013 legislative election held on 29 September 2013:[19] [20]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 10,932 13,426 48 24,406 35.40% 1
FPÖ 5,349 7,279 31 12,659 18.36% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 4,289 4,120 70 8,479 12.30% 0
ÖVP 3,340 4,682 30 8,052 11.68% 0
BZÖ 2,818 3,717 30 6,565 9.52% 0
FRANK 2,270 2,838 10 5,118 7.42% 0
NEOS 1,296 1,366 26 2,688 3.90% 0
PIRAT 261 258 3 522 0.76% 0
KPÖ 213 233 5 451 0.65% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 30,768 37,919 253 68,940 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 523 688 0 1,211 1.73%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 31,291 38,607 253 70,151 72.25%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 45,015 52,077 97,092
align=left colspan=3Turnout 69.51% 74.13% 72.25%

The following candidates were elected:[21] [22]

2000s

2008

Results of the 2008 legislative election held on 28 September 2008:[23] [24]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
BZÖ 12,306 15,792 194 28,292 37.54% 1
SPÖ 10,573 13,012 162 23,747 31.51% 0
ÖVP 3,800 4,717 172 8,689 11.53% 0
FPÖ 2,705 2,976 72 5,753 7.63% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 2,792 2,355 244 5,391 7.15% 0
LiF 447 584 57 1,088 1.44% 0
FRITZ 337 396 11 744 0.99% 0
RETTÖ 280 318 6 604 0.80% 0
KPÖ 236 228 15 479 0.64% 0
DC 221 226 9 456 0.61% 0
List Strong STARK 38 22 0 60 0.08% 0
List Karlheinz Klement KHK 32 27 0 59 0.08% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 33,767 40,653 942 75,362 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 656 902 16 1,574 2.05%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 34,423 41,555 958 76,936 78.91%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 45,009 52,484 97,493
align=left colspan=3Turnout 76.48% 79.18% 78.91%

The following candidates were elected:[25] [26]

2006

Results of the 2006 legislative election held on 1 October 2006:[27] [28]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 12,429 14,881 1,040 28,350 40.10% 1
BZÖ 6,591 8,894 439 15,924 22.52% 0
ÖVP 5,201 6,196 898 12,295 17.39% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 2,417 2,318 706 5,441 7.70% 0
FPÖ 2,527 2,634 225 5,386 7.62% 0
MATIN 809 851 50 1,710 2.42% 0
KPÖ 304 352 53 709 1.00% 0
Certainly – Absolutely –
Independent, Franz Radinger 		SAU 324 242 25 591 0.84% 0
NFÖ 108 124 8 240 0.34% 0
List Strong STARK 20 38 1 59 0.08% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 30,730 36,530 3,445 70,705 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 581 910 50 1,541 2.13%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 31,311 37,440 3,495 72,246 76.81%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 43,665 50,399 94,064
align=left colspan=3Turnout 71.71% 74.29% 76.81%

The following candidates were elected:[29] [30]

2002

Results of the 2002 legislative election held on 24 November 2002:[31] [32]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 14,463 16,947 1,026 32,436 42.88% 1
ÖVP 8,127 9,768 1,362 19,257 25.46% 0
FPÖ 7,581 9,675 555 17,811 23.55% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 2,183 1,955 830 4,968 6.57% 0
LiF 314 315 41 670 0.89% 0
KPÖ 220 256 17 493 0.65% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 32,888 38,916 3,831 75,635 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 634 849 34 1,517 1.97%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 33,522 39,765 3,865 77,152 83.95%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 42,762 49,144 91,906
align=left colspan=3Turnout 78.39% 80.92% 83.95%

The following candidates were elected:[33] [34]

1990s

1999

Results of the 1999 legislative election held on 3 October 1999:[35] [36]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 12,286 15,145 1,067 28,498 39.06% 1
FPÖ 12,610 14,614 1,196 28,420 38.95% 1
ÖVP 3,562 4,712 578 8,852 12.13% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 1,938 1,789 491 4,218 5.78% 0
LiF 769 691 349 1,809 2.48% 0
DU 302 289 26 617 0.85% 0
KPÖ 163 157 14 334 0.46% 0
No to NATO and EU –
Neutral Austria Citizens' Initiative 		NEIN 97 110 8 215 0.29% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 31,727 37,507 3,729 72,963 100.00% 2
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 475 668 30 1,173 1.58%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 32,202 38,175 3,759 74,136 80.79%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 42,608 49,160 91,768
align=left colspan=3Turnout 75.58% 77.65% 80.79%

The following candidates were elected:[37] [38]

1995

Results of the 1995 legislative election held on 17 December 1995:[39] [40]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 15,389 17,946 965 34,300 45.02% 1
FPÖ 10,727 12,831 758 24,316 31.91% 0
ÖVP 4,795 5,610 716 11,121 14.60% 0
LiF 1,231 1,175 468 2,874 3.77% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 1,142 1,146 445 2,733 3.59% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria 		NEIN 168 202 20 390 0.51% 0
KPÖ 117 132 8 257 0.34% 0
The Best Party DBP 89 108 8 205 0.27% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 33,658 39,150 3,388 76,196 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 773 964 42 1,779 2.28%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 34,431 40,114 3,430 77,975 86.18%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 42,114 48,363 90,477
align=left colspan=3Turnout 81.76% 82.94% 86.18%

The following candidates were elected:[41] [42]

1994

Results of the 1994 legislative election held on 9 October 1994:[43] [44]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Villach
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 13,777 16,813 1,196 31,786 43.30% 1
FPÖ 10,678 12,524 1,075 24,277 33.07% 0
ÖVP 3,644 4,874 527 9,045 12.32% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 2,012 1,856 629 4,497 6.13% 0
LiF 1,376 1,117 448 2,941 4.01% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria 		NEIN 160 195 23 378 0.51% 0
KPÖ 95 108 13 216 0.29% 0
The Best Party DBP 65 71 9 145 0.20% 0
United Greens Austria – List Adi Pinter VGÖ 50 60 7 117 0.16% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 31,857 37,618 3,927 73,402 100.00% 1
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 575 778 34 1,387 1.85%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 32,432 38,396 3,961 74,789 82.48%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 42,181 48,489 90,670
align=left colspan=3Turnout 76.89% 79.18% 82.48%

The following candidates were elected:[45] [46]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn nach Politischen Bezirken bzw. Wiener Gemeindebezirken seit 2002 . . 9 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  2. Web site: Stadtgebiet nach Nutzungsklassen und Gemeindebezirken . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240625151846/https://www.wien.gv.at/statistik/ogd/jahrbuch/stadtraum/tab_1.1.2_stadtgebiet_.csv . 25 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  3. 471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1885 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  4. 471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1917 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  5. 322. Kundmachung des Bundesministers für Inneres über die Zahl der auf jeden Wahlkreis entfallenden Mandate für die Wahl des Nationalrates . . 11 May 1993 . 1993 . 118 . 2707 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20231029000533/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1993_322_0/1993_322_0.pdf . 29 October 2023 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  6. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Wahlkreiseinteilung . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240421071143/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Wahlkreiseinteilung.aspx . 21 April 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  7. Web site: Austrian National Council 2019 General . Election Guide . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240228065006/https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3350/ . 28 February 2024 . Arlington, U.S.A..
  8. Web site: Electoral Assistance: ElecData, Compendium of Electoral Data - Austria . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240403205755/https://www.coe.int/en/web/electoral-assistance/elecdata-austria . 3 April 2024 . Strasbourg, France.
  9. Book: Müller . Wolfgang C. . Gallagher . Michael . Mitchell . Paul . The Politics of Electoral Systems . 15 September 2005 . . Oxford, UK . 9780191603280 . 396–416 . 10 July 2024 . Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects.
  10. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Überblick . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231231143451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/ . 31 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  11. Web site: Reimink . Elwin . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Austria . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945 . Jean-Benoit Pilet and Alan Renwick . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240226131754/https://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_764/FILE/Austria_summary.pdf . 26 February 2024 . 7–8.
  12. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Vorzugsstimmen . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240119191451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Vorzugsstimmen.aspx . 19 January 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  13. Web site: Demokratiepaket soll Kluft zwischen Politik und Bürgern reduzieren . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 31 January 2013.
  14. Web site: Bundesrat befürwortet Stärkung des Persönlichkeitswahlrechts . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 5 April 2013.
  15. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene und Landeswahlkreiseben . . 7 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211115124851/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2019/files/endgultiges_Gesamtergebnis_NRW19_16102019.xlsx . 15 November 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  16. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Kärnten - Regionalwahlkreis Villach . Bundeswahlen . . 27 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240825125641/https://www.bundeswahlen.gv.at/2019/2B.html . 25 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  17. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233208/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2017/files/NRW17_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 6 December 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  18. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Kärnten - Regionalwahlkreis Villach . Bundeswahlen . . 27 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240825125643/https://www.bundeswahlen.gv.at/2017/2B.html . 25 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  19. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210129221519/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/NRW13_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 29 January 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  20. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Kärnten - Regionalwahlkreis Villach . Bundeswahlen . . 27 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  21. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205082043/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/Land_VZ_Broschuere_gesamt.pdf . 5 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 37 . de.
  22. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 27 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  23. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 16 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220228132617/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Ergebnis_end.zip . 28 February 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  24. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Kärnten - Regionalwahlkreis Villach . Bundeswahlen . . 27 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240825125722/https://www.bundeswahlen.gv.at/2008/wk_2B.htm . 25 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  25. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225140442/https://bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Vorzugsstimmen/NRW_08_VZ_Regional.pdf . 25 February 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 7 . de.
  26. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 27 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  27. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Regionalwahlkreisebene, Landeswahlkreisebene, Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200717055718/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_EndergebnisE.xls . 17 July 2020 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  28. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Mandatsspiegel . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210508075453/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_MandatsspiegelV.pdf . 8 May 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
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