| Honorific-Prefix: | The Honorable |
| Vicente Ericta | |
| Office: | 99th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines |
| Appointer: | Ferdinand Marcos |
| Term Start: | November 20, 1981 |
| Term End: | May 11, 1982 |
| Predecessor2: | Ruperto Martin |
| Successor2: | Hugo Gutierrez Jr. |
| Birth Date: | 15 February 1915 |
| Birth Place: | Laoag, Ilocos Norte, Philippine Islands |
| Education: | University of the Philippines University of the Philippines |
Vicente G. Ericta (February 15, 1915 - February 18, 2007) was a former associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He was sworn in as a member of the Supreme Court by President Ferdinand Marcos on November 20, 1981, but resigned on May 11, 1982[1] after being involved in a scandal over the admission of his son as a lawyer, in a case that also saw the resignation of the entire Supreme Court.
Born in Laoag, Ilocos Norte on February 15, 1915, Ericta finished his elementary and secondary education in Ilocos Norte. He obtained his pre-law degree and law degree from the University of the Philippines College of Law where he graduated in 1939.[1] He was a classmate of Ferdinand Marcos, who later appointed him to government positions during his presidency.[2]
During the Second World War, he was appointed as military mayor of Laoag.[1]
Ericta's career in the judiciary began in 1946, when he was appointed as Assistant Provincial Fiscal (prosecutor) of Ilocos Norte. He then became a judge in Pagadian, Zamboanga del Sur in 1966 and later held judgeships in Rizal and Quezon City. In 1975, he joined the Court of Appeals as an associate justice before being appointed by President Marcos as Tanodbayan (predecessor of the Ombudsman of the Philippines) in 1979. In 1981, he was appointed as an associate justice of the Supreme Court. At the same time, Ericta also taught law at the Northwestern College of Law in Laoag.[1]
Ericta's tenure in the Supreme Court was cut short after he was implicated in a scandal over the conduct of the 1981 Philippine Bar Examinations that were overseen by the court. In March 1982, Associate Justice Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera publicly said that the mercantile law grades of Ericta's son Gustavo, who took the examination, was changed from 56 to 58 percent prior to publication of the test results to enable him to pass with a general average of 73 and become a fully-pledged lawyer. Chief Justice Enrique Fernando subsequently admitted ordering the revision in the younger Ericta's grade but denied allegations of unethical behavior, saying that it was done to correct an "oversight" by the examiner upon the advice of justices Ramon Aquino and Ramon Fernandez, who were prematurely shown Ericta's grades, and citing a similar predicament with one of his sons, who died shortly after passing the bar exam.[3] [4]
Following public uproar and demands for their impeachment,[5] all 14 members of the Supreme Court, including six justices who were not directly involved in the grade tampering, submitted their resignation to President Marcos on May 11.[6] [7] All of them were subsequently reappointed days later by Marcos, except for Ericta and Fernandez, who were both "found responsible" for the scandal by a group of former justices advising the president.[8]
Ericta died in 2007.[1]