Vice President of Brazil explained

Post:Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil
Insignia:Coat of arms of Brazil.svg
Insigniasize:100px
Insigniacaption:Coat of arms of Brazil
Flag:Flag of the Vice President of Brazil.svg
Flagcaption:Vice presidential standard
Flagsize:150px
Incumbent:Geraldo Alckmin
Incumbentsince:January 1, 2023
Status:Second highest executive branch officer
Style:Mr. Vice President[1]
(informal)
The Most Excellent and His Excellency
(formal)
Appointer:Direct popular vote (two rounds if necessary)
Termlength:Four years, renewable once consecutively
Seat:Brasilia
Member Of:Cabinet
National Defense Council
Residence:Palácio do Jaburu
Department:Federal government of Brazil
Succession:First
Constituting Instrument:Constitution of Brazil
Inaugural:Floriano Peixoto
Salary:R$ 39,293.32 per month[2]

The vice president of Brazil (Portuguese: Vice-Presidente do Brasil), officially the vice president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Vice-Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil), or simply the vice president of the republic (Vice-Presidente da República) is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The vice president's primary role is to replace the president in the event of their death, resignation, or impeachment, and to temporarily take over the presidential powers and duties while the president is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to carry out their duties. The vice president is elected jointly with the president as their running mate.

The office has existed since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, although it was only officially instituted as of the 1891 Constitution. It has been in place throughout all of Brazil's republican history, save for the fifteen years of the Vargas Era when it was officially abolished.

Requirements

The requirements to run for the office of vice president are exactly those of the presidency itself. In addition to the ordinary requirements to run for political office in Brazil, under the terms of article 14 of the Constitution, a candidate for the vice presidency must be a natural-born citizen of Brazil (which under certain circumstances may include the offspring of one or two Brazilian parents living abroad) and be at least 35 years of age.

Election and tenure

The president and the vice president are elected on a single ticket for a four-year term and are inaugurated on January 1 of the year following that of the election. Both may be re-elected for a subsequent term.

Vice presidents succeeding a sitting president may be reelected for an additional term. However, the vice president is not eligible to run for a second full term, as under Brazilian law any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. Due to the wording of the constitution's provisions on term limits, whenever the vice president serves as acting president when the president is either abroad or suspended from office as a result of impeachment, it counts as a partial term.

Workplace and official residence

The vice president works in an annex building of the Palácio do Planalto. The official residence of the vice president is the Palácio do Jaburu, inaugurated in 1977.

Ascension to the presidency

Since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, eight vice presidents have been called upon to replace former presidents: four due to death of the incumbent (Nilo Peçanha, Delfim Moreira, Café Filho, and José Sarney), two due to resignation (Floriano Peixoto and João Goulart), and two due to impeachment conviction (Itamar Franco and Michel Temer).

List of vice presidents

PortraitName
(Birth–Death)
TermPartyElectionPresident
1Floriano Peixoto
(1839–1895)
February 26, 1891

November 23, 1891
Unaffiliated1891Deodoro da Fonseca
Floriano Peixoto
2Manuel Vitorino
(1853–1902)
November 15, 1894

November 15, 1898
PRF
(Federal)
1894Prudente de Morais
3Rosa e Silva
(1857–1929)
November 15, 1898

November 15, 1902
Unaffiliated1898Campos Sales
Rodrigues Alves
4Afonso Pena
(1847–1909)
June 17, 1903

November 15, 1906
PRM1903
5Nilo Peçanha
(1867–1924)
November 15, 1906

June 14, 1909
PRF
(Fluminense)
1906Afonso Pena
Nilo Peçanha
6Venceslau Brás
(1868–1966)
November 15, 1910

November 15, 1914
PRM1910Hermes da Fonseca
7Urbano Santos
(1859–1922)
November 15, 1914

November 15, 1918
PRM1914Venceslau Brás
8Delfim Moreira
(1868–1920)
November 15, 1918

January 16, 1919
PRM1918Rodrigues Alves
Delfim Moreira
8Delfim Moreira
(1868–1920)
July 28, 1919

July 1, 1920
PRM1918Epitácio Pessoa
colspan=7
9Bueno de Paiva
(1861–1928)
November 10, 1920

November 15, 1922
PRM1920
10Estácio Coimbra
(1872–1937)
November 15, 1922

November 15, 1926
UnaffiliatedArtur Bernardes
11Melo Viana
(1878–1954)
November 15, 1926

October 24, 1930
PRM1926Washington Luís
Military junta of 1930
Getúlio Vargas
José Linhares
Eurico Gaspar Dutra
12Nereu Ramos
(1888–1958)
September 19, 1946

January 31, 1951
PSD1946
13Café Filho
(1899–1970)
January 31, 1951

August 24, 1954
PSP1950Getúlio Vargas
Café Filho
Carlos Luz
Nereu Ramos
14João Goulart
(1919–1976)
January 31, 1956

August 25, 1961
PTB1955
1960
Juscelino Kubitschek
Jânio Quadros
Ranieri Mazzilli
João Goulart
Ranieri Mazzilli
15José Maria Alkmin
(1901–1974)
April 15, 1964

March 15, 1967
PSD1964Castelo Branco
ARENA
16Pedro Aleixo
(1901–1975)
March 15, 1967

August 31, 1969
ARENA1966Costa e Silva
Military junta of 1969
17Augusto Rademaker
(1905–1985)
October 30, 1969

March 15, 1974
ARENA1969Emílio Médici
18Adalberto Pereira dos Santos
(1905–1984)
March 15, 1974

March 15, 1979
ARENA1974Ernesto Geisel
19Aureliano Chaves
(1929–2003)
March 15, 1979

March 15, 1985
ARENA1978João Figueiredo
PDS
PFL
20José Sarney
(1930)
March 15, 1985

April 21, 1985
PMDB1985Tancredo Neves
(president-elect)
José Sarney
21Itamar Franco
(1929–2011)
March 15, 1990

December 29, 1992
PRN1990Fernando Collor
PMDB
Itamar Franco
22Marco Maciel
(1940–2021)
January 1, 1995

January 1, 2003
PFL1994
1998
Fernando Henrique Cardoso
23José Alencar
(1931–2011)
January 1, 2003

January 1, 2011
PL2002
2006
Lula da Silva
PRB
24Michel Temer
(1940)
January 1, 2011

August 31, 2016
PMDB2010
2014
Dilma Rousseff
Michel Temer
25Hamilton Mourão
(1953)
January 1, 2019

January 1, 2023
PRTB2018Jair Bolsonaro
Republicans
26Geraldo Alckmin
(1952)
January 1, 2023

Incumbent
PSB2022Lula da Silva

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Decreto nº 9.758, de 11 de abril de 2019 . Diário Oficial da União . Impressa Nacional. pt. 11 April 2019. 4 February 2021. 5. 70–A. 1677-7042.
  2. Web site: Saiba quanto passa a ser o salário do presidente, vice, ministros e governadores. CNN Brasil. pt-br. Pedro. Zanatta. 1 January 2023. 19 October 2023.