Veszprém Explained

Veszprém
Settlement Type:City with county rights
Nickname:City of Queens
Named For:Bezprym of Poland
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Region
Subdivision Name1:Central Transdanubia
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Veszprém
Subdivision Type3:District
Subdivision Name3:Veszprém
Established Title1:Established
Established Date1:9th century AD
Established Title2:City status
Established Date2:1870
Timezone:CET
Utc Offset:+1
Timezone Dst:CEST
Utc Offset Dst:+2
Pushpin Map:Hungary Veszprém#Hungary
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Gyula Porga (Fidesz - KDNP)
Leader Title1:Deputy Mayor
Leader Title2:Town Notary
Leader Name2:Dr Gábor Mohos
Area Total Km2:126.93
Elevation M:266
Population Total:56,927[1]
Population Rank:16th
Population As Of:January 1, 2017
Population Urban:133,880 (13th)[2]
Population Density Km2:448.49
Population Demonym:veszprémi
Demographics Type1:Population by ethnicity
Demographics1 Footnotes:[3]
Demographics1 Title1:Hungarians
Demographics1 Info1:83.9%
Demographics1 Title2:Germans
Demographics1 Info2:2.4%
Demographics1 Title3:Gypsies
Demographics1 Info3:0.7%
Demographics1 Title4:Romanians
Demographics1 Info4:0.1%
Demographics1 Title5:Serbs
Demographics1 Info5:0.1%
Demographics1 Title6:Slovaks
Demographics1 Info6:0.1%
Demographics1 Title7:Armenians
Demographics1 Info7:0.1%
Demographics1 Title8:Bulgarians
Demographics1 Info8:0.1%
Demographics1 Title9:Polish
Demographics1 Info9:0.1%
Demographics1 Title10:Ukrainians
Demographics1 Info10:0.1%
Demographics1 Title11:Others
Demographics1 Info11:1.5%-->
Demographics Type2:Population by religion
Demographics2 Title1:Roman Catholic
Demographics2 Info1:38.9%
Demographics2 Title2:Greek Catholic
Demographics2 Info2:0.3%
Demographics2 Title3:Calvinists
Demographics2 Info3:7.0%
Demographics2 Title4:Lutherans
Demographics2 Info4:2.1%
Demographics2 Title5:Other
Demographics2 Info5:1.4%
Demographics2 Title6:Non-religious
Demographics2 Info6:20.6%
Demographics2 Title7:Unknown
Demographics2 Info7:29.6%
Postal Code Type:Postal code
Postal Code:8200
Area Code Type:Area code
Area Code:(+36) 88
Coordinates:47.093°N 17.9138°W
Blank6 Name Sec1:Airport
Blank6 Info Sec1:Veszprém
Blank2 Name:Distance from Budapest
Blank1 Info Sec1:HU213
Blank3 Name Sec2:MP
Blank3 Info Sec2:Péter Ovádi (Fidesz)

Veszprém (in Hungarian pronounced as /ˈvɛspreːm/; German: Weißbrünn, Czech: Bezpřím, Slovak: Bezprím, Slovenian: Belomost) is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately 150NaN0 north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.

Etymology

The city's name derives from the West Slavic-language personal name Bezprem or Bezprym (Proto-Slavic Bezprěmъ) which translates literally to "stubborn", "self-confident, not willing to retreat".[4] Besprem (before 1002), Vezprem (1086), Bezpremensis (1109).[4] The form Vezprem originates in early medieval scribal habits and frequent exchange of B and V under the influence of the Greek language.[4]

The city was named either after a chieftain, or the son of Judith of Hungary, who settled here after her husband Boleslaus I of Poland expelled her and her son.

Location and legend

The city can be reached via the M7 highway and Road 8. It can also be reached from Győr via Road 82 and from Székesfehérvár via Road 8.

According to legend, Veszprém was founded on seven hills. The seven hills are Várhegy (Castle Hill), Benedek-hegy (St. Benedict Hill), Jeruzsálem-hegy (Jerusalem Hill), Temetőhegy (Cemetery Hill), Gulyadomb (Herd Hill), Kálvária-domb (Calvary Hill), and Cserhát.

History

Anonymus Belæ Regis Notarius (the anonymous notary of King Béla III) wrote that a castle already stood here when the Hungarians first occupied the area. The castle was probably a 9th-century Frankish fortress. The castles of Veszprém, Esztergom and Székesfehérvár, were the earliest Hungarian stone castles, which had already been built during the reign of High Prince Géza, a time when motte castles were much more common.

Veszprém had an important religious role during the struggle to make Christianity the official religion of Hungary - Stephen I of Hungary defeated the armies of his chief opponent, Koppány, near Veszprém. The city became the first episcopal seat of Hungary in 1009 and an archiepiscopal seat in 1993. Comitatus Veszprém was one of the earliest historical counties of Hungary.

Veszprém was the favorite city of Queen Gisela, the wife of St. Stephen. For centuries, the queens of Hungary were crowned by the bishop of Veszprém. The city is still often called "the city of queens". In the year 1294 Queen Fenenna confirmed that, at that time, the former Queen Elizabeth had the privilege to collect the donations of the church in the Veszprém County.

Veszprém was among the first Hungarian cities to have a university - students studied law and arts here for several centuries. The university was destroyed by fire in 1276, when Peter I Csák invaded and devastated the Diocese of Veszprém. Veszprém became a university town again in the 20th century.

Veszprém changed hands between Austrians and Ottomans until 1684 after the Battle of Mohács in 1526. It was known as 'Pespirim' and was a sanjak centre in Budin Province during Ottoman rule.

The town was plundered by the Turks in 1552, but they could not maintain occupation: the region north of Lake Balaton remained in the Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867) (captaincy between Balaton and Drava). The castle was demolished in 1706. Until 1918, VESZPRIM (also named WESZPRIM and WESPRIM near 1850, and WEISSBRUNN in German) was part of the Austrian monarchy/Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of Hungary;[5] in Transleithania after the compromise of 1867 in the Kingdom of Hungary. Between 16 August and 4 October 1919, Romanian troops occupied the city under colonel Constantin Neagu and major Alexander Totescu.[6]

During World War II, Veszprém was captured by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front on 23 March 1945 in the course of the Vienna Offensive.

Economy

The Hungarian automotive plastic spare parts manufacturer Videoton Plastic[7] (part of Videoton), the Hungarian kiosk manufacturer Kiosksystems,[8] the Hungarian shutter manufacturer Roll-Lux,[9] the Hungarian label manufacturer Imprenta,[10] the Hungarian tool manufacturer Solidsteel,[11] the Hungarian technical ceramics manufacturer Bakony Ipari Kerámia,[12] the Hungarian furniture manufacturer Balaton Bútor,[13] the Hungarian machine manufacturer Flexmont,[14] the Hungarian watermanagement company PureAqua,[15] the Hungarian automotive spare parts manufacturer Win-Pres,[16] the Hungarian construction company VEMÉVSZER,[17] the Hungarian metal manufacturer Ferro-Trio,[18] the Hungarian OOK Printhouse,[19] the Hungarian toolmanufacturer Plasticor,[20] the Hungarian machine manufacturer Transmoduls,[21] the Hungarian Prospektus Printhouse[22] have both their headquarters and main production facilities in Veszprém.

The French pharmaceutical company Citoxlab,[23] the Austrian plaster manufacturer Lasselsberger-Knauf,[24] the Swiss electric motor manufacturer Maxon Motor,[25] the Austrian tile manufacturer Bramac,[26] the French automotive spare parts manufacturer Valeo,[27] the German electromagnetical controlsystems manufacturer nass magnet,[28] the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Continental AG,[29] the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Thun,[30] the German sensor manufacturer Pepperl+Fuchs,[31] the Austrian chimney and ventilation system manufacturer Schiedel,[32] the American power supply security company CoreComm,[33] the German sensor manufacturer Balluff,[34] the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Jost,[35] the German health devices manufacturer Beurer,[36] the British-Dutch food producer Unilever[37] and the Hungarian dairy product manufacturer Pannontej[38] operate production plants in the city.

The Dutch General Logistics Systems,[39] the Hungarian Magyar Posta, the German Penny Market,[40] the Hungarian Locargo[41] and the Austrian Persped[42] have logistics centres there.

The Hungarian owned Vöröskő electrical retailer (holder of the brand Euronics in Hungary) is also based in the city.

The Veszprém Aréna provides place besides sport events for exhibitions and conferences.[43]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census beside the 83.9% Hungarian majority the city has a historical German minority numbering 2.4% of the population. The second largest ethnic group is the Roma with 0.7%. The others are all marginal.[44]

The religious affiliation of the citizens has a Catholic majority with 38.9% Roman Catholic and 0.3% Greek Catholic. The Calvinists (7.0%) have the second, the Lutherans (2.1%) the third largest denomination in the city. 20.6% are not religious.[3]

Politics

The current mayor of Veszprém is Gyula Porga (Fidesz-KDNP).

The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2019 local government elections, is made up of 18 members (1 Mayor, 12 Individual constituencies MEPs and 5 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances:[45]

PartySeatsCurrent Municipal Assembly
 Fidesz-KDNP11M          
 Opposition coalition7           

Public transport

The city's public transportation consists exclusively of buses, which are run by the city-funded company V-Busz. 30 bus lines run throughout the city, including lines 44 and 45 which are night buses. All buses are easily recognizable even from a distance due to their purple livery. Tickets can be purchased on the buses, from ticket machines across the city and at bus stations from the ticket desks. V-Busz took over the city's public transportation in 2018 from the regional, state-funded bus company (ÉNYKK) due to a lack of funding and an old rolling stock of buses, some of which were from the mid 80s.

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary. Veszprém is twinned with:[46]

Tourism

References

Notes

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://nepesseg.com/veszprem/veszprem#3 2017. év: Magyarország állandó lakosságának száma az év első napján (2017. január 1.) XLS táblázat. Nyilvantarto.hu (Hozzáférés: 2017. április 6.)
  2. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en Eurostat, 2016
  3. http://www.ksh.hu/apps/hntr.telepules?p_lang=EN&p_id=11767 KSH - Veszprém, 2011
  4. Book: Krajčovič, Rudolf . Rudolf Krajčovič. Živé kroniky slovenských dejín. Living Chronicles of the Slovak History. 61 . Literárne informačné centrum. Bratislava. 2005. sk . 80-88878-99-3.
  5. Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850-1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.
  6. Nagy, S. (2010). The Romanian occupation of Veszprém in 1919. Veszprémi Szemle, 12(3-4), 30.
  7. http://www.plastic.videoton.hu Videoton plastic
  8. http://kiosksystems.eu/cegunkrol/bemutatkozas.html Kiosksystems - Cégünkről - Bemutatkozás
  9. http://roll-lux.hu/jo-tudni/tortenetunk/ Roll-Lux - Történetünk
  10. http://imprenta.hu/index.php/cegtortenet Imprenta - Cégtörténet
  11. http://solidsteel.hu Solidsteel - Főoldal
  12. https://www.veol.hu/allasborze-rovat/bakony-ipari-keramia-kft-x-2236519/ Bakony Ipari Kerámia - veol.hu - HIRDETÉS March 1, 2018
  13. http://balaton-butor.hu/balaton-butor?lang=hu Balaton Bútor
  14. http://flexmont.hu/Magunkrol - Flexmont
  15. http://pureaqua.hu/en/pureaqua-en/about-us PureAqua
  16. http://win-pres.hu Win-Pres
  17. http://www.vemevszer.hu/A-VEMEVSZER VEMÉVSZER
  18. http://www.ferrotrio.hu Ferro-Trio
  19. http://ookpress.hu/hu/rolunk OOK Nyomda - Rólunk
  20. http://www.plasticor.hu/aboutus/ Plasticor - About Us
  21. https://transmoduls.hu/en/company-information Transmoduls - About Us
  22. http://prospektusnyomda.hu/en/company-profile/history/ Prospektus Nyomda - Company profile - History
  23. https://www.citoxlab.com/en/contacts-en/ Citoxlab - Contact Us
  24. http://magyarepitok.hu/iparagi-hirek/2017/08/husz-eve-nem-ugrott-ekkorat-a-veszpremi-epitoipari-gyarto Lasselsberger-Knauf - Húsz éve nem ugrott ekkorát a veszprémi építőipari gyártó - August 3, 2017
  25. https://www.maxonmotor.com/maxon/view/content/production Maxon Motors - Production sites
  26. https://www.bramac.hu/rolunk/a-vallalat.html Bramac - Rólunk - Cégkrónika
  27. http://valeo.hu Valeo
  28. http://www.nassmagnet.de/en/unternehmen/unternehmensstruktur.html nass magnet
  29. https://www.continental-corporation.com/en/locations/veszprém-29864 - Continental AG - Veszprém
  30. http://www.thun-automotive.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67&Itemid=77&lang=en Thun - Locations
  31. https://www.pepperl-fuchs.com/hungary/hu/25.htm Pepperl-Fuchs
  32. https://www.schiedel.com/hu/ Schiedel
  33. http://corecommsi.hu/cegunkrol.html CoreComm - Cégünkről
  34. https://www.balluff.com/local/hu/contact/ Balluff
  35. http://www.jost-hungaria.com/vallalat/cegtoertenet.html Jost - Vállalat - Cégtörénet
  36. https://www.beurer.com/web/en/beurer/sites/sites.php Beurer - Company - sites
  37. https://www.unilever.hu/about/who-we-are/gyaraink/veszpremi-jegkremgyar/ Unilever - Ice Cream Factory
  38. https://pannontej.hu/#rolunk Pannontej - Rólunk
  39. https://gls-group.eu/HU/hu/csomagpont-kereses GLS
  40. http://magyarepitok.hu/mi-epul/2017/10/59-uzletet-szolgal-ki-veszpremi-logisztikai-kozpontjabol-a-penny-market 59 üzletet szolgál ki új veszprémi logisztikai központjából a Penny Market - October 17, 2017
  41. https://locargo.eu/en/ Locargo
  42. https://persped.hu/rolunk Persped - Rólunk
  43. http://www.veszpremarena.hu/hu/Konferenciak-Eskuvok/Konferencia-helyszin Veszprém Aréna
  44. http://www.ksh.hu/apps/hntr.telepules?p_lang=EN&p_id=11767 KSH - Veszprém, 2011
  45. Web site: Városi közgyűlés tagjai 2019-2024 - Veszprém (Veszprém megye). valasztas.hu. 2019-11-24.
  46. Web site: Nemzetközi kapcsolatok. veszprem.hu. Veszprém. hu. 2021-03-31.