| Vermilion River | |
| Pushpin Map: | Canada Ontario |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the mouth of the Vermilion River in Ontario |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Canada |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Ontario |
| Subdivision Type3: | Region |
| Subdivision Name3: | Northwestern Ontario |
| Subdivision Type4: | District |
| Subdivision Name4: | Kenora |
| Length: | 30km (20miles) |
| Source1: | Highstone Lake |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 50.3939°N -91.5408°W |
| Source1 Elevation: | 366m (1,201feet) |
| Mouth: | Lac Seul |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 50.4181°N -91.8364°W |
| Mouth Elevation: | 357m (1,171feet) |
| River System: | Hudson Bay drainage basin |
The Vermilion River is a river in the Hudson Bay drainage basin in Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. The river begins at Highstone Lake and reaches its mouth at Brechin Bay on Lac Seul, about 35km (22miles) north of the town of Sioux Lookout, which flows via the English River, Winnipeg River and Nelson River to Hudson Bay.