Vasko Lipovac Explained

Vasko Lipovac
Birth Date:14 June 1931
Birth Place:Kotor, Yugoslavia (now Montenegro)
Death Place:Split, Republic of Croatia
Nationality:Croat
Field:Sculpture, Painting, Drawing, Printmaking, Illustration, Scenography
Training:Academy of Applied Arts, Zagreb
Academy of Fine Arts, Zagreb
Kosta Angeli Radovani
Željko Hegedušić
Krsto Hegedušić
Works:

Vasko Lipovac (14 June 1931  - 4 July 2006) was a Yugoslavian and Croatian painter, sculptor, printmaker, designer, illustrator and scenographer[1] [2] and one of the most prominent artists of the region.[3] He is best known for his minimalist figuration and use of intense, unmodulated and often dissonant palette.[4] With the exception of his juvenile period of geometric abstraction, he remained loyal to figuration throughout his whole career. Exceptionally prolific, he worked in various techniques and was equally skilful in using high-polished metal, polychromous wood, enamel, terracotta or polyester to create his sculptures, reliefs and mobiles.[5]

Biography

Vasko Lipovac was born on June 14, 1931, in Škaljari, a small coastal settlement near Kotor in Montenegro. He was the youngest of five children in a very harmonious family of a prosperous merchant and a shipping agent Spasoje Lipovac and Antica Lui, the daughter of a respectable landowner Maksimilijan Lui.[6] He attended Real Grammar School in Kotor, where his drawing teacher was Mato Đuranović (1895–1973), the painter who inspired his students with the bright, shiny colors of his works.[7]

After graduating from the secondary school, he moved to Zagreb, Croatia in 1950 and enrolled in the Academy of Applied Arts. During this period of the early 1950s, many future prominent artists attended Zagreb Academy of Applied Arts, such as Zlatko Bourek, Jagoda Buić, Ante Sony Jakić, Zvonimir Lončarić, Mladen Pejaković, Ordan Petlevski and Pavao Štalter.[8] [9] Lipovac initially chose sculpture, in the class of Kosta Angeli Radovani, but during sophomore year (1951/1952) he switched to painting, where his mentor became Željko Hegedušić.[10] In his final year at the Academy Lipovac created his first notable work, a stained glass "Woman with a Cat",[11] now part of the Museum of Arts and Crafts collection.[12]

After graduation, from 1955 to 1959 Lipovac attended the Master's Workshop of professor Krsto Hegedušić.[13] This postgraduate study gave many talented young visual artists, as diverse as Miroslav Šutej and Marina Abramović,[14] much needed freedom and opportunity to explore and use their artistic sensibility.[15] [16] Shortly after joining workshop Lipovac started abstracting human figures, as well as their surroundings, to simple geometric shapes that became a hallmark of his work in following decades. Continuous strides towards radical stylization lead him to a short but very successful foray into geometric abstraction. Towards the end of Lipovac's postgraduate study the Workshop was visited by Peggy Guggenheim, who bought one of his works.[17] This episode was finished off at the end of 1950s with an exhibition in City of York Art Gallery, together with Ordan Petlevski. The exhibition was curated by Hans Hess, and received a positive review from Herbert Read.[18]

In 1959 he married Milena Matas, and they later had three sons.[19] He spent most of the 1960 in the army, and upon returning to Zagreb he spent a year (1964–1966) as an art editor assistant in the magazine “Chemistry in industry”, which was the only full-time job he ever had.[20] [21] In 1965 he had the first solo exhibition, in the Museum of Fine Arts in Split; the exhibition was curated by Kruno Prijatelj,[22] with whom Lipovac established close collaboration over the next two decades, resulting in numerous projects and exhibitions.[23]

Since 1967, Vasko Lipovac lived and worked in Split, Croatia, where the Mediterranean climate inspired him to fulfil his poetic vision, and to create numerous works.[24] Four thematic units have been detected in the work of Lipovac, namely the Mediterranean, sports, the sacral and erotic.[25]

During the whole course of his active life he carried within himself the images of the native landscape of Boka Kotorska and the rich cultural heritage of his home town, while his education in Zagreb provided him with an access to the essential experiences of modernism and figurative autonomy, especially thanks to Kosta Angeli Radovani. So in his work, apart from the early abstract phase, he tried to affirm the contemporary anthropomorphic and associative sculpture and figurative painting, succeeding in evoking the figures and ambiances of recognizably Mediterranean descent.[26] No matter how stylized, that figure is full of life, just like a human being who works, thinks, feels...[27]

He was intrigued by the idea of integrating art with architecture, and especially integration of art into workspace, so he collaborated with numerous architects.[28] Among his most prominent are the collaborations with Bernardo Bernardi (hr),[29] Julije De Luca (hr), Ante Rožić (hr),[30] Vjekoslav Ivanišević, Dinko Kovačić (hr),[31] Lovro Perković (hr), Jerko Rošin (hr),[32] and Ivan Vulić.[33]

Lipovac was twice part of the team, led by architect Branko Silađin, that conceived and designed national pavilions for the World Exhibition. He made paintings that flanked the entrance of the pavilion for Expo '98 in Lisbon,[34] and designed the exterior of the pavilion for Expo 2000 in Hanover, in his trademark minimalist style.[35] Both pavilions are considered to be among the best in their respective Expos, and the pavilion for Hanover Expo was included in the 2010 exhibition Architecture as Landscape: A Morphology of Contemporary Croatian Architecture at London Festival of Architecture.[36] [37]

Exceptionally prolific and equally skillful in various techniques and using wide range of materials, high-polished metal, polychromous wood, enamel, terracotta or polyester to create his sculptures, reliefs and mobiles, his work encompasses many different art forms (drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, illustration as well as set and costume design). As a result, he had almost 100 solo and over 200 group, juried, problem, conceptual, and important invitational exhibitions in Croatia as well as abroad during his life.[38] [39] He gained a great deal of deserved popularity with the wider public and earned an equally high esteem and recognition with the professional critics and received over twenty awards and honors for his sculptures, paintings, graphics, illustrations and public monuments. In May 2006, “Slobodna Dalmacija” awarded him with the lifetime achievement award.

Vasko Lipovac died on July 4, 2006.[40]

In 2015 University of Split's art gallery was renamed University Gallery "Vasko Lipovac".[41]

In theatre

Since the mid-eighties Lipovac has made several highly successful excursions into performing arts and won prestigious Marul award in 1991 for set design.[42] His works in theatre include set, costume and puppet designs:

In art and pop culture

References in popular culture on Vasko Lipovac and his work:

Awards

Lipovac was honored with numerous awards:[66]

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Encyclopedia: Šeparović . Ana . Tomić . Darja . LIPOVAC, Vasko (Vasilije) . April 25, 2016 . hr . Hrvatski biografski leksikon . 2013 . Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža . Zagreb .
  2. Web site: Gelemanović . Mirko . Vasko Lipovac . June 26, 2014.
  3. Book: Pavičić Prijatelj, Ivana . 2013 . Akademski slikar i skulptor Vasko Lipovac vraća se doma . Kotor . hr . Pomorski muzej Crne Gore, Kotor . 4 .
  4. Encyclopedia: Matanić-Živanović . Ksenija . Lipovac, Vasko (Vasilije) . Slaven Ravlić . hr . Hrvatska enciklopedija . 2013 . Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography . Zagreb .
  5. The Erotic Homo Adriaticus: 38 Years of Sex in Vasko Lipovac's Work . Pavičić Prijatelj . Ivana . June 14, 2011 . Days of Open Atelier . Atelier Vasko Lipovac, Split.
  6. Martinović . Jovan . July 2013 . Hommage Vasku Lipovcu . hr . Jedra Boke . 4–5 . 3 July 2014.
  7. Martinović . Jovan . July 2013 . Hommage Vasku Lipovcu . hr . Jedra Boke . 4–5 . 3 July 2014.
  8. Book: Tomić, Ante. Erotika. Profil International d.d.. 2008. 978-953-12-0802-4. Zagreb. 336.
  9. Book: Refleksije Bauhausa: Akademija primijenjenih umjetnosti u Zagrebu, 1949-1955 = Reflections of Bauhaus: the Academy of Applied Arts in Zagreb, 1949-1955. 2019. Galerija Klovićevi dvori. 978-953-271-123-3. Galjer. Jasna. Zagreb. 1178912922. Medić. Ana.
  10. Book: Tomić, Ante . Erotika. 2008 . Profil International d.d. . Zagreb . 340 . 978-953-12-0802-4.
  11. Book: Maković . Zvonko . Vasko Lipovac: Retrospektiva . Medić . Ana . 2017 . Galerija Klovićevi dvori . 978-953-271-104-2 . Zagreb . 11 . 1085621832.
  12. Web site: MUO AthenaPlus Digitalni repozitorij ArhivX. 2022-01-24. athena.muo.hr.
  13. Book: Tomić, Ante . Erotika . 2008 . Profil International d.d. . Zagreb . 337 . 978-953-12-0802-4.
  14. Web site: Iz fundusa galerije Krsto Hegedušić . 2022-03-09 . Gradska galerija Striegl . hr.
  15. News: Jelinčić . Frane . January 27, 1973 . S plohe u prostor . hr . Studio – ilustrirana revija za televiziju, radio, film i kazalište . Zagreb . .
  16. Book: Maković . Zvonko . Vasko Lipovac: Retrospektiva . Medić . Ana . 2017 . Galerija Klovićevi dvori . 978-953-271-104-2 . Zagreb . 11 . 1085621832.
  17. Book: Vasko Lipovac: očaravajuća nedjeljivost radoznalosti: Crnogorska galerija umjetnosti Miodrag Dado Đurić, Cetinje, septembar-oktobar = Vasko Lipovac: the enchanting indivisibility of curiosity. 2016. National Museum of Montenegro. 978-86-85567-60-5. Dabović Pejović. Mirjana. Cetinje. 21. 1220878347.
  18. Book: Vasko Lipovac: Retrospektiva. 2017. Ana Medić, Zvonko Maković, Galerija Klovićevi dvori. 978-953-271-104-2. Zagreb. 1085621832.
  19. News: Zlatar . Pero . March 20, 1976 . Čudesne ptice iz ekrana . hr . Studio – ilustrirana revija za televiziju, radio, film i kazalište . Zagreb . .
  20. Book: Tomić, Ante . Erotika . 2008 . Profil International d.d. . Zagreb . 343 . 978-953-12-0802-4.
  21. Encyclopedia: LIPOVAC, Vasko (Vasilije) . April 25, 2016 . hr . Hrvatski biografski leksikon . 2013 . Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža . Zagreb .
  22. Book: Prancevic, Dalibor. Vasko Lipovac: Rani radovi 1950. - 1965.. 2016. Split. 4.
  23. Maroevic. Tonko. 2014. Vasko Lipovac – A Bridge Between Cultures. Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, Glasnik of the Department of Social Sciences. 22. 87.
  24. Web site: Gelemanović . Mirko . Vasko Lipovac . June 26, 2014.
  25. The Erotic Homo Adriaticus: 38 Years of Sex in Vasko Lipovac's Work . Pavičić Prijatelj . Ivana . June 14, 2011 . Days of Open Atelier . Atelier Vasko Lipovac, Split.
  26. Maroević . Tonko . 2014 . Vasko Lipovac – A Bridge Between Cultures . Glasnik Odjeljenja Društvenih Nauka . 22 . 89 . September 3, 2014.
  27. Web site: Gelemanović . Mirko . Vasko Lipovac . June 26, 2014.
  28. Lipovac . Vasko . Vasko Lipovac . Josip Škunca . Jedan dan veselja Vaska Lipovca . October 26, 1975 . hr . Slobodna Dalmacija . Split . Slobodna Dalmacija d.d..
  29. Ceraj. Iva. 2013. Bernardo Bernardi – The spiritus movens of Early Design in Croatia. Art Bulletin. 63. 119. October 6, 2014.
  30. Web site: Kiš . Patricia . 2020-10-20 . Jadranske hotelske ljeptice na listi remek-djela, a 'Maestral' zaslužuje posebno mjesto . 2022-07-12 . www.jutarnji.hr . hr-hr.
  31. Web site: Cijeli svijet se divio kompleksu Split 3. Šušak Živković. Živana. November 21, 2013. Dalmacija News. hr. October 6, 2014.
  32. News: Rošin . Jerko . March 3, 1974 . Oblik u prostoru, a ne riječ na tabli . hr . Nedjeljna Dalmacija . Split . Slobodna Dalmacija d.d. . 12.
  33. Cambi. Nenad. 2007. Vasku Lipovcu u počast, godinu dana poslije smrti. Mogućnosti: časopis za književnost, umjetnost i kulturne probleme. 4-6. 208–209.
  34. Kiš. Dragutin. 1998. Od Vasca da Game do Vaska Lipovca. Čovjek i prostor. 530-531. 44–45. 0011-0728.
  35. Nadilo. Branko. 2000. Hrvatski paviljon na svjetskoj izložbi u Hannoveru. Građevinar. 52. 345–347. 0350-2465.
  36. Book: Modrčin, Leo. Architecture as landscape: A morphology of contemporary architecture in Croatia. Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Croatia. 2010.
  37. Web site: Croatian Pavilion, EXPO 2005, Aichi. 2022-02-01. worldarchitecture.org.
  38. Book: Graphic Games . Belamarić . Joško . Gelemanović . Mirko . 2007 . Muzej grada Splita . Split . 17.
  39. Web site: Vasko Lipovac, One-man exhibitions . October 11, 2014.
  40. Web site: Gelemanović . Mirko . Vasko Lipovac . June 26, 2014.
  41. Web site: Otvorena Sveučilišna galerija "Vasko Lipovac" :: HRT – Radio Split. 2021-07-15. radio.hrt.hr. hr.
  42. Web site: Premijere hrvatskih kazališta u 2001. godini . September 3, 2016.
  43. Encyclopedia: LIPOVAC, Vasko (Vasilije) . April 25, 2016 . hr . Hrvatski biografski leksikon . 2013 . Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža . Zagreb .
  44. Web site: Marulovi dani 1991 . September 3, 2016.
  45. News: Fiamengo . Jakša . 10 July 1991 . Kliškić brani Gripe . Croatian . 31 . Slobodna Dalmacija . Split.
  46. News: Kudrjavcev . Anatolij . 27 February 1992 . Scenska dobrota . Croatian . 28 . Slobodna Dalmacija . Split.
  47. News: Fiamengo . Jakša . 23 February 1993 . Smrt kao privid . 20 . Slobodna Dalmacija.
  48. News: Kudrjavcev . Anatolij . 3 February 1993 . Daska za utapanje . 27 . Slobodna Dalmacija.
  49. Martinović . Jovan . July 2013 . Hommage Vasku Lipovcu . hr . Jedra Boke . 4–5 . 3 July 2014.
  50. Web site: Fradelić. Sunčica. 2021-03-27. Kuća na pijesku - 72 kvadrata tišine (3. dio). 2021-11-12. Kino klub Split.
  51. Web site: Crncevic. Mirko. 2020-09-19. Slobodna Dalmacija - I Hvar ima 'Plavo stablo', Ivo Milatić, amaterski slikar iz Svirača, nijansom Vaska Lipovca prije 30 godina obojio murvu koju je donijela Neretva. 2020-09-20. Slobodna Dalmacija. hr-hr.
  52. Web site: Tako lijepa . hr . June 4, 2015.
  53. Web site: Nebu i Drugi – Tipkovnice u Zrak . 29 August 2009 . hr . April 4, 2015.
  54. Web site: Andrei Sendrea. 2016-08-17. Splitski Akvarel - Beauty is in the (defect) eye of the beholder. 2022-01-10. The 5C Project. en-US.
  55. Book: Fiamengo, Jakša. Pčela u jantaru. Književni krug. 2016. 978-953-163-436-6. Split. hr.
  56. Web site: Mandić-Mušćet. Jelena. 2012-08-27. Split kakav je mogao biti. 2022-01-10. tportal.hr.
  57. Web site: Culturenet.hr - Dani otvorenih vrata ateljea Vaska Lipovca. 2021-07-15. www.culturenet.hr.
  58. Web site: An Archive of Stones, to be periodically activated, speculated upon, damaged and finally gilded with fiction at kim? – Art Viewer. 14 September 2015 . 2021-11-04. en-US.
  59. Web site: An Archive of Stones, to be periodically activated, speculated upon, damaged and finally gilded with fiction at Kim? Contemporary Art Centre, Riga. 2021-11-04. Contemporary Art Library. en.
  60. Web site: Klaric. M.. 2017-10-25. Slobodna Dalmacija - 'Venem bez njega': Splićanin pod okriljem noći ostavio emotivni vapaj institucijama kojeg mnogi potpisuju, ne znamo što se čeka?!. 2020-09-20. Slobodna Dalmacija. hr-hr.
  61. Web site: Kojundžić Smolčić. Anita. 2015-04-20. Priča o Plavom stablu: ovdje neće biti čuda. 2020-09-20. Arteist. hr.
  62. Davies . Katie . 2 July 2018 . Cyclists: Watch the award-winning film inspired by Croatian artist Vasko Lipovac . The Calvert Journal . 31 August 2018.
  63. Web site: HAVC • Croatian film catalogue. 2020-08-29. www.havc.hr.
  64. Web site: Njegić. Marko. 2021-09-16. Slobodna Dalmacija - 'Nulti krajolik': Splitska apokalipsa između Lipovca i Tarkovskog. 2021-11-12. slobodnadalmacija.hr. hr-hr.
  65. Web site: Leskur Staničić. Jasenka. 2021-06-17. Slobodna Dalmacija - Anita i Hana su autorice sjajne slikovnice: 'Plavo stablo' izazivalo je reakcije ljudi i to je nešto što ostaje! Jako je važno za djecu da to osjete kao dio svog kulturnog identiteta. 2021-06-18. slobodnadalmacija.hr. hr-hr.
  66. Book: Tomić, Ante. Erotika. 2008 . Profil International d.d. Zagreb. 365 . 978-953-12-0802-4.
  67. Web site: Nagrada "Grigor Vitez" . hr . July 29, 2014.
  68. Book: Treći trijenale hrvatskoga kiparstva . Mohorovičić . Andro . 1988 . hr . Gliptoteka Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti . Zagreb .
  69. Web site: Marulovi dani 1991 . July 29, 2014.

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