| Vasily Ruzhentsev | |
| Birth Name: | Vasily Yermolayevich Ruzhentsev |
| Birth Date: | 1899 4, df=y |
| Birth Place: | Polovitniki, Dukhovshchinsky Uyezd, Smolensk Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Citizenship: | Soviet |
| Fields: | Paleontology, malacology |
| Known For: | Ammonite research |
| Awards: | Lenin Prize (1967) |
Vasily Yermolayevich Ruzhentsev (Russian: Василий Ермолаевич Руженцев; 4 April 1899 – 12 October 1978) was a Soviet paleontologist, malacologist and geologist. From 1937 to 1978 he worked at the Paleontological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences. He had 117 publications of which 17 were monographs. From 1966 to 1978 he was editor in chief of the Transactions of the Paleontological Institute.