Vasa Pomorišac Explained

Vasa Pomorišac (15 December 1893 — 9 September 1961) was a Serbian artist and professor at the Academy of Applied Arts in Belgrade. He worked as a painter, stained glass window maker, etcher, printmaker and he was also an art critic.[1] [2] He is considered an expressionist painter in the same category as his contemporaries Mihajlo Petrov, Ivan Radović, Petar Dobrović, and Jovan Bijelić.[3]

Biography

Pomorišac was born in the Serbian town of Modoš (now Jaša Tomić) in what was then part of the Austrian Empire. He first studied painting with Stevan Aleksić until 1913, when he went to the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, where he was briefly a student of Gabriel von Hackl, Franz von Stuck and Angelo Jank. At Munich, he met fellow student Živorad Nastasijević (1893-1966), who became a close friend. His studies were interrupted by a period of national service between 1914 and 1918, when he served in the Austrian Army at the Russian front and after surrendering to the Russians, he joined the First Serbian Volunteer Division which participated with the Russians and Romanians against the Central Powers in the Battle of Dobruja,[4] where he was wounded. Pomorišac was taken to a Moscow hospital where he soon recovered and spent the next year convalescing and at the same time familiarizing himself with the art treasures of the city and the works of great Russian painters. As a non-combatant, he was transferred from Imperial Russia to Greece, where he received the status of a "war painter" at the Photographic section (Fotografska sekcija) of the Serbian Supreme Command (Vrhovna komanda) in Salonika[5] and worked in the Thessaloniki Atelier.

After the war, on his return to Belgrade in 1919 he visits a Munich alumnus Ljubo Babić in Zagreb and enrolls in life-drawing classes given by Beta Vukanović at the Arts and Crafts School in Belgrade. After graduation, with his friend Ljubomir Ivanović he visits Serbian monasteries and copies frescoes and murals in Serbian villages in Hungary and Romanian Banat.

He then went to London where he attended classes at Saint Martin's School of Art[6] and the Royal College of Art while learning the craft of stained glass painting. He trained in London from 1920 to 1924 where he specialized in drawing and architecture at Saint Martin's (1921-1922) and took extra courses in stained glass painting at London's Central School of Art and Design (1922-1924), becoming the first known Serbian artist to work in that medium. There he spent time visiting museums, galleries and castles studying all kinds of aspects of arts and architecture but found England still under the influence of John Ruskin. He attended lectures by artist Percy J. Delf Smith, sculptor George Frampton, and architect William Lethaby whose visions followed the modern European trends, including his own.

He returned to Belgrade in 1924. Since he was out of work, he accepted a commission from the Roman Catholic Church community in Jaša Tomić to paint an altar icon in the Catholic Church, then being restored in the neo-Gothic style.[7] At the School of Arts and Crafts, he replaced Beta Vukanović as a teaching master from 1930 to 1931. In Belgrade, Pomorišac's stained glass work gave the Cvijeta Zuzorić Art Pavilion "a trendy Art Deco look".[8]

Paris was his home from 1935 to 1939.[9] Since 1942 he was a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Belgarde and since 1950 at the Academy of Applied Arts in Belgrade.[10]

He was a member of the Association of Warrior Painters and Sculptors of the 1912-1918 Wars, Lada, among the founders of Zograf (Painters)[11] and the Association of Qualified Fine Artists in Belgrade. In 1944 he became a member of the Association of Fine Artists of Serbia (ULUS). In addition to engaging in the original painting, he often copied frescoes from our medieval churches and monasteries, which he exhibited in London and Paris, and gave three copies of frescoes from Manasija monastery to the Maritime Office at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.

Art career

Vasa Pomorišac believed that art was an organic part of society. It must be grounded in traditional creativity and such as to oppose modernism that is foreign to our cultural mentality. The Zograf (Painters) group was formed around this ideology and contained artists of the same or similar orientation - painters Stanislav Beložanski, Živorad Nastasijević, Zdravko Sekulić, Josin Car, Ilija Kolarović, Svetolik Lukić, Radmila Milojković, Zdravko Sekulić and architects Bogdan Nestorović and Branislav Kojić. Modernist criticism saw them as a national anachronism and therefore inappropriate to the new age. Pomorišac especially emphasized his attachment to the past, Serbian and Byzantine, which he knew well and brought into his painting spiritually. He often copied murals from our medieval churches and monasteries that he exhibited in London and Paris. He was a very popular portrait painter and often expressed himself in that genre. Basically, his stylistic development ranged from moderate constructivism, through neo-classicism to cool, monochrome colorism. It is a very special and distinguished phenomenon in Serbian painting between the two world wars.

Pomorišac is Serbia's first painter to paint on glass. Of his many works of this kind, which he produced before Belgrade became a victim of Axis and Allied bombing in World War II, only pieces that remained are the stained glass in the Old Palace and the Metropol Hotel.

He is the author of a banknote, issued by the National Bank of Yugoslavia, of 100 dinars, dated July 15, 1934, and of 1,000 dinars, dated September 6, 1935, which was not put into circulation. Both notes feature compositions inspired by national history. He is also the author of 1,000 dinars banknote, man and woman in national costume, with many details and symbols, but of a dark color, bearing the date of May 1, 1942, published by the Serbian National Bank, during the period of Nazi occupation.

Solo exhibitions

Art criticism

Bibliography

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Milojković-Djurić, Jelena. Tradition and Avant-Garde: The Arts in Serbian Culture Between the Two World Wars. 1984. Eastern European Monographs. 9780880330527. en.
  2. Book: Vasa Pomorišac: 1893-1961 : retrospektivna izložba 1907-1961, Muzej savremene umetnosti, Beograd novembar 1968-januar 1987. Pomorišac. Vasa. Stojanović. Ljiljana. 1986. Muzej savremene umetnosti. en.
  3. Book: Wünsche, Isabel. The Routledge Companion to Expressionism in a Transnational Context. 2018-09-03. Routledge. 9781351777995. en.
  4. Book: Newman, John Paul. Yugoslavia in the Shadow of War: Veterans and the Limits of State Building, 1903–1945. 2015-06-25. Cambridge University Press. 9781107070769. en.
  5. Book: The South Slav Journal. 2004. Dositey Obradovich Circle.. en.
  6. Web site: Narodni Muzej Zrenjanin - Vasa Pomorišac - Od tradicije do moderne. NMZR. www.muzejzrenjanin.org.rs. 2019-10-19.
  7. Book: Janićijević, Jovan. The cultural treasury of Serbia. 1998. IDEA. 9788675470397. en.
  8. Book: On the Very Edge: Modernism and Modernity in the Arts and Architecture of Interwar Serbia (1918–1941). Bogdanović. Jelena. Robinson. Lilien Filipovitch. Marjanović. Igor. 2014-09-01. Leuven University Press. 9789058679932. en.
  9. "Правда", Београд 1937. године
  10. Book: The South Slav Journal. 2004. Dositey Obradovich Circle.. en.
  11. Web site: Narodni Muzej Zrenjanin - Vasa Pomorišac - Od tradicije do moderne. NMZR. www.muzejzrenjanin.org.rs. 2019-10-19.

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