| Vanatinai Island | |
| Native Name Lang: | png |
| Sobriquet: | Sudest Island / Tagula Island |
| Pushpin Map: | Papua New Guinea |
| Coordinates: | -11.5°N 179°W[1] |
| Location: | Oceania |
| Archipelago: | Louisiade Archipelago |
| Waterbody: | Solomon Sea |
| Total Islands: | 1 |
| Area Km2: | 830 |
| Length Km: | 63 |
| Width Km: | 13 |
| Coastline M: | --> |
| Elevation M: | 806 |
| Highest Mount: | Mount Riu |
| Country: | Papua New Guinea |
| Country Admin Divisions Title: | Province |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 1: | District |
| Country Admin Divisions 1: | Samarai-Murua District |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 2: | LLG[2] |
| Country Admin Divisions 2: | Yaleyamba Rural Local Level Government Area |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 3: | Island Group |
| Country Admin Divisions 3: | Vanatinai Islands |
| Country Largest City: | Rambuso |
| Country Largest City Population: | ~500 |
| Population: | 3628 |
| Population As Of: | 2014 |
| Density Km2: | 4.37 |
| Ethnic Groups: | Papauans, Austronesians, Melanesians |
| Timezone1: | AEST |
| Utc Offset1: | +10 |
| Iso Code Type: | ISO code |
| Iso Code: | PG-MBA |
Vanatinai Island (also called Tagula and Sudest, for the names of the extreme capes of the island) is a volcanic island in the southeast of the Louisiade Archipelago within Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The reef-fringed island is approximately 3600NaN0 southeast of New Guinea and 300NaN0 south of Misima. With an area of 8301NaN1, it is the largest island of the archipelago. Tagula town, the main settlement, is located on the northwest coast. The population was 3,628 . The principal export is copra.
The island is 630NaN0 long, stretching from Cape Tagula to Cape Sudest, and up to 13km (08miles) wide. A wooded mountain range runs through the length of the island, with the summit, Mount Riu (806abbr=offNaNabbr=off) near the center. The most important peaks of the range are, from west to east:
Most of Tagula island has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) but the main settlement of Tagula, located in the northernmost and driest part of the island, has a tropical monsoon climate (Am).
The first recorded sighting by Europeans of Vanatinai Island was by the Spanish expedition of Luís Vaez de Torres on 14 July 1606.[3] [4] [5]
The island was the site of a gold rush that began in 1888 and peaked in 1889. Gold was found in nearly all of the island's water courses.[6]
Rambuso Village is located on the north coast of the eastern part of the island, where Rambuso Creek flows into the Pacific Ocean. Entry through the reef to the harbour is deep and easy to see during daylight. Many visiting yachts and local trading boats use this protected anchorage. In 2010 the villagers and several visiting yachties rebuilt the wharf and causeway. The villagers new slogan is "Rambuso Creek the gateway to Sudest".The new wharf helped Rambuso develop and now the busy town has some 500 citizens.
The island has an airport, code (IATA-Code „TGL“) for public transport, near Tagula village.
Several species are endemic to the island, including the aptly named Tagula white-eye, Tagula honeyeater and Tagula butcherbird. Among frogs, Cophixalus tagulensis is only known from Tagula.