Abraham Van Helsing Explained

Van Helsing
Series:Dracula
Creator:Bram Stoker
Religion:Roman Catholic
Nationality:Dutch
Lbl21:Birth place
Data21:Amsterdam,[1] Netherlands

Professor Abraham Van Helsing (in Dutch; Flemish pronounced as /ˈaːbraːɦɑm vɑn ˈhɛlsɪŋ/) is a fictional character from the 1897 gothic horror novel Dracula written by Bram Stoker. Van Helsing is a Dutch polymath doctor with a wide range of interests and accomplishments, partly attested by the string of letters that follows his name: "MD, D.Ph., D.Litt., etc.",[2] indicating a wealth of experience, education and expertise. He is a doctor, professor, lawyer, philosopher, scientist, and metaphysician. The character is best known through many adaptations of the story as a vampire slayer, monster hunter and the arch-nemesis of Count Dracula, and the prototypical and the archetypal parapsychologist in subsequent works of paranormal fiction. Some later works tell new stories about Van Helsing, while others, such as Dracula (2020) and I Woke Up a Vampire (2023) have characters that are his descendants.

Dracula

In the novel, Professor Van Helsing is called in by his former student, John Seward, to assist with the mysterious illness of Lucy Westenra. Van Helsing's friendship with Seward is based in part upon an unknown prior event in which Van Helsing suffered a grievous wound, and Seward saved his life by sucking out the gangrene. It is Van Helsing who first realizes that Lucy is the victim of a vampire, and he guides Seward and his friends in their efforts to save Lucy.

Van Helsing had a son who died. He says that his son, had he lived, would have had a similar appearance to Lucy's suitor Arthur Holmwood ("My heart bleed for that poor boy, that dear boy, so of the age of mine own boy had I been so blessed that he live, and with his hair and eyes the same"). Consequently, Van Helsing developed a particular fondness for Holmwood. Van Helsing's wife went insane from grief after their son's death, but as a Catholic, he refuses to divorce her ("with my poor wife dead to me, but alive by Church's law, though no wits, all gone, even I, who am faithful husband to this now-no-wife").[3]

Van Helsing is one of the few characters in the novel who is fully physically described in one place. In chapter 14, Mina Harker describes him as:

Van Helsing's personality is described by John Seward, his former student, thus:

In the novel, Van Helsing is described as having what is apparently a thick foreign accent, in that he speaks in broken English and he uses German phrases such as "Mein Gott" (English: My God).

Adaptations of the novel have tended to play up Van Helsing's role as a vampire expert, sometimes to the extent that it is depicted as his major occupation. In the novel, however, Dr. Seward requests Van Helsing's assistance simply because Lucy's affliction has him baffled and Van Helsing "knows as much about obscure diseases as anyone in the world".

Development

In an 1897 interview in The British Weekly, Stoker said that Van Helsing was "founded on a real character".[4] In Stoker's 1898 introduction to the Swedish and Icelandic versions of Dracula, he writes from an in-universe perspective that "the highly regarded scientist, who appears under a pseudonym here, may likewise be too famous throughout the educated world for his real name − which I prefer not to mention − to remain hidden from the public, especially from those people who have learned firsthand to appreciate and respect his brilliant mind and masterly skill, though they no more adhere to his views on life than I do."[5]

Van Helsing may have been inspired by characters from Sheridan Le Fanu's Carmilla (1871–72), including Dr Martin Hesselius, "who makes little comment upon the strange narrative he introduces",[6] and Baron Vordenburg, "who has read 'all the great and little works' on vampires and who has 'extracted a system of principles' that govern vampire existence".[7]

Narrative

Count Dracula, having acquired ownership of the Carfax estate near London through solicitor Jonathan Harker, moves to the estate and begins menacing England. His victims include Lucy Westenra, who is on holiday in Whitby. The aristocratic girl has suitors such as John Seward, Arthur Holmwood, and Quincey Morris, and has a best friend in Mina Murray, Harker's fiancée. Seward, who works as a doctor in an insane asylum – where one of the patients, the incurably mad Renfield, has a psychic connection to Dracula – contacts Professor Van Helsing about Lucy's peculiar condition. Van Helsing, recognizing marks upon her neck, eventually deduces that she has been losing blood from a vampire bite. He administers multiple blood transfusions. Van Helsing, Seward, Arthur, and Morris each donate blood to her, but each night she continues to lose blood. He prescribes her garlic, makes a necklace of garlic flowers for her, and hangs garlic about her room. He also gives her a crucifix to wear around her neck. Lucy's demise was brought by her mother, who cleared the room of garlic and opened the window for fresh air; a servant had stolen the gold crucifix.[8] Lucy dies and after the funeral returns as a vampire, seeking out children. Eventually, Van Helsing, Arthur, Morris and Seward free the undead Lucy from her vampiric curse: Arthur uses a hammer to drive the stake through her heart and Van Helsing cuts off her head and puts garlic in her mouth.

Mina, now married to Harker, becomes increasingly worried about his brain fever. Van Helsing reviews his journal and Harker's health returns when he learns that his experiences in Transylvania were real. Mina discovers that various letters and accounts provide further intelligence on Dracula's movements, and shares these with Harker, Seward, Morris, and Van Helsing. They learn that Dracula's residence in Carfax is near Seward's, and Van Helsing's research reveals Dracula's weaknesses and strengths. Seward and Van Helsing also write to a university acquaintance to aid in further research. Staying at Seward's residence to better plan strategies in their efforts to deal with Dracula, they have frequent meetings and each member is assigned duties.[9] At a later meeting a bat is seen at a window.

To destroy Dracula and prevent further spread of evil, the party enters his estate at Carfax and as a group encounters him for the first time. They discover that he has been purchasing properties in and around London, with plans to distribute 50 boxes of Transylvanian earth to them, used as graves so each property would become a safe lair. They visit these lairs and place sacramental bread in the boxes of the earth to "sterilize" them, preventing Dracula from further using them.[10] Dracula entices Renfield to invite him into Seward's residence. Renfield is found critically injured by Seward and Van Helsing who operate on him, and Renfield informs them that Dracula went to see Mina. They go to Mina's room and find Harker hypnotized while Dracula is giving Mina the 'Vampire's Baptism of Blood', cursing her and the group for plotting against him. The party uses sacred items to repel Dracula, who flees into a different room as a vapor. Dracula then destroys all the texts Mina had produced, except for one which was hidden, and breaks Renfield's neck before leaving.

Van Helsing places a wafer of sacramental bread upon Mina's forehead to bless her but it burns her flesh, leaving a scar. Mina, feeling that she is now connected with Dracula, asks Van Helsing to hypnotize her before dawn, the only time she feels she could freely speak. Through this hypnosis they learn that Mina has a telepathic link with Dracula,[11] that she could tell everything he hears and feels, which could be used to track his movements. Mina agrees that any plans should be kept from her for fear that Dracula could read her thoughts. The group has additional encounters with Dracula as they continue to search for his residences throughout London and sterilize the boxes. Learning that his final grave is aboard a boat, Van Helsing deduces that Dracula is fleeing back to his castle.[12]

When the party pursues Dracula to Transylvania, they split into groups. While Mina and Van Helsing travel straight to Dracula's castle, the others attempt to ambush the boat on which Dracula is a passenger. Van Helsing's influence over Mina diminishes each day, and her behavior changes as she sleeps more during the day, loses her appetite for food, and ceases to write in her journal. He finds that she cannot cross a circle of crumbled sacramental bread. Later, Dracula's vampiric wives approach their camp but they too are unable to cross into the circle of bread. Failing at their attempts to lure Van Helsing and Mina out of the circle, they flee back to Dracula's castle just before sunrise. Van Helsing binds Mina at a cave to keep her from danger as he goes into Dracula's castle to kill the vampires.

As Van Helsing runs through the castle searching its rooms, he finds Dracula's empty tomb and the three female vampires he saw earlier. He begins to do his operation on the first vampire but finds himself entranced by her beauty and unable to bring himself to harm her. In his feelings of enchantment, he even contemplates love for her. He is broken out of this enchantment when he hears a "soul wail" from Mina, awakening him.[13] He proceeds to drive stakes into their hearts and sever their heads, one by one.

Van Helsing returns to Mina and they see the rest of their party as they chase a group of gypsies down the Borgo Pass and corner them. Armed with knives and firearms they overtake the gypsies and open the final box of Dracula; Jonathan Harker brings his Kukri knife down on Dracula's throat as the bowie knife of Quincey Morris simultaneously impales Dracula's heart in the final moments of daylight. At this moment Dracula's body crumbles to dust. After the struggle, Quincey is seen to have been fatally wounded.

Six years later, Van Helsing takes a grandfatherly role in regard to the young Quincey Harker, Jonathan and Mina's son.

Equipment

Van Helsing is seen utilising many tools to aid him and his party in fending off Dracula, warding off vampires and in general defeating the undead:

On screen

Film adaptations of the novel

TV adaptations of the novel

Other screen appearances of the character

Films

TV

Animation

Appearances in other media

On stage

Novels

Radio and audio

Comics

Abraham Van Helsing was also portrayed in The Tomb of Dracula Marvel Comics series, which was based on the characters of Bram Stoker's novel including his great-granddaughter Rachel Van Helsing.

In the Marvel Comics miniseries , Van Helsing joins forces with the immortal mutant Apocalypse and his worshipers, Clan Akkaba, in order to destroy Dracula, their common enemy. It is noted that Van Helsing had encountered Apocalypse before and previously believed him to be a vampire.

In the Italian comic book Martin Mystère and the spin-off series Storie di Altrove/Stories from Elsewhere, Van Helsing's name is Richard. He was originally a knight in the service of the Holy Roman Emperors but he was captured in 1475 by the undead warriors of the Order of the Dragon and turned into a vampire by the Wallachian Prince Vlad Dracula. Four centuries later, Van Helsing killed Dracula, and later came to London to solve the case of Jack the Ripper, eventually discovering that the murderers were mentally controlled by demons from another world. In 1902 he worked together with the resurrected Dracula to prevent the assassination of King Edward VII.

Media involving Van Helsing's descendants

There have been numerous works of fiction depicting descendants of Van Helsing carrying on the family tradition.

Films

Television

Books and stories

Anime and manga

Comics and graphic novels

Games

Notes and References

  1. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 9, Letter Dr Seward to Arthur Holmwood, 2 September. 161. I have written to my old friend and master, Professor Van Helsing, of Amsterdam.
  2. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 9, LETTER, ABRAHAM VAN HELSING, MD, DPh, D. Lit, ETC, ETC, TO DR. SEWARD 2 September. 162.
  3. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 13, Dr. Seward's Diary. 251.
  4. Stoddart. Jane. 1 July 1897. Mr. Bram Stoker. A Chat with the Author of Dracula. British Weekly.
  5. Book: 978-0715651278. Powers of Darkness: The Lost Version of Dracula. 2017. Stoker . Bram . Ásmundarson . Valdimar . Overlook Duckworth .
  6. Roger. Dobson. Roger Dobson. 2014. The Scarlet and the Black: A Curiosity in "Carmilla". The Green Book. 4 . 27–33 . 48536055 .
  7. Theodora Esther . Goss . The Monster in the Mirror: Late Victorian Gothic and Anthropology . 2012 . PhD . 262 . .
  8. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 13, Dr Seward's Diary. 238. 'Because,' he said sternly, 'it is too late, or too early. See!' Here he held up the little golden crucifix. 'This was stolen in the night.' 'How stolen, 'I asked in wonder, 'since you have it now?' 'Because get it back from the worthless wretch who stole it, from the woman who robbed the dead and the living..
  9. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch. 18.
  10. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Chapter 18, Dr. Seward's Diary. 346.
  11. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 23, Jonathan Harker's Journal, 3–4 October. 447. ' I have an idea. I suppose it must have come in the night and matured without my knowing it. He must hypnotize me before the dawn, and then I shall be able to speak.".
  12. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 24, Mina Harker's Journal, 4–5 October, 5 P.M.. 454. Dr. Van Helsing described what steps were taken during the day to discover on what boat and whither bound Count Dracula made his escape. 'As I knew that he wanted to get back to Transylvania, I felt sure that he must go by the Danube mouth, or by somewhere in the Black Sea since by that way he comes. whither bound Count Dracula made his escape. 'As I knew that he wanted to get back to Transylvania, I felt sure that he must go by the Danube mouth, or by somewhere in the Black Sea, since by that way he comes..
  13. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 27, Van Helsing's Memorandum, 5 November. 530. She was so fair to look on, so radiantly beautiful, so exquisitely voluptuous, that the very instinct of man in me, which calls some of my sex to love and to protect one of hers, made my head whirl with new emotion. But God is thanked, that soul wail of my dear Madam Mina had not died out of my ears. And, before the spell could be wrought further upon me,.
  14. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 19, Johnathon Harker's Journal. 356.
  15. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 24, Johnathon Harker's Journal. 470. 'We shall at the first board that ship. Then, when we have identified the box, we shall place a branch of the wild rose on it. This we shall fasten, for when it is there none can emerge, so that at least says the superstition..
  16. Book: Stoker. Bram. Dracula. Ch 16, Dr. Seward's Diary. 308. 'Take this stake in your left hand, ready to place to the point over the heart, and the hammer in your right. Then when we begin our prayer for the dead, I shall read him, I have here the book, and the others shall follow, strike in God's name, that so all may be well with the dead that we love and that the UnDead pass away.'.
  17. Web site: Van Helsing Universal Monster Movie Coming From Overlord Director. 1 December 2020. ScreenRant.
  18. Web site: ‘Van Helsing’ Series In The Works At CBS From Jonathan Lee, Rob Doherty, Carl Beverly & Sarah Timberman. White. Peter. Deadline. June 26, 2024. June 26, 2024.
  19. Web site: Dracula by Northern Ballet. Patrick. Mulkern. RadioTimes. 8 June 2020. 25 February 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225111247/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv-programme/e/mck25q/dracula-by-northern-ballet--dracula-by-northern-ballet/. dead.
  20. Web site: Peter Dinklage, Jason Momoa to Star in Vampire Movie 'Good Bad & Undead' | Hollywood Reporter. www.hollywoodreporter.com. 20 May 2020.
  21. News: Andreeva. Nellie. 'Van Helsing' Series Picked Up By Syfy. 3 November 2015. deadline.com. 2 November 2015.
  22. Web site: Camper van Helsing - Official TF2 Wiki | Official Team Fortress Wiki.
  23. Web site: SGT. Helsing - Official TF2 Wiki | Official Team Fortress Wiki.