Valeria Bufanu (née Ștefănescu; born 7 October 1946) is a retired Romanian athlete who mainly competed in hurdling and sprints.
She won the national championships in 100 metres hurdles five consecutive seasons: 1967 - 1971. In addition she won gold medals in 400 metres hurdles (1969), pentathlon (1970) and 100 metres (1970 and 1971).
At the 1972 Summer Olympics in München, where the 100 metres hurdles event was held for the first time (the previous distance being 80 metres), Bufanu won a silver medal, sharing the podium with East Germans Annelie Ehrhardt (gold) and Karin Balzer (bronze). The next year Bufanu won a silver medal in 60 metres hurdles at the European Indoor Championships.