| Vaalbank | |
| Pushpin Map: | South Africa Mpumalanga#South Africa |
| Coordinates: | -25.1556°N 28.8469°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | South Africa |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Mpumalanga |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Nkangala |
| Subdivision Type3: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name3: | Dr JS Moroka |
| Subdivision Type4: | Main Place |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Leader Title: | Councillor |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 4.04 |
| Population Total: | 12814 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Racial makeup (2011) |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Black African |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 98.9% |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Coloured |
| Demographics1 Info2: | 0.2% |
| Demographics1 Title3: | Indian/Asian |
| Demographics1 Info3: | 0.6% |
| Demographics1 Title4: | White |
| Demographics1 Title5: | Other |
| Demographics1 Info5: | 0.3% |
| Demographics Type2: | First languages (2011) |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Northern Sotho |
| Demographics2 Info1: | 58.0% |
| Demographics2 Title2: | S. Ndebele |
| Demographics2 Info2: | 15.7% |
| Demographics2 Title3: | Tsonga |
| Demographics2 Info3: | 7.0% |
| Demographics2 Title4: | Sotho |
| Demographics2 Info4: | 6.2% |
| Demographics2 Title5: | Other |
| Demographics2 Info5: | 13.1% |
| Timezone1: | SAST |
| Utc Offset1: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code (street) |
| Postal Code: | n/a |
| Postal2 Code Type: | PO box |
| Postal2 Code: | 1055 |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Area Code: | 013 |
Vaalbank (also known as Libangeni) is a small town some 102 kilometers northeast of Pretoria. The town is an important one in Mpumalanga's northwestern end where the majority of the surrounding population is rural and does not have infrastructure. It overlooks the Mkhombo Dam (formerly called the Renosterkop Dam) which is of agricultural importance in the region.
It is situated in the Dr JS Moroka Municipality of the Nkangala District.
The "Main Street" serves as a divide between the early Vaalbank that was set by the KwaNdebele government and the current multi-ethnic Vaalbank. The early Vaalbank was established to be an urban residential site for the Ndebele population. But with the demise of Apartheid, the town became multi-ethnic and services rendered were no longer of high quality. With this decline of quality services, the newer part of town became more of a shanty town with the exceptions of a few sections.
The town has significant populations of Ndebele, Pedi, Tswana, Tsonga and Zulu people, whereas a minority of Venda, Indian and Chinese (primarily merchants) people are also found.
The name is of Afrikaans origin and means 'grey banks', most probably referring to the banks of the then Renosterkop Dam.
The Ndebele population has a name for the town: Libangeni, although this name is never used in speech.