VPS4B explained

Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VPS4B gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the AAA protein family (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities), and is the homolog of the yeast Vps4 protein.

In humans, two paralogs of the yeast protein have been identified. They share a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with each other and also with yeast Vps4 and mouse proteins. Functional studies indicate that both human paralogs associate with the endosomal compartments, and are involved in intracellular protein trafficking, similar to Vps4 protein in yeast. The gene encoding this paralog has been mapped to chromosome 18; the gene for the other (VPS4A) resides on chromosome 16.

Further reading

• Périer F, Coulter KL, Liang H, etal . Identification of a novel mammalian member of the NSF/CDC48p/Pas1p/TBP-1 family through heterologous expression in yeast . FEBS Lett. . 351 . 2 . 286–90 . 1994 . 8082782 . 10.1016/0014-5793(94)00879-5 . 31778093 .
• Mao M, Fu G, Wu JS, etal . Identification of genes expressed in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by expressed sequence tags and efficient full-length cDNA cloning . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 14 . 8175–80 . 1998 . 9653160 . 10.1073/pnas.95.14.8175 . 20949 . 1998PNAS...95.8175M . free .
• Scheuring S, Bodor O, Röhricht RA, etal . Cloning, characterisation, and functional expression of the Mus musculus SKD1 gene in yeast demonstrates that the mouse SKD1 and the yeast VPS4 genes are orthologues and involved in intracellular protein trafficking . Gene . 234 . 1 . 149–59 . 1999 . 10393249 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00163-8 .
• Bishop N, Woodman P . ATPase-defective Mammalian VPS4 Localizes to Aberrant Endosomes and Impairs Cholesterol Trafficking . Mol. Biol. Cell . 11 . 1 . 227–39 . 2000 . 10637304 . 10.1091/mbc.11.1.227. 14770 .
• Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, etal . Cloning and Functional Analysis of cDNAs with Open Reading Frames for 300 Previously Undefined Genes Expressed in CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells . Genome Res. . 10 . 10 . 1546–60 . 2001 . 11042152 . 10.1101/gr.140200 . 310934 .
• Howard TL, Stauffer DR, Degnin CR, Hollenberg SM . CHMP1 functions as a member of a newly defined family of vesicle trafficking proteins . J. Cell Sci. . 114 . Pt 13 . 2395–404 . 2002 . 10.1242/jcs.114.13.2395 . 11559748 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Beyer A, Scheuring S, Müller S, etal . Comparative sequence and expression analyses of four mammalian VPS4 genes . Gene . 305 . 1 . 47–59 . 2003 . 12594041 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01205-2 .
• Strack B, Calistri A, Craig S, etal . AIP1/ALIX is a binding partner for HIV-1 p6 and EIAV p9 functioning in virus budding . Cell . 114 . 6 . 689–99 . 2003 . 14505569 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00653-6 . 10733770 . free .
• von Schwedler UK, Stuchell M, Müller B, etal . The protein network of HIV budding . Cell . 114 . 6 . 701–13 . 2003 . 14505570 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00714-1 . 16894972 . free .
• Fujita H, Umezuki Y, Imamura K, etal . Mammalian class E Vps proteins, SBP1 and mVps2/CHMP2A, interact with and regulate the function of an AAA-ATPase SKD1/Vps4B . J. Cell Sci. . 117 . Pt 14 . 2997–3009 . 2005 . 15173323 . 10.1242/jcs.01170 . 726248 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Katoh K, Suzuki H, Terasawa Y, etal . The penta-EF-hand protein ALG-2 interacts directly with the ESCRT-I component TSG101, and Ca2+-dependently co-localizes to aberrant endosomes with dominant-negative AAA ATPase SKD1/Vps4B . Biochem. J. . 391 . Pt 3 . 677–85 . 2006 . 16004603 . 10.1042/BJ20050398 . 1276969 .
• Takasu H, Jee JG, Ohno A, etal . Structural characterization of the MIT domain from human Vps4b . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 334 . 2 . 460–5 . 2005 . 16018968 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.110 .
• Scott A, Chung HY, Gonciarz-Swiatek M, etal . Structural and mechanistic studies of VPS4 proteins . EMBO J. . 24 . 20 . 3658–69 . 2005 . 16193069 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600818 . 1276703 .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: Large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Welsch S, Habermann A, Jäger S, etal . Ultrastructural analysis of ESCRT proteins suggests a role for endosome-associated tubular-vesicular membranes in ESCRT function . Traffic . 7 . 11 . 1551–66 . 2007 . 17014699 . 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00489.x . 36879122 .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, etal . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .
• Lambert C, Döring T, Prange R . Hepatitis B Virus Maturation Is Sensitive to Functional Inhibition of ESCRT-III, Vps4, and γ2-Adaptin . J. Virol. . 81 . 17 . 9050–60 . 2007 . 17553870 . 10.1128/JVI.00479-07 . 1951427 .

Notes and References

1. Scheuring S, Rohricht RA, Schoning-Burkhardt B, Beyer A, Muller S, Abts HF, Kohrer K . Mammalian cells express two VPS4 proteins both of which are involved in intracellular protein trafficking . J Mol Biol . 312 . 3 . 469–80 . Sep 2001 . 11563910 . 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4917 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: VPS4B vacuolar protein sorting 4 homolog B (S. cerevisiae).