VPS25 explained

Symbol:	ESCRT-II
ESCRT-II complex subunit
Pfam:	PF05871
Interpro:	IPR008570

Vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VPS25 gene.^{[1] [2]}

It is a component of the endosome-associated complex ESCRT-II (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport protein II). ESCRT (ESCRT-I, -II, -III) complexes orchestrate efficient sorting of ubiquitinated transmembrane receptors to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies (MVBs).^[3] ESCRT-II recruits the transport machinery for protein sorting at MVB.^[4] In addition, the human ESCRT-II has been shown to form a complex with RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL in order to exert transcriptional control activity. ESCRT-II transiently associates with the endosomal membrane and thereby initiates the formation of ESCRT-III, a membrane-associated protein complex that functions immediately downstream of ESCRT-II during sorting of MVB cargo. ESCRT-II in turn functions downstream of ESCRT-I, a protein complex that binds to ubiquitinated endosomal cargo.^[5]

ESCRT-II is a trilobal complex composed of two copies of vps25, one copy of vps22 and the C-terminal region of vps36. The crystal structure of vps25 revealed two winged-helix domains, the N-terminal domain of vps25 interacting with vps22 and vps36.^[6]

Further reading

• Kamura T, Burian D, Khalili H, etal . Cloning and characterization of ELL-associated proteins EAP45 and EAP20. a role for yeast EAP-like proteins in regulation of gene expression by glucose. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 19 . 16528–33 . 2001 . 11278625 . 10.1074/jbc.M010142200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• von Schwedler UK, Stuchell M, Müller B, etal . The protein network of HIV budding. . Cell . 114 . 6 . 701–13 . 2003 . 14505570 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00714-1 . 16894972 . free .
• Martin-Serrano J, Yarovoy A, Perez-Caballero D, etal . Divergent retroviral late-budding domains recruit vacuolar protein sorting factors by using alternative adaptor proteins. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 21 . 12414–9 . 2003 . 14519844 . 10.1073/pnas.2133846100 . 218772 . 2003PNAS..10012414M . free .
• Sharma M, Pampinella F, Nemes C, etal . Misfolding diverts CFTR from recycling to degradation: quality control at early endosomes. . J. Cell Biol. . 164 . 6 . 923–33 . 2004 . 15007060 . 10.1083/jcb.200312018 . 2172283 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Bowers K, Piper SC, Edeling MA, etal . Degradation of endocytosed epidermal growth factor and virally ubiquitinated major histocompatibility complex class I is independent of mammalian ESCRTII. . J. Biol. Chem. . 281 . 8 . 5094–105 . 2006 . 16371348 . 10.1074/jbc.M508632200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Yorikawa C, Shibata H, Waguri S, Hatta K, Horii M, Katoh K, Kobayashi T, Uchiyama Y, Maki M . Human CHMP6, a myristoylated ESCRT-III protein, interacts directly with an ESCRT-II component EAP20 and regulates endosomal cargo sorting . Biochem J . 387 . Pt 1 . 17–26 . Mar 2005 . 15511219 . 1134928 . 10.1042/BJ20041227 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: VPS25 vacuolar protein sorting 25 homolog (S. cerevisiae).
3. Gill DJ, Teo H, Sun J, Perisic O, Veprintsev DB, Emr SD, Williams RL . Structural insight into the ESCRT-I/-II link and its role in MVB trafficking . EMBO J. . 26 . 2 . 600–12 . January 2007 . 17215868 . 1783442 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601501 .
4. Teo H, Perisic O, Gonzalez B, Williams RL . ESCRT-II, an endosome-associated complex required for protein sorting: crystal structure and interactions with ESCRT-III and membranes . Dev. Cell . 7 . 4 . 559–69 . October 2004 . 15469844 . 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.09.003 . free .
5. Babst M, Katzmann DJ, Snyder WB, Wendland B, Emr SD . Endosome-associated complex, ESCRT-II, recruits transport machinery for protein sorting at the multivesicular body . Dev. Cell . 3 . 2 . 283–9 . August 2002 . 12194858 . 10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00219-8. free .
6. Wernimont AK, Weissenhorn W . Crystal structure of subunit VPS25 of the endosomal trafficking complex ESCRT-II . BMC Struct. Biol. . 4 . 1 . 10 . December 2004 . 15579210 . 539351 . 10.1186/1472-6807-4-10 . free .