VARS explained

Valyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the VARS gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and is located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex.^[2]

See also

• Valine-tRNA ligase

Further reading

• Hsieh SL, Campbell RD . Evidence that gene G7a in the human major histocompatibility complex encodes valyl-tRNA synthetase . The Biochemical Journal . 278 . 3 . 809–16 . September 1991 . 1898367 . 1151418 . 10.1042/bj2780809.
• Sargent CA, Dunham I, Campbell RD . Identification of multiple HTF-island associated genes in the human major histocompatibility complex class III region . The EMBO Journal . 8 . 8 . 2305–12 . August 1989 . 2477242 . 401163 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08357.x.
• Bec G, Kerjan P, Zha XD, Waller JP . Valyl-tRNA synthetase from rabbit liver. I. Purification as a heterotypic complex in association with elongation factor 1 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 264 . 35 . 21131–7 . December 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)30056-0 . 2556394 . free .
• Wolfson AD, Orlovsky AF, Gladilin KL . Mammalian valyl-tRNA synthetase forms a complex with the first elongation factor . FEBS Letters . 238 . 2 . 262–4 . October 1988 . 3169261 . 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80492-7 . 45934458 . free . 1988FEBSL.238..262M .
• Bec G, Kerjan P, Waller JP . Reconstitution in vitro of the valyl-tRNA synthetase-elongation factor (EF) 1 beta gamma delta complex. Essential roles of the NH2-terminal extension of valyl-tRNA synthetase and of the EF-1 delta subunit in complex formation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 3 . 2086–92 . January 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)42139-9 . 8294461 . free .
• Vilalta A, Donovan D, Wood L, Vogeli G, Yang DC . Cloning, sequencing and expression of a cDNA encoding mammalian valyl-tRNA synthetase . Gene . 123 . 2 . 181–6 . January 1993 . 8428657 . 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90122-J .
• Motorin Y . Two human valyl-tRNA synthetase-encoding cDNA sequences deposited in GenBank display extensive differences . Gene . 170 . 2 . 289–91 . May 1996 . 8666263 . 10.1016/0378-1119(96)84699-3 .
• Xie T, Rowen L, Aguado B, Ahearn ME, Madan A, Qin S, Campbell RD, Hood L . Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse . Genome Research . 13 . 12 . 2621–36 . December 2003 . 14656967 . 403804 . 10.1101/gr.1736803 .
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, Angrand PO, Bergamini G, Croughton K, Cruciat C, Eberhard D, Gagneur J, Ghidelli S, Hopf C, Huhse B, Mangano R, Michon AM, Schirle M, Schlegl J, Schwab M, Stein MA, Bauer A, Casari G, Drewes G, Gavin AC, Jackson DB, Joberty G, Neubauer G, Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G . A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway . Nature Cell Biology . 6 . 2 . 97–105 . February 2004 . 14743216 . 10.1038/ncb1086 . 11683986 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . October 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Jiang S, Wolfe CL, Warrington JA, Norcum MT . Three-dimensional reconstruction of the valyl-tRNA synthetase/elongation factor-1H complex and localization of the delta subunit . FEBS Letters . 579 . 27 . 6049–54 . November 2005 . 16229838 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.09.062 . 83645345 . free . 2005FEBSL.579.6049J .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Molecular Systems Biology . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .

Notes and References

1. Bonnefond L, Fender A, Rudinger-Thirion J, Giegé R, Florentz C, Sissler M . Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS . Biochemistry . 44 . 12 . 4805–16 . March 2005 . 15779907 . 10.1021/bi047527z .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: VARS valyl-tRNA synthetase.