| Vărăncău | |
| Other Name: | Воронко́во (Russian) Воронко́во (Ukrainian) |
| Settlement Type: | Commune |
| Pushpin Map: | Moldova |
| Subdivision Type: | Country (de jure) |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country (de facto) |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Rîbnița District |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Coordinates: | 47.7058°N 29.1192°W |
| Elevation M: | 184 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Timezone1: | EET |
| Utc Offset1: | +2 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +3 |
Vărăncău (Voronkovo, Polish: Woronków) is a commune in the Rîbnița District of Transnistria, Moldova, composed of three villages: Buschi (Буськи), Gherșunovca (Гершунівка) and Vărăncău.[1] It is located 15km (09miles) southeast of Rîbnița.
Woronków, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Lubomirski family,[2] administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.[3] Following the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, it was annexed by Russia. In 1800 the Church of the Assumption of Blessed Virgin Mary was built.[2] In the late 19th century, it had a population of 2,073.[2]
The village Vărăncău is the site of the Church of the Blessed Virgin's Assumption, a Christian Orthodox church, construction of which was completed in 1800.[2] Since then, the church has been open and functioning, standing much as it did when it first opened its doors.It is the only church in Transnistria which was never closed during the Soviet times when all other churches had to close, holding therefore a special significance for the religious community in Transnistria.
In 1924, it became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania as part of the Transnistria Governorate.
Vărăncău also had a now abandoned military aerodrome of the former Soviet Union. The 2500abbr=offNaNabbr=off long runway has today been turned into farmland.[4] The aerodrome was repeatedly struck by drones flying over the village on 6 May 2022.[5] This was part of a series of attacks that happened in Transnistria as the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine was developing. These incidents may have been a false flag operation by Russia or Transnistria itself.[6]
According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 2,942 inhabitants, of which 899 (30.55%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 1,745 (59.31%) Ukrainians and 223 (7.57%) Russians.[7]