Vernik Explained

Type:	v
Official Name:	Vernik
Other Name:	Врбник
County:	Korçë
Municipality:	Devoll
Municunit:	Qendër Bilisht
Coordinates:	40.6444°N 21.0239°W
Population As Of:	2005
Population Total:	280

Vernik (Bulgarian: Връбник, Macedonian: Врбник, Vrbnik) is a village in the former Qendër Bilisht Municipality of the Korçë County in Albania, on the border with Krystallopigi in Greece. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Devoll.^[1] It is situated south of the Small Prespa Lake and is the easternmost settlement of Albania.^[2]

History

In 1873, then under the Ottoman Empire, the village was listed twice in a demographic survey, once as a Verlink, containing 86 households and 220 male Bulgarians, and again as Vrbnik, containing 70 households and 205 male Muslims.^[3] According to another late 19th century estimate by Vasil Kanchov, the village had 600 Bulgarian Christians.^[4]

In 1903, during the Ilinden Uprising, all 80 of the village's houses were burnt down.^[5] The population of the village was under the supremacy of the Bulgarian Exarchate since 1904.^[6]

At the outbreak of the First Balkan War, Vernik sent six volunteers to join the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps.^[7]

During World War I, the village was part of Greece. In the 1913 and 1920 censuses, it had 489 and 366 residents, respectively.^[8]

In 1925, the village elders sent a petition to the Prefecture of Korça asking for the opening of a Bulgarian school in the village.^[9]

In 1939, on behalf of 70 Bulgarian houses in Vrbnik the revolutionary Nikola Pandovski signed a request by the local Bulgarians to the Bulgarian tsaritsa Giovanna requesting her intervention for the protection of the Bulgarian people in Albania - at that time an Italian protectorate.^[10] Demographics

The Kostur dialect of the Macedonian (or Bulgarian) language is spoken in the village.^[11]

Due to religion having an influence on identity Macedonians of Vërnik view Orthodox Albanians as nash (ours) while Macedonian-speaking Muslims are not viewed as nash.^[12]

People from Vernik

• Nikolaos Dailakis, Greek revolutionary
• Nako Grozdanov (1886 - 1969), member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization^[13]
• Boncho Nestorov (1906 - 1987), Bulgarian writer and journalist^[14]
• Nikola Pandovski, Bulgarian revolutionary, member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization^[15]
• Kristo Temelko, communist politician^[16]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Law nr. 115/2014 . sq . 6372–6373. 25 February 2022 .
2. Book: Historical Dictionary of Albania . 158 . 2010 . Scarecrow Press . Robert D. Elsie .
3. „Македония и Одринско. Статистика на населението от 1873 г.“ Македонски научен институт, София, 1995, стр.106-107 и 110-111.
4. Web site: Makedonija. Etnografija i statistika - 2.43. www.promacedonia.org.
5. Book: Kitanoski. Mišo. Donevski. Gjorgi. Ilindenskoto vostanie vo Egejska Makedonija. 2003. 9789989891120.
6. Web site: Хр. Силянов, Освободителните борби в Македония, II - 12. www.promacedonia.org.
7. „Македоно-одринското опълчение 1912-1913 г. Личен състав“, Главно управление на архивите, 2006, стр.836.
8. Web site: Mapping Migration in Kastoria, Macedonia. Verniki.. 2014-06-07. 2007-07-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20070726040821/http://www.mmkm.kcl.ac.uk/content/db/084.htm. dead.
9. Web site: Lutje e pleqësisë së katundit Vërnik (Bilisht) dërguar Prefekturës së Korçës ku kërkojnë t'iu jepet e drejta e hapjes së një shkolle bullgare, si dhe korrespondenca përkatëse me Ministrinë e Punëve të Brendshme. | Katalogu Online - arkiva.gov.al. katalogu.arkiva.gov.al.
10. Елдъров, Св. Българите в Албания 1913-1939. Изследване и документи, София, 2000, стр. 324-326.
11. According to some dialectologists the dialect of Vrabnik is a part of the Kostur dialect only in general terms - see Христова, Евдокия. Българска реч от Албания. Говорът на село Връбник, Университетско издателство “Неофит Рилски”, Благоевград 2003, с. 10 [Hristova, Evdokia. Bulgarian speech from Albania. The dialect of the village Vrabnik, University Press "Neophyte Rilski", Blagoevgrad 2003, p. 10.] (in Bulgarian)
12. Book: Friedman, Victor. Albania/Albanien. Ammon. Ulrich. Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society, Volume 3. 2006. Walter de Gruyte. 9783110184181. 1879. "Moreover, religion can have an influence on attitudes toward identity. Thus for example Macedonian-speaking Christians in Vrbnik (Vërnik) refer to Orthodox Albanian-speakers as nash 'ours' but do not consider Macedonian-speaking Muslims as nash, nor do those Muslims tend to identify as ethnic Macedonians.
13. Nikolov, Boris Y. Вътрешна македоно-одринска революционна организация. Войводи и ръководители (1893-1934). Биографично-библиографски справочник, Софи, 2001, стр. 36.
14. Book: Nestorov. Poslednata godina. 1986.
15. Ognjanov, Mihail. Македония - преживяна съдба, ИК Гутенберг, София, 2002, стр.142, 143, 146, 151, 155.
16. Web site: Stenogram of the Meeting between J. V. Stalin and E. Hoxha Regarding Albanian-Yugoslav Relations, and the External and Internal Politics of Albania. 7 June 2014.