| Uttar Dinajpur | |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Total Type: | Total |
| Mapsize: | 300 |
| Coordinates: | 25.62°N 88.12°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | West Bengal |
| Subdivision Type2: | Division |
| Subdivision Name2: | Malda |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Seat Type: | Headquarters |
| Seat: | Raiganj |
| Parts Type: | Tehsils |
| Parts Style: | para |
| Area Total Km2: | 3140 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Total: | 3,007,134, |
| Population Urban: | 362,228 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Demographics |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Literacy |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 59.1 % |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Sex ratio |
| Demographics1 Info2: | 939 |
| Leader Title1: | Lok Sabha constituencies |
| Leader Name1: | Raiganj |
| Leader Title2: | Vidhan Sabha constituencies |
| Leader Name2: | Chopra, Islampur, Goalpokhar, Chakulia, Karandighi, Hemtabad, Kaliaganj, Raiganj, Itahar |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +05:30 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Major highways |
| Blank Info Sec1: | NH 27, NH 12 |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Poverty (2020) |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 28.36% below poverty line |
Uttar Dinajpur (in Bengali pronounced as /ut̪ːor dinadʒpur/), also known as North Dinajpur, is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. Created on 1 April 1992 by the division of the erstwhile West Dinajpur district, it comprises two subdivisions: Raiganj and Islampur.
Undivided Dinajpur district was part of the Pundra and Gauda Kingdom of ancient Bengal. The whole of Pundra was part of the Mauryan empire, and Jainism was spread in the region in the fourth century BCE. Their capital was at Pundrabardhan (now in Bangladesh), and two other ancient towns were Gourpur and Kotibarsha, now called Bangarh. Later multiple inscriptions show how the Guptas also controlled Pundra. After the reign of Gauda Kingdom, the district was then ruled by Pala Empire from 750 CE. The Senas overthrew the Palas in 1143. In 1204, Bakhtiyar Khilji defeated the Senas and had Bangarh as its capital. After his murder, it was controlled by various governors sent by the Delhi Sultan from Gauda. In 1586, Mughal Emperor Akbar conquered Bengal and Dinajpur was controlled by the sarkars of Tajpur and Panjara. In 1765, it fell under the rule of the East India Company and was ruled from Murshidabad. In the later part of the 18th century, the district was home to the Sanyasi-Fakir rebellion until the early 19th century. The district remained relatively peaceful all through the rest of the 1800s. In 1905, the people of Dinajpur district protested against the Partition of Bengal. They participated in the Freedom struggle by refusing to pay tax, doing hartals, and launching agitations. In 1947, Dinajpur district was split between India and Pakistan with West Dinajpur remaining with India. In 1992, West Dinajpur district was bifurcated to form Uttar Dinajpur and Dakshin Dinajpur districts.
Uttar Dinajpur district lies between latitude 25°11' N to 26°49' N and longitude 87°49' E to 90°00' E occupying an area of enclosed by Panchagarh, Thakurgaon and Dinajpur districts of Bangladesh on the east, Kishanganj, Purnia and Katihar districts of Bihar on the west, Darjeeling district and Jalpaiguri district on the north and Malda district and Dakshin Dinajpur district on the south. Uttar Dinajpur is well connected with the rest of the state through National Highways, State Highways and Railways. NH-27 and NH-12 pass through the heart of the district.
The regional topography is generally flat with a gentle southerly slope towards which the main rivers like Kulik, Nagar, Mahananda. The District forms a part of the basin lying between Rajmahal hills on the east. The older alluvium is estimated to be Pleistocene age. Uttar Dinajpur is bestowed with a very fertile soil. The soil is very rich in nature due to the alluvial deposition which helps to grow Paddy, Jute, Mesta and Sugarcane etc. Raiganj on the banks of the River Kulik is the District Headquarters where the Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary, the second largest bird sanctuary in Asia, is situated. In Uttar Dinajpur district, there are two sub-divisions, Raiganj and Islampur, 110km (70miles) apart from each other. There are four municipalities, nine blocks and 99 Panchayats covering 1577 villages.
According to the 2011 census Uttar Dinajpur district has a population of 3,007,134,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Albania[2] or the US state of Mississippi.[3] This gives it a ranking of 124th in India (out of a total of 640).[1] The district has a population density of 956PD/sqkm .[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.9%.[1] Uttar Dinajpur has a sex ratio of 936 females for every 1000 males,[1] and a literacy rate of 59.1%. 12.05% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 26.87% and 5.41% of the population respectively.[1] [4]
| 266,415 | 53.61% | 1,501,170 | 49.92% | ||
| 200,051 | 40.25% | 1,482,943 | 49.31% | ||
| Tribal religion | 29,763 | 5.99% | 1,622 | 0.05% | |
| Others | 740 | 0.15% | 21,399 | 0.72% | |
| Total Population | 496,969 | 100% | 3,007,134 | 100% |
According to the 2011 census, 68.06% of the population spoke Bengali, 13.22% Surjapuri, 9.48% Urdu, 3.77% Santali, 3.76% Hindi and 1.03% Rajbongshi as their first language.[8] [9]
Bengali is the main language but a sizeable number of Urdu, Hindi and Maithili speaking people live in Islampur sub-division. It is one of the most backward districts of India educationally and economically owing to state neglect. The Bengali dialects spoken in the district are Varendri and Shershabadia.
Uttar Dinajpur District comprises two subdivisions:
As per order of the Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district is divided into nine assembly constituencies:[10]
| S No. | Name | Lok Sabha constituency | MLA | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 | Chopra | Darjeeling | Hamidul Rahman | ||
| 29 | Islampur | Raiganj | Abdul Karim Chowdhury | ||
| 30 | Goalpokhar | Md. Ghulam Rabbani | |||
| 31 | Chakulia | Minhajul Arfin Azad | |||
| 32 | Karandighi | Goutam Paul | |||
| 33 | Hemtabad (SC) | Satyajit Barman | |||
| 34 | Kaliaganj (SC) | Soumen Roy | |||
| 35 | Raiganj | ||||
| 36 | Itahar | Balurghat | Mosaraf Hussen | ||
Hemtabad and Kaliaganj constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Along with six assembly constituencies from Darjeeling district, Chopra constituency forms the Darjeeling (Lok Sabha constituency). Islampur, Goalpokhar, Chakulia, Karandighi, Hemtabad, Kaliaganj and Raiganj constituencies forms the Raiganj (Lok Sabha constituency). Along with six assembly constituencies from South Dinajpur district, Itahar forms the Balurghat (Lok Sabha constituency).
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Uttar Dinajpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the eleven districts in West Bengal currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[11] but now Dalkhola the main commercial, business town with well-connected railway and roadways, increasing the economy of Dalkhola and Uttar Dinajpur District. Other important urban regions include Raiganj, Islampur and Kaliaganj.
In 1985, Uttar Dinajpur district became home to the Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 1.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on.[12]
Other tourist places include:
Major railway stations are Raiganj(RGJ), Radhikapur (RDP), Kaliyagunj, Dalkolha and Aluabari Road Jn (Islampur). Dalkolha is most important stoppage of long-distance train. NH 27 and NH 12 are two National Highways in this District. Radhikapur-Kolkata (RDP-KOAA) Express train and Radhikapur-Howrah Kulik Express (RDP-HWH) are the two direct train for Raiganj to South Bengal Communication. Although RDP-SGUJ DEMU is the only direct train for Raiganj to North Bengal Communication. NBSTC, SBSTC are transport corporations serving the area. Siliguri More is that point zone which connect four district zone North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur, North Bengal and South Bengal through High Ways.
As of 2012, there were 3282 schools in the Uttar Dinajpur district. 3100 of these are in rural areas, and 182 urban.[13]
There is Raiganj University in Uttar Dinajpur situated at Raiganj.
Others general degree and diploma colleges are here also.
Some notable colleges such as: