Ustad Isa Explained

Ustad Isa Shirazi (Persian: استاد عيسى شیرازی translation Master Isa) was a Persian architect[1] from the city of Shiraz in Safavid Persia (modern-day Iran) often described as the assistant architect of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India.[2]

The lack of complete and reliable information as to whom the credit for the design belongs, led to innumerable speculations. Scholars suggest the story of Ustad Isa was born of the eagerness of the British in the 19th century to believe that such a beautiful building should be credited to a European architect. Local informants were reported to have started British curiosity regarding the origins of the Taj by also supplying them with fictitious lists of workmen and materials from all over Asia. Not much is currently known about his background though his surname Shirazi indicates Persian origin. Certain sources have conflated Ustad Isa Shirazi with Isa Muhammad Effendi,[3] which would corroborate a Turco-Persian origin.

Recent research suggests the architect, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri was the most likely candidate as the chief architect of the Taj Mahal, an assertion based on a claim made in writings by Lahauri's son Lutfullah Muhandis.[4] [5] [6] [7]

See also

Ustad Isa Shirazi was the assistant of Ustad Ahmad Lahori.

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Construction of the Taj Mahal . 2022-03-18 . www.wonders-of-the-world.net . Ustad Isa [Shirazi] and Isa Muhammad Effendi, from Persia: Architectural Designer.
  2. (Heather Kissock) Ustad Isa, Chief Designer page 16 Taj Mahal (The Builders including Ustad Isa) via Google Books, Published 2018, Retrieved 18 November 2021
  3. Web site: Creation History . 2022-03-18 . www.tajmahal.gov.in . Architects and Craftsmen; Ustad Isa and Isa Muhammad Effendi of Persia, Credited with a key role in the architectural design..
  4. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252/ Taj Mahal Description and Profile
  5. Asher, p.212
  6. Begley and Desai, p.65
  7. http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/ikram/part2_14.html The Age of Splendor (The Reign of Shah Jahan)