| Office of State Protection | |
| Native Name: | Urząd Ochrony Państwa |
| Native Name A: | UOP |
| Formed: | 1990 |
| Preceding1: | Służba Bezpieczeństwa |
| Dissolved: | 2002 |
| Superseding1: | Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego |
| Superseding2: | Agencja Wywiadu |
| Superseding6: | --> |
| Jurisdiction: | Poland |
| Headquarters: | Warsaw |
| Chief1 Name: | Andrzej Barcikowski |
| Parent Agency: | Ministry of Interior |
| Child25 Agency: | --> |
The Office of State Protection (Polish: Urząd Ochrony Państwa (pronounced as /pl/, UOP)[1]) was the intelligence agency of Poland from 1990 to 2002, when it was split into two new agencies.
The UOP was founded on 6 April 1990 as a department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Krzysztof Kozłowski served as the UOP's first chief from 1990 to 1992.[2] In 1996 UOP was transformed into a separate government agency under the supervision of the prime minister. It was responsible for intelligence, counter-intelligence and government electronic security, including telephone wiretaps.
The UOP replaced the communist-era Służba Bezpieczeństwa (SB), I Departament People's Republic of Poland Ministry of Internal Affairs – intelligence, II Departament People's Republic of Poland Ministry of Internal Affairs – counter-intelligence, whose responsibilities had additionally included the suppression of opposition to the government prior to 1989.
In June 2002, the agency was split into two separate entities – Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (Internal Security Agency), which deals with internal security of the country, and Agencja Wywiadu (Intelligence Agency), which deals with foreign intelligence.