Urocystidales Explained

The Urocystidales are an order of fungi within the class Ustilaginomycetes. The order contains 6 families and about 400 genera. They are a sister order to Ustilaginales.

Urocystidales is also known and classified as the smut fungi.[1] They are serious plant pathogens, Urocystis, is one of the representative genera of the order, it is an example of a smut genus that has a wide host range. The type species Urocystis occulta, was described as a pathogen on rye (Secale cereale).[2] They are found in marine and terrestrial environments.[3] The aquatic members of the Doassansiopsis genera are found in the tropics or subtropics.[4]

Morphology

They are distinguished from other fungi by the existence of haustoria (root-like structure) and pores in the septa of soral hyphae.[5]

Families

It was formed in 1997,[6] and consisted (then) of 4 families, (Doassansiopsidaceae, Glomosporiaceae, Melanotaeniaceae and Urocystidaceae with 1 genus.[7]

Later, Melanotaeniaceae was moved to the Ustilaginales order by Begerow et al. in 2006,[5] [8] and others were added such as Fereydouniaceae and Floromycetaceae in 2014, and Mycosyringaceae in 2008.[5] [9]

As accepted by GBIF[10] and others;[11]

Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per family.[10]

Note the DNA of family Doassansiopsidaceae has been studied.[13]

Ecology

The leaves of the water-lily (Nymphaea nouchali) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis nymphaea.[14]

The leaves of Caldesia parnassifolia (Alisma reniforme) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis hydrophila (syn Doassansiopsis martianoffiana).[15]

Other sources

Notes and References

  1. Lutz . Matthias . Vánky . Kálmán . Bauer . Robert . Melanoxa, a new genus in the Urocystidales (Ustilaginomycotina) . Mycological Progress . 2012 . 11 . 149–158.
  2. Web site: Urocystis occulta CBS 102.71 v1.0 . mycocosm.jgi.doe.gov . 13 August 2022.
  3. Web site: Urocystidales . www.marinespecies.org . WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species . 13 August 2022.
  4. E. B. Gareth Jones, Kevin D Hyde and Ka-Lai Pang (editors)
  5. David J. McLaughlin and Joseph W. Spatafora (editors)
  6. R. . Bauer . F. . Oberwinkler . K. . Vánky . Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa. . Can. J. Bot. . 1997 . 75 . 1273–1314 . 10.1139/b97-842.
  7. Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth
  8. Begerow D, Stoll M, Bauer R.2006. A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia 98: 906–916
  9. Vánky K, Lutz M, Bauer R.2008. About the genus Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae) and its new synonyms. Mycological Progress 7: 31–39
  10. Web site: Urocystidales . www.gbif.org . 14 August 2022 . en.
  11. Outline of Basidiomycota, Mao-Qiang He, Rui-Lin Zhao, in Encyclopedia of Mycology, 2021
  12. Vánky . Kálmán . Lutz . Matthias . Bauer . Robert . About the genus Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae) and its new synonyms . Mycological Progress . 2008 . 7 . 31–39.
  13. Begerow, D., Bauer, R. & Oberwinkler, F. 1998. Phylogenetic studies on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of smut fungi and related taxa. – Canadian Journal of Botany 75 [1997]: 2045-2056.
  14. Dr.V.R. Patil
  15. B D Borse, K N Borse, S Y Patil, C M Pawara, L C Nemade and V R Patil

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