Ural Federal District Explained

Ural Federal District
Native Name:Уральский федеральный округ
Native Name Lang:ru
Settlement Type:Federal district of Russia
Subdivision Type:Country
Established Title:Established
Established Date:13 May 2000
Seat Type:Administrative centre
Seat:Yekaterinburg
Leader Title:Presidential Envoy
Leader Name:Vladimir Yakushev
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Total Km2:1818500
Area Rank:3rd
Area Footnotes:[1]
Population Total:12080526
Total Type:Total
Population As Of:2010
Population Rank:6th
Population Density Km2:6.75
Population Urban:79.9%
Population Rural:20.1%
Blank Name Sec1:Federal subjects
Blank Info Sec1:6 contained
Blank1 Name Sec1:Economic regions
Blank1 Info Sec1:2 contained
Demographics Type2:GDP
Demographics2 Title1:Total
Demographics2 Info1: 20.073 trillion
US$ 287 billion (2022)
Demographics2 Title2:Per capita
Demographics2 Info2:₽ 1,635,678
US$ 23,402 (2022)
Blank Name Sec2:HDI (2021)
Blank Info Sec2:0.839[2]
· 2nd
Footnotes:
Wikidata:yes
Zoom:2

Ural Federal District (Russian: Уральский федеральный округ|p=ʊˈralʲskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the 2010 Census.The district was established on 13 May 2000 by a decree of the President of Russia.[3] It is located at the border of the European and Asian parts of Russia.[4] The administrative centre of the district is the city of Yekaterinburg.

The district contributes 18% to Russia's Gross Regional Product (GRP), although its population is only 8.5% of the Russian total.[5]

General information and statistics

Ethnic composition, according to the 2010 census:

The district covers an area of 1818500km2,[1] about 10% of Russia. According to the 2010 Census, the district had a population of 12,080,526, of whom 82.74% were Russians (10,237,992 people), 5.14% Tatars (636,454), 2.87% Ukrainians (355,087) and 2.15% Bashkirs (265,586). The remainder comprises various ethnicities of the former Soviet Union. 79.9% of the district's population lived in urban areas.

In 2006, the district provided 90% of Russian natural gas production, 68% of oil and 42% of metal products. Industrial production per capita in the district is about 2.5 times higher than the average value throughout Russia. The district provides about 42% of Russian tax incomes, mostly from industry. Its major branches are fuel mining and production (53%), metallurgy (24%) and metal processing and engineering (8.8%). The latter two are especially developed in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk Oblast which, between them, constitute 83% of Russian metallurgy and 73% of metal processing and engineering. Whereas fuel and mineral mining has been providing a nearly constant outcome between 1990 and 2006, metal processing and engineering are declining, despite the fact that they employ up to 30% of industry workers of the district. Local ore processing plants can provide only 20% of required copper, 28% chromium, 35% iron and 17% coal, and many of these resources are nearly exhausted. Meanwhile, the average distance to import them to the Ural is 2,500 km.[6]

The district is governed by the Presidential Envoy, and individual envoys are assigned by the President of Russia to all the Oblasts of the district. Pyotr Latyshev was envoy to the Urals Federal District until his death on 2 December 2008. Nikolay Vinnichenko succeeded him on this post on 8 December 2008.[7] On 6 September 2011 Vinnichenko was appointed the envoy to the Northwestern Federal District, and Yevgeny Kuyvashev became the Presidential Envoy in the Ural Federal District.[8] On 18 May 2012 Vladimir Putin offered the tenure to Igor Kholmanskikh, an engineer without any previous political experience, and Kholmanskikh accepted the offer.[9] On 26 June 2018, Kholmanskikh was replaced by Nikolay Tsukanov.[10]

Federal subjects

The district comprises the Central (part) and West Siberian economic regions and six federal subjects:

FlagCoat of ArmsFederal subjectAdministrative
center
Area in km2PopulationGDP[11] Map of Administrative Division
1Kurgan OblastKurgan71,000776,661₽268 billion
2Sverdlovsk OblastYekaterinburg194,2264,268,998₽3,038 billion
3Tyumen OblastTyumen143,5201,601,940₽1,536 billion
4Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Yugra)Khanty-Mansiysk534,8001,711,480₽5,652 billion
5Chelyabinsk OblastChelyabinsk87,9003,431,224₽2,043 billion
6Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous OkrugSalekhard750,300510,490₽4,162 billion
Source for names of federal subjects:[12] (note - source refers to 'regions' rather than Okrugs or Oblasts)

Religion

According to a 2012 survey 32.7% of the population of the Ural Federal District adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 6.9% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 3.4% is an Eastern Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Eastern Orthodox churches, 6.0% is an adherent of Islam, and 1.1% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery. In addition, 31.2% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 12.8% is atheist, and 5.9% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys to the Ural Federal District

Name (envoy)PhotoTerm of officeAppointed by
Start of termEnd of termLength of service
1Pyotr Latyshev[13] 18 May 20002 December 2008 (days)Vladimir Putin
-Vladimir Krupkin
(acting)
2 December 20088 December 2008 daysDmitry Medvedev
2Nikolay Vinnichenko[14] [15] 8 December 20086 September 2011 (days)
3Yevgeny Kuyvashev[16] [17] 6 September 201114 May 2012 days
4Igor Kholmanskikh[18] [19] 18 May 201226 June 2018 (days)Vladimir Putin
5Nikolay Tsukanov[20] 26 June 20189 November 2020 (days)
6Vladimir Yakushev9 November 2020present (days)

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г. . ru . MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014 . Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators - 2015 . . 26 July 2016.
  2. Web site: Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab. hdi.globaldatalab.org. en. 2021-07-20.
  3. Web site: Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2000 г. N 849 "О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" (Decree #849 by the President of Russia of May 13, 2000). ru.
  4. Web site: Ural Federal District. www.smsr-senclub.ru . https://web.archive.org/web/20120515161457/http://www.smsr-senclub.ru/en/region/index.php?SECTION_ID=350 . May 15, 2012.
  5. Book: Russia's Regions: Goals, Challenges, Achievements. 30 September 2016. National Human Development Report. July 2006. UNDP. 68. 5 Ural Federal District: The Backbone of the Nation’s Economy.
  6. Web site: http://www.uralfo.ru/?read=1272. ru:Екатеринбург, 02 Декабря 2006. ru. Official site of the Ural Federal District. dead. https://archive.today/20070812082803/http://www.uralfo.ru/?read=1272. August 12, 2007. mdy-all.
  7. Web site: Vinnichenko for Urals Federal District. ru. interfax.ru.
  8. Web site: http://www.kremlin.ru/news/12591. ru:О назначении полпредов Президента в ряде федеральных округов. Администрация Президента РФ. ru. 20 May 2012 . September 6, 2011 .
  9. News: Предложение президента для Игоря Холманских стало неожиданностью. May 18, 2012. Vesti.ru. Russian. May 20, 2012.
  10. Web site: Игорь Холманских уволен с поста полпреда президента в Уральском федеральном округе. 26 June 2018. Meduza. ru. 27 June 2018.
  11. Web site: Валовой региональный продукт. rosstat.gov.ru.
  12. Web site: Ural region . Corporation of Development . 26 January 2014 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202210200/http://www.en.cupp.ru/region.html . February 2, 2014 .
  13. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 18.05.2000 г. № 893. Kremlin.ru. 18 May 2000 . 16 November 2019. ru.
  14. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 08.12.2008 г. № 1749. Kremlin.ru. 8 December 2008. 16 November 2019. ru.
  15. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 06.09.2011 г. № 1162. Kremlin.ru. 6 September 2011. 16 November 2019. ru.
  16. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 06.09.2011 г. № 1164. Kremlin.ru. 6 September 2011. 16 November 2019. ru.
  17. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 14.05.2012 г. № 619. Kremlin.ru. 14 May 2012. 16 November 2019. ru.
  18. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 18.05.2012 г. № 626. Kremlin.ru. 18 May 2012. 16 November 2019. ru.
  19. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.06.2018 г. № 366. Kremlin.ru. 26 June 2018. 16 November 2019. ru.
  20. Web site: Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.06.2018 г. № 371. Kremlin.ru. 26 June 2018. 16 November 2019. ru.