United States women's Pan American Games basketball team explained

The Pan American Team is one of the teams under the auspices of the USA Basketball organization. The Pan American Games are held every four years in the year before the Olympics. The first Pan American Games were held in 1951, but those games were men only. The second Pan American games in 1955 included women's teams. Eligible teams are the members of FIBA Americas. The USA has participated every year since the 1955 event, except for 1995, when the game were canceled, due to too few teams committed to play.[1]

Participants in the Pan American games included the very best ever to be part of the sport–ten players ended up in the Naismith Hall of Fame, including Cheryl Miller, Nancy Lieberman and Lusia Harris. Hall of Fame members Jody Conradt, Billie Moore, Cathy Rush, C. Vivian Stringer and Kay Yow were coaches for Pan American teams, while Denise Curry and Pat Summitt participated both as players and coaches.

History

AAU era

In the early years of the Pan American (Pan Am) games, the players came from the AAU teams. The players for the 1955 team were drawn primarily from Hanes Hosiery Mills, Wayland College Flying Queens, the Dons, and Dowells Dolls.[2] These four teams played each other in a tournament to help select the players for the Pan Am team. Hanes Hosiery came in first ahead of Wayland Baptist. This result would not be surprising, as these were the two dominant teams of the era. Hanes Hosiery won the AAU national championship in 1951, 1952, and 1953, beating Wayland two of those three years, and Wayland would go on to win the national championship the net four years 1954–1957.[3] Not surprisingly, the twelve player Pan American team was dominated by these two teams, with six Wayland Baptist players and three from Hanes Hosiery. While Wayland provided the largest number of players, Hanes provided the captain, Lurlyne Greer Mealhouse, who would score over 18 points per game, more than twice the second highest scorer, and still the third highest scoring average in Pan American history.[4] Greer was considered to be the best AAU player of her era.[5]

The 1959 team continued to draw from AAU ranks, with even more participation from the dominant team of the era, Wayland Baptist College. The team that year was largely made up of the Wayland Baptist team, including the head coach Harley Redin, and a few stars from other teams. The USA team would go on to win all eight games and the gold medal. The AAU influence would continue through 1971, with players from teams like the Raytown Piperettes, and St. Joseph's Pepsi-Cola, along with multiple representatives from the Nashville Business College and Wayland Baptist teams. The coaches were also drawn from these ranks, with Nashville Business College's John Head as head coach in 1963, and a second stint at head coach by Harley Redin in 1971. The USA team was dominant in the beginning, winning the gold medal in their first three appearances, then settled for the silver medal in 1967 and 1971, with the latter team being led by Linda Gamble.

College era

Although many of the players on earlier teams were playing at colleges, the competitions were organized by the AAU. Over time, the emphasis shifted to college organizations.[6] The Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics for Women started in 1967, then evolved into the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women in 1971. With the enactment of Title IX in 1972, the growth of women's sports in general, and women's basketball in particular, grew significantly in this era. The AIAW organized national championships starting in 1972, and the USA Basketball teams increasing drew from the ranks of the AIAW members.

In 1975, the Pan Am team included players such as Nancy Lieberman, Lusia Harris, Pat Head, and Ann Meyers, and coach Cathy Rush, each of whom would be inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. The gold medal winning 1975 team was especially dominant, winning all seven games convincingly. The closest game was the final against Brazil, and that game was won by the USA team 74–55.

The 1979 team, with Pat Head now coaching instead of playing, had high hopes to repeat as gold medal winners. Virtually the same team had won the gold at the world Championships, and the gold at the Jones Cup competition. however, the final game pitted undefeated USA against undefeated Cuba, and the Cuban team prevailed, 91–86.

The 1983 team returned to gold medal form, winning all five games in Caracas, Venezuela. The scoring leaders were Cheryl Miller, Lynette Woodard at 19.8 and 19.0 points per game, respectively. The team also included Anne Donovan and Kim Mulkey, now better known as coaches.[7]

2011

The 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico began on 14 October, but the women's basketball events commenced on the 21st. The team practiced in Texas, and left for Mexico on the 18th of October. The head coach of the USA team was Ceal Barry, from the University of Colorado, who was assisted by Jennifer Gillom and Debbie Ryan.

USA versus Argentina

The USA team fell to Argentina 58-55 in their opening match. The USA team opened strong, ending the first period with a 14-point lead, but the USA team let up, and the Argentines closed the half with a 15-5 run which cut the margin to four. There were six lead changes in the final quarter, but when the USA team failed to convert a layup in the final seconds of the game which would have tied the score, the USA team was forced to foul, and the team from Argentina won by three points. Despite the loss, there were some individual highlights. Breanna Stewart is the only high school player on the team, and the only high school player on a Pan Am team other than Nancy Lieberman. Despite being younger than her teammates, Stewart scored 18 points and pulled down 21 rebounds, setting a Pan Am record for a USA player. Katelan Redmon hit six of her eleven shots to score 16 points for the USA team.

USA versus Puerto Rico

The USA team lost against Puerto Rico 75-70, in a game that was tied in the fourth quarter. The USA team easily won the rebounding battle 44-28, and shot slightly better than Puerto Rico (38% versus 37%), but had eight more turnovers. The USA team started strong, scoring the first five points of the game, and extending the lead to 19-5 in the first quarter. However, the USA team only managed eight points in the second quarter, and the half came to a close with the score tied at 33 points apiece. Breanna Stewart had a double-double, with a team high 14 points, and eleven rebounds, tying her with Shante Evans for the rebounding honors.

The second loss eliminates the USA from medal contention, not only stopping the team from defending the 2007 Gold Medal, but removing them from medal contention for the first time In Pan Am history.

USA versus Mexico

In the final match of the first round, the USA team defeated previously undefeated Mexico 87-58. The host team lead at the end of the first quarter by four points, and still lead at the half by three, but the USA outscored Mexico 35-15 in the third quarter to take a commanding lead. The leading scorer for the USA was again Breanna Stewart, with 17 points. Also scoring in double digits were Christine Flores, April Sykes and Emilie Johnson. Katelan Redmon was the leading rebounder on the team with ten rebounds. The USA finished fourth in their bracket, and go on to play Jamaica for seventh place.

USA versus Jamaica

After a slow start, the USA team put together an 18-2 run, and coasted to an easy victory over the Jamaica team by a score of 87-41, securing a seventh place overall finish in the event. Tavelyn James was the leading scorer with 19 points, while Shante Evans and Avery Warley each secured ten rebounds. Although still a high school student, Breanna Stewart earned spots in the USA Pan Am competition record books, setting single game rebounds record with 21 rebounds in a game. She also had nine blocks in the competition, putting her in second place, and her 88.5% free throw shooting is the fourth best ever.

2015

The 2015 Pan American Games were held from July 10 to 26, 2015 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with the official women's basketball events running from July 16 through July 20. The head coach of the USA team was Lisa Bluder, from the University of Iowa, and the two assistants were Michelle Clark-Heard of Western Kentucky University and Scott Rueck of Oregon State University.

USA versus Brazil

The opening game, held on July 16, was against Brazil. The USA started off strong opening up a 16-point lead in the second quarter but Brazil fought back and took a small two point lead in the third quarter with a 14–0 run. The USA team regrouped and one on an 11–2 run of their own to take over control of the game. Brazil wasn't finished, and cut the lead to four points with just under two minutes to go. The USA held Brazil to only one more score in the final two minutes and won the game 75–39.

USA versus Dominican Republic

The next day, the USA faced the Dominican Republic. By the end of the first quarter the USA was up 32–6 and cruised to an easy victory. The USA was able to give all 11 players double digit minutes. Five players, led by Stuart had double digit points. Sophie Brunner and Taya Reimer tied for the lead in rebounds with six. Kelsey Plum led the team in assists with five. The final score in favor of the USA was 94–55.

USA versus Puerto Rico

On Saturday, the USA completed the preliminary rounds with the game against Puerto Rico. The US a jump to an early 7–2 lead with two three-pointers by Jefferson, but Puerto Rico was hitting the three-pointers and trail by only a single .24–23 at the end of the first quarter. Coates and Stewart combined for the first 14 points of the second quarter, but Carla Cortijo Sanchez, who played college ball at the University of Texas, scored 10 points of her own to keep the Puerto Rican team close. Puerto Rico outscored the USA in the third quarter, and were only behind by three points at the beginning of the final quarter. Unfortunately, Cortijo sustained an injury and would be unable to play the rest of the game. She had scored 24 points when she left. Without her, the USA lead grew quickly to double digits than to 18 points. The USA ended with the win 93–77, which secured first place in their group and a place in the quarterfinals. Stewart and Coates ended with 24 and 23 points respectively and each recorded a double double. Jefferson led the team in assists with six.

USA versus Cuba

In the final preliminary game Cuba faced Canada. Although they were behind by 12 at the end of the third quarter, they mounted a furious comeback and almost pulled out the victory, losing a close game 71–68. That left Canada as the leading team in their group, and Cuba in second place facing the USA in the semifinal. USA fell behind early with Cuba scoring five points before the USA got on the board. The USA came back, but did not take the first lead until less than a minute left in the first quarter. The second quarter belong to Cuba as they outscored the US 20–8 to take an 11-point lead at the half. The USA was down by as much as 14 points early in the second half but the USA responded in the third quarter, outscoring Cuba 20–11. However, the lead still favored Cuba entering the fourth quarter. The game was tied several times in the fourth quarter, and Cuba had a small one point lead with a minute and a half to go in the game. Coates scored to give the USA a lead but Cuba responded to retake the lead. Then, with seconds left in the game Harper drove to the basket and did not score but was fouled. She hit both free throws to give the USA and one point game. Cuba had a final possession to take the lead back but Harper stole the ball to give the close victory to the USA 65–64.

USA versus Canada

The gold-medal game matched up USA against the host team Canada, in a sold out arena dominated by fans in red and white and waving the Canadian flag. The Canadian team, arm in arm, sang Oh Canada as the respective national anthems were played.

After trading baskets early the US edged out to a double-digit lead in the second quarter. However the Canadians, spurred on by the home crowd cheering, fought back and tied up the game at halftime. In the third quarter, it was Canada's time to shine as they outscore the US 26–15. The lead would reach as high as 18 points. The USA would fight back, but not all the way and Canada won the game and the gold-medal 81–73. It was Canada's first gold-medal in basketball in the Pan Am games. Nurse was the star for Canada with 33 points, hitting 11 of her 12 free-throw attempts in 10 of her 17 field-goal attempts including two of three three-pointers.

Coaches and results

The following people were head coaches, assistant coaches and managers at Pan American competitions:[18]

FirstLastPositionCoached atYearW–LResultsLocation
MildredBarnesManagerWarrensburg, MO19757–0Gold MedalMexico City, Mexico
CealBarryHead coachUniversity of Colorado20112–27thGuadalajara, Mexico
KathiBennettAssistant coachIndiana University20035–2Silver MedalSanto Domingo, Dominican Republic
JoanBonviciniAssistant coachUniversity of Arizona19914–2Bronze MedalHavana, Cuba
JodyConradtHead coachUniversity of Texas19874–0Gold MedalIndianapolis, Indiana, USA
AlbertaCoxHead coachRaytown Piperettes (MO)19676–2Silver MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
DeniseCurryAssistant coachCalifornia State Fullerton19994–3Bronze MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
KathyDelaney-SmithAssistant coachHarvard University (MA)20075–0Gold MedalRio de Janeiro, Brazil
MargaretDowningManagerSouthern State College (AR)19676–2Silver MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
MargaretDowningManagerSouthern State College (AR)19715–1Silver MedalCali, Colombia
LinDunnManagerPurdue University (IN)19874–0Gold MedalIndianapolis, Indiana, USA
PaulaEdneyHead coachAthletes in Action1995Competition Cancelled Mar del Plata, Argentina
TonyaEdwardsAssistant coachNorthwestern Community High School (MI)1995Competition Cancelled Mar del Plata, Argentina
NellFortnerHead coachUSA Basketball19994–3Bronze MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
FranGarmonHead coachTexas Christian University19835–0Gold MedalCaracas, Venezuela
BillGibbonsAssistant coachThe College of the Holy Cross (MA)20075–0Gold MedalRio de Janeiro, Brazil
PeggieGillomAssistant coachTexas A&M University19994–3Bronze MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
JenniferGillomAssistant coachUSA Basketball20112–27thGuadalajara, Mexico
Betty_JoGraberAssistant coachWeatherford College (TX)19795–1Silver MedalSan Juan, Puerto Rico
JohnHeadHead coachNashville Business College (TN)19636–1Gold MedalSão Paulo, Brazil
PatHeadHead coachUniversity of Tennessee19795–1Silver MedalSan Juan, Puerto Rico
PhyllisHolmesManagerGreenville College (IL)19835–0Gold MedalCaracas, Venezuela
CaddoMathewsHead coachWayland Col. Flying Queens (TX)19558–0Gold MedalMexico City, Mexico
ColleenMatsuharaAssistant coachUniversity of Texas19874–0Gold MedalIndianapolis, Indiana, USA
TennieMcGheeAssistant coachNashville Business College (TN)19636–1Gold MedalSão Paulo, Brazil
LaurineMickelsenManagerAAU (Murray, UT)19598–0Gold MedalChicago, Illinois, USA
BillieMooreAssistant coachFullerton State University (CA)19757–0Gold MedalMexico City, Mexico
CindyNoble-HausermanAssistant coachCentre College (KY)1995Competition Cancelled Mar del Plata, Argentina
TrinaPattersonAssistant coachUniversity of Albany (NY)20035–2Silver MedalSanto Domingo, Dominican Republic
LeaPlarskiManagerSt. Louis Community College at Florissant Valley (MO)19795–1Silver MedalSan Juan, Puerto Rico
HarleyRedinHead coachWayland Baptist College (TX)19598–0Gold MedalChicago, Illinois, USA
HarleyRedinHead coachWayland Baptist College (TX)19715–1Silver MedalCali, Colombia
OlanRubleAssistant coachIowa Wesleyan College19676–2Silver MedalWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
CathyRushHead coachImmaculata College (PA)19757–0Gold MedalMexico City, Mexico
DebbieRyanHead coachUniversity of Virginia20035–2Silver MedalSanto Domingo, Dominican Republic
DebbieRyanAssistant coachUniversity of Virginia (retired)20112–27thGuadalajara, Mexico
DawnStaleyHead coachTemple University20075–0Gold MedalRio de Janeiro, Brazil
MarianneStanleyAssistant coachUniversity of Southern California19914–2Bronze MedalHavana, Cuba
C._VivianStringerHead coachUniversity of Iowa19914–2Bronze MedalHavana, Cuba
LillianVan_BlarcomManagerAAU (Wichita, KS)19558–0Gold MedalMexico City, Mexico
DeanWeeseAssistant coachAAU (Spearman, TX)19715–1Silver MedalCali, Colombia
KayYowAssistant coachNorth Carolina State University19835–0Gold MedalCaracas, Venezuela
Lisa Bluder Head coach University of Iowa 2015 4–1 Silver Medal Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Michelle Clark-Heard Assistant coach Western Kentucky University 2015 4–1 Silver Medal Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Scott Rueck Assistant coach Oregon State University 2015 4–1 Silver Medal Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Players

The following players participated on Pan American teams:[19]

FirstLastYearPlayed at
MateeAjavon2007Rutgers
RitaAlexander1955Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
NickyAnosike2007Tennessee
JayneAppel2007Stanford
C._PhillipsAspedon1967Raytown Piperettes
JenniferAzzi1991Stanford
DorisBarding1963Nashville Business College
JaniceBeach1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
CatherineBenedetto1967Central Washington
JenniBenningfield2003Vanderbilt
CarolBlazejowski1979Montclair State College
CarolBollinger1971Ouachita Baptist
SusanBritton1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
BarbaraBrown1979Stephen F. Austin State
CindyBrown1987Long Beach State
EdwinaBrown1999Texas
RebekkahBrunson2003Georgetown
CarolynBush1975Wayland Baptist
EdnaCampbell1995Texas
RubyCannon1955Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
RuthCannon1955Hutcherson Flying QueensWayland Baptist College
JamieCarey2003Texas
BronaCoble1963Nashville Business College
MarissaColeman2007Maryland
CherylCook1983Cincinnati
CynthiaCooper1987Southern California
JoanCrawford1959Nashville Business College
JoanCrawford1963Nashville Business College
SylviaCrawley1995North Carolina
SylviaCrawley1999Portland Power
BethCunningham1999Philadelphia Rage / Notre Dame
DeniseCurry1979UCLA
DeniseCurry1983UCLA
LucilleDavidson1959Ray Smith Fords
ClarissaDavis1987Texas
MyrnaDeBerry1967Ouachita Baptist
KarenDeden1995Washington
MedinaDixon1991Old Dominion
AnneDonovan1983Old Dominion
AnneDonovan1987Old Dominion
CarolynDornak1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
NancyDunkle1975California State Fullerton
RitaEasterling1975Mississippi College-Women
TeresaEdwards1987Georgia
TeresaEdwards1991Georgia
MichelleEdwards1991Iowa
KamieEthridge1987Texas
DenaEvans1995Virginia
ShanteEvans2011Hofstra
SandraFiete1963St. Joseph Pepsi-Cola
Mary_LoisFinley1967Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
ChristineFlores2011Missouri
EmilyFox2007Minnesota
EuniceFutch1955Hanes Hosiery Mills
KatrynaGaither1999San Jose Lasers / Notre Dame
LindaGamble1971Ouachita Baptist
BettyGaule1967Raytown Piperettes Missouri-Kansas City
JenniferGillom1987Mississippi
MollyGoodenbour1995Stanford
BridgetteGordon1991Tennessee
LolaHam1967Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
LusiaHarris1975Delta State
FranHarris1987Texas
PatHead1975Tennessee-Martin
Patty_JoHedges1983Kentucky
TaraHeiss1979Maryland
SonjaHenning1991Stanford
AmyHerrig1999Iowa
RoneekaHodges2003Florida State
RitaHorky1959Nashville Business College/Iowa Wesleyan
RitaHorky1963Nashville Business College/Iowa Wesleyan
AlexisHornbuckle2007Tennessee
ChardéHouston2007Connecticut
MelodyHoward1995Southwest Missouri State
TashaHumphrey2007Georgia
LisaIngram1983Northeast Louisiana
Thelma_GayIvey1959Clarendon J. C.
TavelynJames2011Eastern Michigan
EmilieJohnson2011UC Santa Barbara
EvelynJordan1955Hanes Hosiery Mills
MarissaKastanek2011North Carolina State
KrisKirchner1979Maryland
JoyceKite1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
EdithKline1955Midland Jewelry
LaurieKoehn2003Kansas State
VenusLacy1991Louisiana Tech
ErlanaLarkins2007North Carolina
JaniceLawrence1983Louisiana Tech
CharlotteLewis1975Illinois State
NancyLieberman1975Far Rockaway H. S.
NancyLieberman1979Old Dominion
AndreaLloyd1987Texas
AndreaLloyd1991Texas
CarlaLowry1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
KeviLuper2011Oral Roberts
MichelleMarciniak1999Nashville Noise / Tennessee
GlynaMasten1963Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
JudyMatlock1967Raytown Piperettes Missouri-Kansas City
JanelMcCarville2003Minnesota
KatrinaMcClain1987Georgia
KatrinaMcClain1991Georgia
AngelMcCoughtry2007Louisville
DanielleMcCulley1999Portland Power / Western Kentucky
ValenciaMcFarland2011Mississippi
PamMcGee1983Southern California
CarlaMcGhee1995Tennessee
L._GreerMealhouse1955Hanes Hosiery Mills/Little Rock J. C.
AnnMeyers1975UCLA
AnnMeyers1979UCLA
CarolynMiller1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
CarolynMiller1967Houston Jets/ Wayland
CherylMiller1983Southern California
LoreeMoore2003Tennessee
KimMulkey1983Louisiana Tech
PatsyNeal1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
SallyNerren1963Nashville Business College
GlendaNicholson1959Iowa Wesleyan
CindyNoble1983Tennessee
Mary_AnnO'Connor1975Southern Connecticut State
LometaOdom1955Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
AnitaPalmer1971Wisconsin
TariPhillips1995Central Florida
LaTaunyaPollard1983Long Beach State
NicolePowell2003Stanford
LynnPride1999Kansas
JillRankin1979Wayland Baptist
CherriRapp1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
CherriRapp1975Wayland Baptist
KatelanRedmon2011Gonzaga
DorisRogers1963Nashville Business College
SueRojcewicz1975Southern Connecticut State
Annette_KayRutt1967Raytown Piperettes/Illinois State
NormaSchwarz1963Sioux Machinery/Westmar College
MarshaScoggin1959Hutcherson Flying Queens /Wayland Baptist College
BettyScott1963Hutcherson Flying Queens/ Wayland Baptist College
AlisaScott1987Mississippi
EvelynSearles1959Dowell's Dolls
BeckyShaw1971Raytown Piperettes
MarciaShieldknight1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/ Wayland Baptist College
JulieneSimpson1975John F. Kennedy College
Barbara_AnnSipes1955K. C. Dons/ Iowa Wesleyan
Barbara_AnnSipes1967Raytown Piperettes/ Iowa Wesleyan
MaurieceSmith1967Raytown Piperettes/Missouri-Kansas City
MaurienneSmithson1955Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
DawnStaley1995Virginia
KaylaStandish2011Gonzaga
KatySteding1995Stanford
JuneStewart1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
BreannaStewart2011Cicero-North Syracuse H.S./North Syracuse, N.Y.
AndreaStinson1991North Carolina State
ReginaStreet1991Memphis State
AnnStrother2003Connecticut
LoisStuflick1971Parsons College
JackieSwaim1979Texas
LauraSwitzer1963Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
SherylSwoopes1995Texas Tech
AprilSykes2011Rutgers
LindsayTaylor2003UC Santa Barbara
MelThomas2007Connecticut
IcissTillis2003Duke
JanTrombly1979Old Dominion
BarbaraTurner2003Connecticut
ItoroUmoh1999Clemson
SandyVan_Cleave1971Parsons College
RosieWalker1979Stephen F. Austin State
DeMyaWalker1999Virginia
AveryWarley2011Liberty
HollyWarlick1979Tennessee
KatherineWashington1959Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
UmekiWebb1999Phoenix Mercury / North Carolina State
Jo_HelenWhite1955Dowell's Dolls/West Texas State
ValeriaWhiting1995Stanford
SueWicks1987Rutgers
CandiceWiggins2007Stanford
LorraineWilliams1963Iowa Wesleyan
MaryWilliams1971Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
FayeWilson1955Hutcherson Flying Queens/Wayland Baptist College
DixieWoodall1967Raytown Piperettes
LynetteWoodard1983Kansas
LynetteWoodard1991Kansas
DanaWynne1999Colorado Xplosion / Seton Hall
Sophie Brunner 2015 Arizona State - Alaina Coates 2015 South Carolina - Caroline Coyer 2015 Villanova - Linnae Harper 2015 Kentucky - Moriah Jefferson 2015 Connecticut - Stephanie Mavunga 2015 North Carolina - Tiffany Mitchell 2015 South Carolina - Kelsey Plum 2015 Washington - Taya Reimer 2015 Notre Dame - Breanna Stewart 2015 Connecticut - Shatori Walker-Kimbrough 2015 Maryland - Courtney B. Williams 2015 Texas A&M

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Twelfth Pan American Games -- 1995. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043901/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1995.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  2. Web site: Second Pan American Games -- 1955. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044000/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1955.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  3. Ikard p 216-217
  4. Ikard p 84
  5. Ikard p 80
  6. Grundy p 167 "But with the rise of college programs... the AAU had ceased to play a dominant role in top-level national sports...
  7. Web site: Ninth Pan American Games -- 1983. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044011/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1983.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  8. Web site: Third Pan American Games -- 1959. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044008/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1959.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  9. Web site: Fourth Pan American Games -- 1963. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043944/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1963.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  10. Web site: Fifth Pan American Games -- 1967. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044002/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1967.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  11. Web site: Sixth Pan American Games -- 1971. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043903/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1971.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  12. Web site: Eighth Pan American Games -- 1979. Jun 10, 2010. USA Basketball. 15 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150907033557/http://www.usab.com/history/pan-am-womens/eighth-pan-american-games-1979-1.aspx . 7 September 2015. dead.
  13. Web site: Tenth Pan American Games -- 1987. Jun 10, 2010. USA Basketball. https://web.archive.org/web/20150907035355/http://www.usab.com/history/pan-am-womens/tenth-pan-american-games-1987-1.aspx. 7 September 2015. dead. 15 Oct 2015.
  14. Web site: Eleventh Pan American Games -- 1991. Feb 20, 2014. USA Basketball. https://web.archive.org/web/20150907195430/http://www.usab.com/history/pan-am-womens/eleventh-pan-american-games-1991.aspx. 7 September 2015. dead. 15 Oct 2015.
  15. Web site: Thirteenth Pan American Games -- 1999. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043908/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_1999.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  16. Web site: Fourteenth Pan American Games -- 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043949/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_2003.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  17. Web site: Fifteenth Pan American Games -- 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044013/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_2007.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  18. Web site: USA Pan American Games Team All-Time Coaching Staff. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044352/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_coaches.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.
  19. Web site: USA Women's All-Time Pan American Games Alphabetical Roster. https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044500/http://archive.usab.com/womens/panamerican/wpag_alpha_roster.html. dead. August 8, 2014. USA Basketball. 3 August 2014.