2020 United States presidential election in Wisconsin explained

Election Name:2020 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
Country:Wisconsin
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
College Voted:yes
Previous Election:2016 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
Previous Year:2016
Election Date:November 3, 2020
Next Election:2024 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
Next Year:2024
Turnout:72.3%
Image1:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Joe Biden
Party1:Democratic Party of Wisconsin
Home State1:Delaware
Running Mate1:Kamala Harris
Electoral Vote1:10
Popular Vote1:1,630,866
Percentage1:
Nominee2:Donald Trump
Party2:Republican Party of Wisconsin
Home State2:Florida
Running Mate2:Mike Pence
Electoral Vote2:0
Popular Vote2:1,610,184
President
Before Election:Donald Trump
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Joe Biden
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

The 2020 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated.[1] Wisconsin voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, incumbent President Donald Trump, and running mate Vice President Mike Pence against Democratic Party nominee, former Vice President Joe Biden, and his running mate California Senator Kamala Harris. Wisconsin has 10 electoral votes in the Electoral College.[2]

The 2020 Democratic National Convention was scheduled to be held at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, but it was moved to the nearby Wisconsin Center due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[3] [4]

Polls of Wisconsin in the lead-up to election day showed a clear Biden lead, averaging in the high single digits. Prior to election day, most news organizations considered that the state was leaning towards Biden. Wisconsin was ultimately won by Biden by a narrow 0.63% margin over Trump, a far closer margin than expected and the closest margin since 2004. Trump had won the state in 2016 by 0.77% against Hillary Clinton; however, Biden carried the state with a slightly larger margin than Al Gore or John Kerry did in either 2000 or 2004, respectively. Once again, Trump massively outperformed his polling average, which had Biden up 8.4 points in the state, but not enough to win the state. Trump held his own in counties in northern Wisconsin and also in the WOW counties.[5]

Biden won the highest vote share for a Democrat in Waukesha County, at 38.8%, since Jimmy Carter in 1976.[6] Trump carried Brown County, which is Republican-leaning but competitive, though Biden won the city of Green Bay and improved on Clinton's margin in the county at large by about 3.7 points.[7] Biden won back Sauk County, a county in the driftless region of southwestern Wisconsin; Biden also flipped Door County, which has voted for the winning candidate in each election since 1980, save for 1992.

On November 18, Trump announced that he would request a recount in Milwaukee County and Dane County.[8] [9] On November 29, both counties re-affirmed Biden's victory, giving him a net gain of 87 votes over Trump.[10]

With Ohio, Florida, and Iowa backing the losing candidate for the first time since 1960, 1992, and 2000 respectively, this election established Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania as the states with the longest bellwether streak still in effect today. The last time any of them voted against the winning candidate was 2004, when all three voted for losing Democrat John Kerry.

Wisconsin voted 3.77% more Republican than the nation in general. This is the first time since 2004 that Wisconsin did not vote for the same candidate as neighboring Iowa.

Primary elections

Republican primary

Incumbent President Donald Trump ran unopposed in the Republican primary, and thus received all of Wisconsin's 52 delegates to the 2020 Republican National Convention.[11]

2020 Wisconsin Republican primary!Candidate!Votes!%!Delegates
616,78097.87%52
Adam Nicholas Paul (write-in)2460.04%
Uninstructed11,2461.78%
Scattering1,9240.31%
Total630,196100%52

General election

Final predictions

SourceRanking
The Cook Political Report[12]
Inside Elections[13]
Sabato's Crystal Ball[14]
Politico[15]
RCP[16]
Niskanen[17]
CNN[18]
The Economist[19]
CBS News[20]
270towin[21]
ABC News[22]
NPR[23]
NBC News[24]
538[25]

Polling

Graphical summary

Aggregate polls

Donald
Trump
! class="unsortable"
Joe
Biden
Other/
Undecided
Margin
270 to Win[26] November 1–2, 2020November 3, 202042.8%52.0%5.2%Biden +9.2
Real Clear Politics[27] October 21 – November 1, 2020November 3, 202044.3%51.0%4.7%Biden +6.7
FiveThirtyEight[28] until November 2, 2020November 3, 202043.7%52.1%4.2%Biden +8.4
Average43.6%51.7%4.7%Biden +8.1

2020 polls

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump
Joe
Biden
Jo
Jorgensen
Howie
Hawkins
OtherUndecided
SurveyMonkey/Axios[29] Oct 20 – Nov 22,814 (LV)± 2.5%44%54%--––
Research Co.[30] Oct 31 – Nov 1450 (LV)± 4.6%45%54%--1%7%
Change Research/CNBC[31] Oct 29 – Nov 1553 (LV)± 4.17%45%53%2%-–0%
Civiqs/Daily Kos[32] Oct 29 – Nov 1789 (LV)± 3.6%47%51%--1%0%
Swayable[33] Oct 27 – Nov 1253 (LV)± 8.2%45%55%1%-––
Ipsos/Reuters[34] Oct 27 – Nov 1696 (LV)± 4.2%43%53%2%0%2%–
43%53%--2%2%
45%53%--2%–
AtlasIntel[35] Oct 30–31781 (LV)± 3%49%51%--–1%
Susquehanna Polling & Research Inc./Center for American Greatness[36] Oct 29–31450 (LV)± 4.6%46%49%--2%1%
Morning Consult[37] Oct 22–311,002 (LV)± 3%41%54%--––
Emerson College[38] Oct 29–30751 (LV)± 3.1%45%52%--2%–
AtlasIntel[39] Oct 29–30672 (LV)± 4%50%49%--2%–
CNN/SSRS[40] Oct 29–30873 (LV)± 3.9%44%52%3%-0%2%
Siena College/NYT Upshot[41] Oct 26–301,253 (LV)± 3.2%41%52%2%-1%4%
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[42] Oct 26–29800 (LV)–41%53%2%-1%2%
SurveyMonkey/Axios[43] Oct 1–284,569 (LV)± 2.0%43%55%--––
Swayable[44] Oct 23–26313 (LV)± 7.2%45%54%1%-––
Ipsos/Reuters[45] Oct 20–26664 (LV)± 4.3%44%53%2%1%3%–
44%53%--2%2%
Trafalgar Group[46] Oct 24–251,082 (LV)± 2.89%47%47%3%-1%1%
Marquette Law School[47] Oct 21–25749 (LV)± 4.4%43%48%2%-7%0%
ABC/Washington Post[48] Oct 20–25809 (LV)± 4%40%57%2%-1%1%
Gravis Marketing[49] Oct 23677 (LV)± 3.8%43%54%--–3%
YouGov/University of Wisconsin-Madison[50] Oct 13–21647 (LV)± 4.07%44%53%--3%–
Fox News[51] Oct 17–201,037 (LV)± 3%44%49%2%-1%4%
RMG Research/PoliticalIQ[52] Oct 14–20800 (LV)± 3.5%44%50%--3%4%
42%52%--3%4%
45%48%--3%4%
Morning Consult[53] Oct 11–201,038 (LV)± 3%42%54%--––
Susquehanna Polling and Research Inc./Center for American Greatness[54] Oct 16–19500 (LV)± 4.3%45%45%5%-3%3%
Change Research/CNBC[55] Oct 16–19447 (LV)–44%52%--––
Latino Decisions/DFER[56] Oct 14–19400 (LV)± 5%45%50%--–4%
Ipsos/Reuters[57] Oct 13–19663 (LV)± 4.3%45%51%2%0%3%–
43%51%--3%3%
Trafalgar Group[58] Oct 14–161,051 (LV)± 2.94%46%48%2%-1%3%
YouGov/CBS[59] Oct 13–161,112 (LV)± 3.5%45%50%--3%2%
Trafalgar Group/Restoration PAC[60] Oct 11–131,043 (LV)± 2.95%45%47%3%–2%3%
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[61] Oct 10–13691 (LV)–40%53%2%0%––
David Binder Research/Focus on Rural America[62] Oct 10–13200 (LV)–43%53%--––
Civiqs/Rust Belt Rising[63] Oct 8–11560 (LV)± 4.4%45%53%--2%1%
Siena College/NYT Upshot[64] Oct 8–11789 (LV)± 4%41%51%3%-0%5%
Ipsos/Reuters[65] Oct 6–11577 (LV)± 4.7%45%51%2%0%1%–
44%51%--3%2%
Morning Consult[66] Oct 2–111,067 (LV)± 3%44%51%--––
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[67] Oct 9–10613 (LV)–45%49%2%-––
Baldwin Wallace University[68] Sep 30 – Oct 8883 (LV)± 3.4%43%49%2%0%1%6%
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[69] Oct 4–7688 (LV)± 3.74%41%51%1%-1%6%
Ipsos/Reuters[70] Sep 29 – Oct 5601 (LV)± 4.6%44%50%--2%4%
Change Research/CNBC[71] Oct 2–4442 (LV)–44%51%--––
Marquette Law School[72] https://law.marquette.edu/poll/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/MLSP64ToplinesLV.html#q20:_(combined):_biden_vs_trump_vs_jorgensen,_including_leanersSep 30 – Oct 4805 (RV)–41%46%5%-7%2%
700 (LV)42%47%4%-2%1%
SurveyMonkey/Axios[73] Sep 1–303,806 (LV)–44%53%--–2%
Trafalgar Group/Restoration PAC[74] Sep 25–281,084 (LV)± 2.89%44%47%3%-2%3%
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[75] Sep 23–27663 (LV)± 3.81%43%48%2%-0%7%
Susquehanna Polling & Research Inc./Center for American Greatness[76] Sep 23–26500 (LV)± 4.3%46%48%--––
Trafalgar Group (R)[77] Sep 22–241,189 (LV)± 2.76%45%48%3%-2%3%
Marist College/NBC[78] Sep 20–24727 (LV)± 4.6%44%54%--1%1%
Baldwin Wallace University[79] Sep 9–22863 (LV)± 3.7%41%50%2%0%1%6%
YouGov/UW-Madison Elections Research
Center/Wisconsin State Journal[80] 		Sep 10–21664 (LV)–46%50%--––
Change Research/CNBC[81] Sep 18–20571 (LV)–42%51%--––
Hart Research Associates/Human Rights Campaign[82] Sep 17–19400 (LV)± 4.9%44%51%--––
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[83] Sep 12–16636 (LV)± 3.89%41%47%1%1%1%10%
Ipsos/Reuters[84] Sep 11–16609 (LV)–43%48%--2%6%
Morning Consult[85] Sep 7–16800 (LV)± 3.5%42%51%--––
Civiqs/Rust Belt Rising[86] Sep 11–15549 (RV)± 3.9%44%51%--2%2%
Morning Consult[87] Sep 6–15800 (LV)± 3.5%42%51%--––
CNN/SSRS[88] Sep 9–13816 (LV)± 4.2%42%52%3%-1%1%
ABC/Washington Post[89] Sep 8–13605 (LV)± 4.5%46%52%--1%1%
Siena College/NYT Upshot[90] Sep 8–10760 (LV)± 4.7%43%48%2%0%2%6%
Emerson College[91] Sep 6–8823 (LV)± 3.4%45%52%--4%–
Benenson Strategy Group/GS Group/AARP[92] Aug 28 – Sep 81,200 (LV)± 2.8%45%50%--1%4%
Change Research/CNBC[93] Sep 4–6501 (LV)–44%50%--6%–
Morning Consult[94] Aug 27 – Sep 5763 (LV)± 3.5%44%50%--––
YouGov/CBS[95] Sep 2–4978 (LV)± 3.7%44%50%--2%4%
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[96] Aug 30 – Sep 4670 (LV)± 3.78%41%50%2%0%0%6%
Marquette Law School[97] Aug 30 – Sep 3688 (LV)–44%48%4%-2%2%
Pulse Opinion Research/Rasmussen Reports[98] Sep 1–21,000 (LV)± 3%43%51%--3%2%
Fox News[99] Aug 29 – Sep 1801 (LV)± 3.5%42%50%2%–1%5%
853 (RV)± 3%41%49%2%–2%5%
SurveyMonkey/Axios[100] Aug 1–311,913 (LV)–49%48%--–2%
Opinium/The Guardian[101] https://www.opinium.com/resource-center/biden-leads-trump-by-wide-margin-in-august/Aug 21–28700 (LV)–40%53%--1%5%
Morning Consult[102] Aug 17–26797 (LV)± 3.5%42%52%--––
Change Research/CNBC[103] Aug 21–23925 (LV)–44%49%--––
Trafalgar Group[104] Aug 14–231,011 (LV)± 2.99%46%45%4%-2%3%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC[105] Aug 17–20600 (LV)–44%52%--–4%
Redfield and Wilton Strategies[106] Aug 13–17672 (LV)± 3.9%40%49%1%1%2%7%
Civiqs/Rust Belt Rising[107] Aug 13–17753 (RV)–45%51%--2%2%
Morning Consult[108] Aug 7–16788 (LV)± 3.5%43%49%--2%5%
Morning Consult[109] Aug 4–13797 (LV)± 3.5%43%50%--––
Change Research/CNBC[110] Aug 6–9384 (LV)–43%47%--––
Marquette Law School[111] Aug 4–9694 (LV)± 3.8%46%50%--3%1%
YouGov/CBS[112] Aug 4–7994 (LV)± 3.8%42%48%--3%7%
Pulse Opinion Research/Rasmussen Reports/American Greatness PAC[113] Aug 5–6750 (LV)–43%55%--1%1%
YouGov/University of Wisconsin-Madison[114] Jul 27 – Aug 6734 (RV)± 4.9%43%49%--4%4%
OnMessage Inc./Heritage Action[115] Aug 2–4400 (LV)± 4.7%47%47%--–6%
Morning Consult[116] Jul 25 – Aug 3797 (LV)± 3.5%41%51%--––
David Binder Research[117] Jul 30–31200 (LV)–42%53%--––
SurveyMonkey/Axios[118] Jul 1–312,173 (LV)–48%50%--–2%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC[119] Jul 22–27600 (LV)–38%52%--–10%
Change Research/CNBC[120] https://web.archive.org/web/20200806112252/https://changeresearch.com/post/states-of-play-battleground-wave-10Jul 24–26392 (LV)–43%48%--––
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[121] Jul 19–24742 (LV)–35%45%2%0%3%15%
Morning Consult[122] Jul 15–24797 (LV)± 3.5%44%49%--––
Gravis Marketing[123] Jul 22796 (RV)± 3.5%42%50%--–7%
Global Strategy Group (D)[124] Jul 11–17600 (V)± 4.0%42%51%--2%4%
Spry Strategies/American Principles Project[125] Jul 11–16700 (LV)± 3.7%45%46%--–8%
Morning Consult[126] Jul 5–14797 (LV)± 3.5%41%50%--––
Change Research/CNBC[127] Jul 10–12601 (LV)–42%48%--––
Morning Consult[128] Jun 25 – Jul 4797 (LV)± 3.5%44%50%--––
SurveyMonkey/Axios[129] Jun 8–30813 (LV)–47%51%--–2%
Change Research/CNBC[130] Jun 26–28502 (LV)–43%51%--––
Trafalgar Group[131] Jun 25–261,021 (LV)± 3.0%46%45%--8%2%
Ogden & Fry[132] Jun 20–24825 (LV)± 3.48%44%45%--–10%
Morning Consult[133] Jun 15–24797 (LV)± 3.5%44%50%--––
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[134] Jun 14–19846 (LV)± 3.37%36%45%1%1%2%15%
Marquette Law School[135] Jun 14–18686 (LV)–44%52%--3%1%
Hodas & Associates/Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[136] Jun 12–16600 (LV)± 4.0%39%55%--–6%
NYT Upshot/Siena College[137] Jun 8–15655 (RV)± 4.3%38%49%--5%8%
Morning Consult[138] Jun 5–14797 (LV)± 3.5%44%49%--––
Change Research/CNBC[139] Jun 12–14231 (LV)–44%48%--5%–
Morning Consult[140] May 26 – Jun 4797 (LV)± 3.5%44%48%--––
Fox News[141] May 30 – Jun 2801 (RV)± 3.5%40%49%--6%5%
Change Research/CNBC[142] May 29–31382 (LV)–45%45%--5%6%
Morning Consult[143] May 16–25797 (LV)± 3.5%44%48%--––
Morning Consult[144] May 6–15797 (LV)± 3.5%42%49%--––
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[145] May 10–14875 (LV)± 3.3%38%48%--3%10%
Hodas & Associates/Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[146] May 6–8600 (LV)± 3%42%51%--–8%
Marquette Law School[147] May 3–7650 (LV)–45%49%--4%2%
Morning Consult[148] Apr 26 – May 5797 (LV)± 3.5%43%49%--––
Public Policy Polling[149] Apr 20–211,415 (RV)–45%50%--–4%
Ipsos[150] Apr 15–20645 (RV)± 5.0%40%43%--––
Hodas & Associates/Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[151] Apr 13–15600 (RV)± 3.0%45%50%--–4%
Hart Research/CAP Action[152] Apr 6–8303 (RV)–47%48%--2%3%
Marquette Law School[153] Mar 24–29813 (RV)–45%48%--4%3%
Baldwin Wallace University Great Lakes[154] Mar 17–25822 (RV)± 3.8%45%45%--–10%
Change Research[155] Mar 21–23510 (LV)–49%45%-–6%
Hodas & Associates/Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[156] Mar 17–19600 (RV)–49%45%--––
Public Policy Polling[157] Mar 10–111,727 (RV)–45%48%--–6%
YouGov/Yahoo News[158] Mar 6–8459 (RV)–42%44%--6%7%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[159] Mar 5–7502 (LV)± 4.7%45%43%--––
Marquette Law School[160] Feb 19–231,000 (RV)–46%46%--5%3%
YouGov[161] Feb 11–20936 (RV)± 4.0%43%45%--––
Quinnipiac University[162] Feb 12–18823 (RV)± 3.4%49%42%--4%4%
Expedition Strategies/Progressive Policies Institute[163] Feb 6–18500 (RV)–44%42%--–13%
Tarrance Group/Wisconsin Manufacturers and Commerce[164] Jan 14–16500 (LV)± 4.5%46%47%--–6%
Marquette Law School[165] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/01/15/joe-biden-leads-democratic-field-wisconsin-marquette-poll-shows/4477929002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Jan 8–12701 (LV)–47%48%--4%2%
Fox News[166] Jan 5–81,504 (RV)± 2.5%41%46%--8%4%

2019 polls

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump
Joe
Biden
OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[167] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Dec 3–8652 (LV)–47%49%2%1%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[168] Dec 3–5610 (LV)± 4.1%48%39%8%5%
Marquette Law School[169] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17685 (LV)–48%45%5%2%
NYT Upshot/Siena College[170] Oct 13–26651 (LV)± 4.4%44%46%––
Marquette Law School[171] https://www.weau.com/content/news/The-Latest-Wisconsin-poll-shows-narrow-division-on-Trump-563723131.htmlhttps://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Oct 13–17657 (LV)–44%51%3%1%
Fox News[172] Sep 29 – Oct 21,512 (RV)± 2.5%39%48%5%6%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[173] Sep 7–9534 (LV)± 4.0%42%44%14%–
Marquette Law School[174] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Aug 25–29672 (LV)–44%51%3%2%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[175] Jun 11–13535 (LV)± 4.3%40%46%14%–
WPA Intelligence[176] Apr 27–30200 (LV)± 6.9%46%42%–9%
Zogby Analytics[177] Apr 15–18802 (LV)± 3.5%40%50%–11%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[178] Mar 19–21616 (LV)± 4.1%40%53%5%–
Emerson College[179] Mar 15–17775 (RV)± 3.5%46%54%––

Former candidates and hypothetical polling

Donald Trump vs. Michael Bloomberg

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Michael
Bloomberg (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[180] Feb 19–23, 20201,000 (RV)–45%44%5%5%
Quinnipiac University[181] Feb 12–18, 2020823 (RV)± 3.4%49%41%5%5%
Expedition Strategies/Progressive Policies Institute[182] Feb 6–18, 2020500 (RV)–44%43%–12%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[183] Dec 3–5, 2019610 (LV)± 4.1%49%37%10%4%

Donald Trump vs. Cory Booker

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Cory
Booker (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[184] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Dec 3–8, 2019652 (LV)–47%45%4%4%
Marquette Law School[185] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17, 2019685 (LV)–45%45%5%4%

Donald Trump vs. Pete Buttigieg

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Pete
Buttigieg (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[186] Feb 19–23, 20201,000 (RV)–45%45%5%5%
YouGov[187] Feb 11–20, 2020936 (RV)± 4.0%43%45%––
Quinnipiac University[188] Feb 12–18, 2020823 (RV)± 3.4%49%41%5%5%
Expedition Strategies/Progressive Policies Institute[189] Feb 6–18, 2020500 (RV)–43%44%–13%
Marquette Law School[190] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/01/15/joe-biden-leads-democratic-field-wisconsin-marquette-poll-shows/4477929002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Jan 8–12, 2020701 (LV)–47%45%5%4%
Fox News[191] Jan 5–8, 20201,504 (RV)± 2.5%41%42%107%
Marquette Law School[192] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Dec 3–8, 2019652 (LV)–47%44%4%4%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[193] Dec 3–5, 2019610 (LV)± 4.1%49%38%8%5%
Marquette Law School[194] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17, 2019685 (LV)–48%40%7%6%
Marquette Law School[195] https://www.weau.com/content/news/The-Latest-Wisconsin-poll-shows-narrow-division-on-Trump-563723131.htmlhttps://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Oct 13–17, 2019657 (LV)–44%46%5%4%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[196] Jun 11–13, 2019535 (LV)± 4.3%41%39%20%–
Zogby Analytics[197] Apr 15–18, 2019802 (LV)± 3.5%41%44%–16%

Donald Trump vs. Kamala Harris

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[198] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Aug 25–29, 2019672 (LV)–46%46%5%4%
Zogby Analytics[199] Apr 15–18, 2019802 (LV)± 3.5%42%43%–14%
Emerson College[200] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%50%50%––

Donald Trump vs. Amy Klobuchar

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Amy
Klobuchar (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[201] Feb 19–23, 20201,000 (RV)–46%46%4%4%
YouGov[202] Feb 11–20, 2020936 (RV)± 4.0%43%44%––
Quinnipiac University[203] Feb 12–18, 2020823 (RV)± 3.4%50%39%5%6%
Marquette Law School[204] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17, 2019685 (LV)–53%36%6%4%
Emerson College[205] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%50%50%––

Donald Trump vs. Beto O'Rourke

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Beto
O'Rourke (D)		OtherUndecided
Zogby Analytics[206] Apr 15–18, 2019802 (LV)± 3.5%41%44%–15%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[207] Mar 19–21, 2019616 (LV)± 4.1%42%45%9%–
Emerson College[208] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%49%51%––

Donald Trump vs. Bernie Sanders

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Bernie
Sanders (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[209] Mar 24–29, 2020813 (RV)–47%45%6%2%
Baldwin Wallace University Great Lakes[210] Mar 17–25, 2020822 (RV)± 3.8%46%42%–12%
Hodas & Associates/Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[211] Mar 17–19, 2020600 (RV)–50%43%––
Public Policy Polling[212] Mar 10–11, 20201,727 (V)–46%48%–7%
YouGov/Yahoo News[213] Mar 6–8, 2020459 (RV)–40%46%9%5%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[214] Mar 5–7, 2020502 (LV)± 4.7%48%42%––
Marquette Law School[215] Feb 19–23, 20201,000 (RV)–46%48%3%3%
YouGov[216] Feb 11–20, 2020936 (RV)± 4.0%44%46%––
Quinnipiac University[217] Feb 12–18, 2020823 (RV)± 3.4%50%43%4%4%
Expedition Strategies/Progressive Policies Institute[218] Feb 6–18, 2020500 (RV)–46%45%–9%
Tarrance Group/Wisconsin Manufacturers and Commerce[219] Jan 14–16, 2020500 (LV)± 4.5%47%47%–7%
Marquette Law School[220] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/01/15/joe-biden-leads-democratic-field-wisconsin-marquette-poll-shows/4477929002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Jan 8–12, 2020701 (LV)–47%47%3%1%
Fox News[221] Jan 5–8, 20201,504 (RV)± 2.5%42%46%8%4%
Marquette Law School[222] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Dec 3–8, 2019652 (LV)–48%46%4%1%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[223] Dec 3–5, 2019610 (LV)± 4.1%51%38%7%4%
Marquette Law School[224] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17, 2019685 (LV)–49%45%5%1%
NYT Upshot/Siena College[225] Oct 13–26, 2019651 (LV)± 4.4%46%47%––
Marquette Law School[226] https://www.weau.com/content/news/The-Latest-Wisconsin-poll-shows-narrow-division-on-Trump-563723131.htmlhttps://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Oct 13–17, 2019657 (LV)–45%48%4%2%
Fox News[227] Sep 29 – Oct 2, 20191,512 (RV)± 2.5%40%45%5%6%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[228] Sep 7–9, 2019534 (LV)± 4.0%43%49%8%–
Marquette Law School[229] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Aug 25–29, 2019672 (LV)–46%48%4%1%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[230] Jun 11–13, 2019535 (LV)± 4.3%40%47%13%–
Zogby Analytics[231] Apr 15–18, 2019802 (LV)± 3.5%42%49%–9%
Tulchin Research (D)[232] Apr 14–18, 2019400 (LV)± 4.9%42%52%––
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[233] Mar 19–21, 2019616 (LV)± 4.1%41%48%7%–
Emerson College[234] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%48%52%––

Donald Trump vs. Elizabeth Warren

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Elizabeth
Warren (D)		OtherUndecided
Marquette Law School[235] Feb 19–23, 20201,000 (RV)–47%44%4%4%
YouGov[236] Feb 11–20, 2020936 (RV)± 4.0%44%46%––
Quinnipiac University[237] Feb 12–18, 2020823 (RV)± 3.4%51%41%4%4%
Marquette Law School[238] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/01/15/joe-biden-leads-democratic-field-wisconsin-marquette-poll-shows/4477929002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Jan 8–12, 2020701 (LV)–49%45%5%2%
Fox News[239] Jan 5–8, 20201,504 (RV)± 2.5%41%44%9%5%
Marquette Law School[240] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Dec 3–8, 2019652 (LV)–48%46%5%2%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[241] Dec 3–5, 2019610 (LV)± 4.1%50%37%8%5%
Marquette Law School[242] https://eu.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/11/20/marquette-poll-impeachment-donald-trump-democratic-race/4244453002/https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Nov 13–17, 2019685 (LV)–50%43%4%2%
NYT Upshot/Siena College[243] Oct 13–26, 2019651 (LV)± 4.4%47%45%––
Marquette Law School[244] https://www.weau.com/content/news/The-Latest-Wisconsin-poll-shows-narrow-division-on-Trump-563723131.htmlhttps://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Oct 13–17, 2019657 (LV)–45%50%3%1%
Fox News[245] Sep 29 – Oct 2, 20191,512 (RV)± 2.5%41%45%5%7%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[246] Sep 7–9, 2019534 (LV)± 4.0%42%43%15%–
Marquette Law School[247] https://lubarcenter.shinyapps.io/MLSPBook/Aug 25–29, 2019672 (LV)–46%48%4%3%
Firehouse Strategies/Øptimus[248] Jun 11–13, 2019535 (LV)± 4.3%41%41%18%–
Zogby Analytics[249] Apr 15–18, 2019802 (LV)± 3.5%41%47%–12%
Emerson College[250] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%48%52%––
Zogby Analytics[251] Aug 17–23, 2017603 (LV)± 4.0%37%48%–15%

with Donald Trump, Joe Biden, and Howard Schultz

with Donald Trump, Bernie Sanders, and Howard Schultz

with Donald Trump and generic Democrat

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Generic
Democrat		OtherUndecided
Baldwin Wallace University/Oakland University/Ohio Northern University[254] Mar 17–25, 2020997 (RV)± 3.7%46.8%50.4%–2.8%
Expedition Strategies/Progressive Policies Institute[255] Feb 6–18, 2020500 (RV)–41%49%–11%
Baldwin Wallace University/Oakland University/Ohio Northern University[256] Jan 8–20, 20201,038 (RV)± 3.3%36.7%51.2%–12%
KFF/Cook Political Report[257] Sep 23 – Oct 15, 2019745 (RV)± 4%28%41%–21%
Change Research/Crooked Media[258] Aug 9–11, 20191,966 (V)± 2.2%45%46%3%6%
Public Policy Polling (D)[259] Apr 23–24, 2019762 (V)± 3.6%44%53%–4%

with Donald Trump and generic Opponent

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
Donald
Trump (R)		Generic
Opponent		OtherUndecided
Marquette University[260] Released Apr 7, 2019800 (RV)–42%57%0%4%
Emerson College[261] Mar 15–17, 2019775 (RV)± 3.5%45%55%––
Marquette University[262] Jan 16–20, 2019800 (RV)–39%57%0%4%

Green Party and Kanye West ballot access lawsuits

In August 2020, the bipartisan Wisconsin Elections Commission voted to keep rapper Kanye West, an independent presidential candidate, off of the 2020 general election ballot in a 5–1 decision on the basis that West's application arrived too late—arriving in person seconds after the deadline.[263]

The commission was split along party lines in a 3–3 decision to keep Howie Hawkins, the Green Party presidential candidate off of the 2020 general election ballot.[264] Hawkins gathered 3,623 valid signatures; however, forms with 1,834 signatures had a different address for Hawkins' running mate Angela Walker. The partisan board voted only to certify the 1,789, placing Hawkins/Walker below the 2,000 signatures required to be on the ballot.[265]

Walker subsequently filed a legal petition to be included on the ballot. On September 10, 2020, the Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled that the election officials had to wait to mail absentee ballots until the court decided whether or not to include the Green Party on the ballot. Some municipal election commissions had already mailed out absentee ballots while others were concerned that they would miss the September 17 deadline by which Wisconsin state law required absentee ballots to mailed out to those who requested them.[266] On September 14, 2020, the court ruled that the ballots would remain as-is without Hawkins or West on the ballot stating, "given their delay in asserting their rights, we would be unable to provide meaningful relief without completely upsetting the election."[267]

Electoral slates

These slates of electors were nominated by each party in order to vote in the Electoral College if their candidates win the state:[268]

Results

Between 2016 and 2020, the number of voters in Milwaukee suburban counties voting for the Democratic presidential candidate increased.[269]

By county

CountyJoe Biden
Democratic		Donald J. Trump
Republican		Various candidates
Other parties		MarginTotal votes cast
%%%%
Adams4,32936.63%7,36262.29%1271.08%−3,033−25.66%11,818
Ashland4,80154.82%3,84143.86%1151.32%96010.96%8,757
Barron9,19436.27%15,80362.35%3491.38%−6,609−26.08%25,346
Bayfield6,14756.50%4,61742.44%1161.06%1,53014.06%10,880
Brown65,51145.49%75,87152.68%2,6351.83%−10,360−7.19%144,017
Buffalo2,86036.59%4,83461.85%1221.56%−1,974−25.26%7,816
Burnett3,56935.19%6,46263.72%1101.09%−2,893−28.53%10,141
Calumet12,11639.37%18,15659.00%5021.63%−6,040−19.63%30,774
Chippewa13,98338.91%21,31759.32%6381.77%−7,334−20.41%35,938
Clark4,52430.37%10,00267.14%3722.49%−5,478−36.77%14,898
Columbia16,41048.45%16,92749.98%5321.57%−517−1.53%33,869
Crawford3,95345.46%4,62053.13%1221.41%−667−7.67%8,695
Dane260,12175.46%78,79422.86%5,8131.68%181,32752.60%344,728
Dodge16,35633.77%31,35564.73%7251.50%−14,999−30.96%48,436
Door10,04449.93%9,75248.48%3211.59%2921.45%20,117
Douglas13,21853.56%10,92344.26%5362.18%2,2959.30%24,677
Dunn9,89742.07%13,17356.00%4541.93%−3,276−13.93%23,524
Eau Claire31,62054.26%25,34143.49%1,3142.25%6,27910.77%58,275
Florence78126.56%2,13372.55%260.89%−1,352−45.99%2,940
Fond du Lac20,58835.96%35,75462.45%9091.59%−15,166−26.49%57,251
Forest1,72134.06%3,28565.01%470.93%−1,564−30.95%5,053
Grant10,99842.95%14,14255.22%4681.83%−3,144−12.27%25,608
Green10,85150.69%10,16947.51%3861.80%6823.18%21,406
Green Lake3,34431.34%7,16867.17%1591.49%−3,824−35.83%10,671
Iowa7,82855.95%5,90942.23%2551.82%1,91913.72%13,992
Iron1,53338.23%2,43860.80%390.97%−905−22.57%4,010
Jackson4,25641.79%5,79156.86%1371.35%−1,535−15.07%10,184
Jefferson19,90441.48%27,20856.71%8671.81%−7,304−15.23%47,979
Juneau4,74634.62%8,74963.82%2141.56%−4,003−29.20%13,709
Kenosha42,19347.55%44,97250.68%1,5731.77%−2,779−3.13%88,738
Kewaunee3,97632.87%7,92765.54%1921.59%−3,951−32.67%12,095
La Crosse37,84655.75%28,68442.25%1,3542.00%9,16213.50%67,884
Lafayette3,64742.63%4,82156.35%871.02%−1,174−13.72%8,555
Langlade3,70433.18%7,33065.65%1311.17%−3,626−32.47%11,165
Lincoln6,26137.95%10,01760.72%2191.33%−3,756−22.77%16,497
Manitowoc16,81837.52%27,21860.72%7931.76%−10,400−23.20%44,829
Marathon30,80840.14%44,62458.14%1,3191.72%−13,816−18.00%76,751
Marinette7,36632.06%15,30466.60%3091.34%−7,938−34.54%22,979
Marquette3,23935.73%5,71963.09%1071.18%−2,480−27.36%9,065
Menominee1,30381.95%27817.48%90.57%1,02564.47%1,590
Milwaukee317,52769.07%134,48229.25%7,7141.68%183,04539.82%459,723
Monroe8,43337.30%13,77560.92%4031.78%−5,342−23.62%22,611
Oconto6,71528.93%16,22669.89%2741.18%−9,511−40.96%23,215
Oneida10,10541.83%13,67156.59%3831.58%−3,566−14.76%24,159
Outagamie47,66744.13%58,38554.05%1,9701.82%−10,718−9.92%108,022
Ozaukee26,51743.13%33,91255.15%1,0571.72%−7,395−12.02%61,486
Pepin1,48935.93%2,58462.36%711.71%−1,095−26.43%4,144
Pierce9,79642.01%12,81554.96%7063.03%−3,019−12.95%23,317
Polk9,37035.53%16,61162.99%3901.48%−7,241−27.46%26,371
Portage20,42850.31%19,29947.53%8762.16%1,1292.78%40,603
Price3,03235.48%5,39463.12%1201.40%−2,362−27.64%8,546
Racine50,15947.12%54,47951.18%1,8131.70%−4,320−4.06%106,451
Richland3,99544.32%4,87154.04%1481.64%−876−9.72%9,014
Rock46,65854.66%37,13843.51%1,5641.83%9,52011.15%85,360
Rusk2,51731.92%5,25766.66%1121.42%−2,740−34.74%7,886
Sauk18,10850.02%17,49348.32%6021.66%6151.70%36,203
Sawyer4,49842.80%5,90956.22%1030.98%−1,411−13.42%10,510
Shawano7,13131.53%15,17367.09%3111.38%−8,042−35.56%22,615
Sheboygan27,10141.06%37,60956.97%1,3011.97%−10,508−15.91%66,011
St. Croix23,19040.89%32,19956.78%1,3182.33%−9,009−15.89%56,707
Taylor2,69325.20%7,65771.65%3363.15%−4,964−46.45%10,686
Trempealeau6,28540.86%8,83357.43%2621.71%−2,548−16.57%15,380
Vernon7,45746.83%8,21851.61%2481.56%−761−4.78%15,923
Vilas5,90338.41%9,26160.26%2051.33%−3,358−21.85%15,369
Walworth22,78939.56%33,85158.77%9601.67%−11,062−19.21%57,600
Washburn3,86737.26%6,33461.03%1771.71%−2,467−23.77%10,378
Washington26,65030.26%60,23768.40%1,1831.34%−33,587−38.14%88,070
Waukesha103,90638.77%159,64959.57%4,4411.66%−55,743−20.80%267,996
Waupaca9,70333.31%18,95265.06%4751.63%−9,249−31.75%29,310
Waushara4,38832.34%9,01666.45%1641.21%−4,628−34.11%13,568
Winnebago44,06046.86%47,79650.83%2,1762.31%−3,736−3.97%94,032
Wood16,36539.63%24,30858.86%6251.51%−7,943−19.23%41,298
Totals1,630,86649.45%1,610,18448.82%56,9911.73%20,6820.63%3,298,041
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

By congressional district

Despite narrowly losing, Trump won 6 out of 8 congressional districts in Wisconsin, including one held by a Democrat.

DistrictTrumpBidenRepresentative
53.9%44.7%Bryan Steil
29.2%69.4%Mark Pocan
51.5%46.8%Ron Kind
22.6%76.2%Gwen Moore
56.8%41.7%Jim Sensenbrenner
Scott Fitzgerald
56.8%41.6%Glenn Grothman
59.2%39.3%Tom Tiffany
57.2%41.3%Mike Gallagher

Analysis

Prior to the 2016 election, Wisconsin was considered part of the blue wall—the group of states that had voted Democratic in every presidential election from at least 1992 on. Wisconsin itself had voted Democratic in every election from 1988 on, having been one of 10 states that supported Michael Dukakis in 1988. Republicans had scored notable statewide victories over the Obama presidency, with Scott Walker having won election and re-election as Governor and having fought off a recall attempt in 2012, and with Ron Johnson having defeated Russ Feingold in the 2010 Senate election. Nevertheless, Wisconsin was seen as a lean-Democratic state given its presidential voting history. Trump pulled off a surprise win in the state in 2016, in large part due to a collapse in support for Hillary Clinton in the state.[270] [271]

In 2020, both Trump and Biden improved their parties' vote shares in Wisconsin. Trump achieved a record for the total number of votes ever received by a Republican presidential nominee in Wisconsin, although he fell short of George W. Bush's 2004 vote share. Biden improved on Hillary Clinton's number of votes received, as he did in every state, but fell short of the number of votes won by Barack Obama in 2008.

Joe Biden received strong support in the city of Milwaukee, improving on Clinton's 2016 performance by 3.6 points in its county; Biden received 92% and 60% of the black and Latino vote respectively, with most of that electorate living in Milwaukee County. Both candidates performed well in the state with whites, with Trump carrying whites overall by 6 points, though Biden performed better with college-educated whites. Cementing Biden's victory was his strong performance in Dane County, which he carried by nearly 53 points. Biden would also carry La Crosse County by 13 points, Eau Claire County by 10 points, and flipped Sauk County and the bellwether Door County, while only losing Brown County by seven points, winning the county seat Green Bay. Biden even made in-roads in Waukesha and Washington counties, nearly breaking 40% in the former and breaking 30% in the latter, though Trump still held these counties with large margins.[272]

On the other hand, Trump was able to hold much of the Driftless region in southwestern Wisconsin; many of these counties, such as Vernon, Crawford, and Grant were reliably Democratic during the latter half of the 20th century, but Trump maintained his results from 2016, solidifying a Republican shift in this part of the state. Additionally, Trump performed strongly in the more traditionally conservative northern counties of Wisconsin. Finally, Trump kept Kenosha County in his column, with both candidates improving there; Kenosha County is significant, as it was the site of the Jacob Blake shooting, which triggered nationwide protests.[273]

Biden became the first Democrat to win the White House without the once-strongly Democratic counties of Kenosha and Forest since Woodrow Wilson in 1916 as well as the first to win without Pepin County since 1944. He was the first Democrat since 1960 to win without Adams, Buffalo, Crawford, Dunn, Jackson, Juneau, Lincoln, Price, Sawyer, and Trempealeau counties; and the first since 1976 to win without Columbia, Grant, Lafayette, Marquette, Racine, Richland, and Vernon counties. In terms of partisan lean, Biden was able to win 7% of Republicans in the state, which is significant, as they voted in this cycle by about 5 points more than Democrats. More importantly, Biden won independent voters by 12 points; Hillary Clinton lost this bloc to Trump by 10 points in 2016.

Pivot counties

Wisconsin is a state with a notable number of pivot counties, meaning counties carried by Obama in the 2008 and 2012 U.S. presidential elections that then flipped for the Republican candidate, Trump, in 2016.[274] Of Wisconsin's 72 counties, about one-third (N=23, 32%) are considered to be pivot counties, and pivot counties include 17.35 percent of the state population.[275] Lists of Wisconsin pivot counties a) retained by the Republican presidential candidate in 2020 (Trump) and b) boomerang counties "returning" to the Democratic presidential candidate in 2020 (Biden) are below.[276]

Retained pivot counties (remained Republican in 2020)

Boomerang pivot counties (returned to Democrat in 2020)

Edison exit polls

2020 presidential election in Wisconsin by demographic subgroup (Edison exit polling)[277]
Demographic subgroupBidenTrump% oftotal vote
Total vote49.448.899
Ideology
Liberals91825
Moderates603838
Conservatives118836
Party
Democrats96432
Republicans79337
Independents544231
Gender
Men445450
Women564350
Race/ethnicity
White465286
Black9286
Latino60374
Age
18–24 years old61338
25–29 years old56405
30–39 years old524614
40–49 years old534614
50–64 years old465332
65 and older475326
Sexual orientation
LGBT80165
Heterosexual485195
Education
High school or less445422
Some college education494927
Associate degree435616
Bachelor's degree524623
Postgraduate degree683111
Income
Under $30,000653115
$30,000–49,999554420
$50,000–99,999475238
$100,000–199,999435621
Over $200,00045555
Union households
Yes594014
No485186
Issue regarded as most important
Racial inequality91613
Coronavirus881119
Economy138535
Crime and safety178213
Health care81198
Region
Milwaukee County692914
Milwaukee Suburbs415822
Dane County762310
Fox River Valley/N. Lakeshore435517
Southwest475219
North395917
Area type
Urban693030
Suburban435549
Rural386022
Family's financial situation today
Better than four years ago168339
Worse than four years ago871221
About the same633540

Aftermath

See also: Post-election lawsuits related to the 2020 United States presidential election from Wisconsin.

On November 6, Trump campaign manager Bill Stepien said: "There have been reports of irregularities in several Wisconsin counties which raise serious doubts about the validity of the results." No evidence of such "irregularities" has been provided by the Trump campaign.[278] [279]

On November 18, the Trump campaign wired nearly $3 million to the Wisconsin Election Commission in a petition for a partial recount of the 2020 presidential election results. The recount would take place in Milwaukee and Dane counties. "These two counties were selected because they are the locations of the worst irregularities," the campaign claimed in a release.[280]

Milwaukee certified its recount results on November 27, 2020, and led to Joe Biden gaining a net 132 votes. Dane certified its recount results on November 29, 2020, and led to Donald Trump gaining a net 45 votes. In total, the recount across the two counties led to Joe Biden increasing his lead by an additional 87 votes.[281]

In July 2022, the Wisconsin Supreme Court stated that "ballot drop boxes are illegal under Wisconsin statutes" in the 2022 United States elections.[282] That ruling has been overturned by the same court in July 2024 for the 2024 United States elections.[283]

Electors

On November 30, Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers certified Wisconsin's electors for Biden.[284] The following electors all cast their vote for Biden:

See also

Notes

Voter samples and additional candidatesPartisan clients

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: US elections key dates: When are the 2018 midterms and the 2020 presidential campaign?. Kelly. Ben. August 13, 2018. The Independent. January 3, 2019. January 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190103202343/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-elections-key-dates-midterms-2020-presidential-house-congress-senate-a8472821.html. live.
  2. Web site: Distribution of Electoral Votes. National Archives and Records Administration. January 3, 2019. January 9, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190109144218/https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/allocation.html. live.
  3. News: 2018-06-20. City of Milwaukee 1 of 3 finalists to host 2020 Democratic National Convention. en-US. FOX6Now.com. 2018-07-01. July 1, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180701222255/https://fox6now.com/2018/06/20/city-of-milwaukee-named-as-1-of-3-finalists-to-host-2020-dnc-convention/. live.
  4. News: Glauber. Bill. August 22, 2018. Selection committee for 2020 Democratic Convention will visit Milwaukee next week. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. August 24, 2018. August 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180823023119/https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/elections/2018/08/22/dnc-team-visiting-milwaukee-2020-democratic-convention-site/1065267002/. live.
  5. Web site: 2020-11-06. Let's Take a Deep Dive Into How the WOW Counties Voted. 2020-11-16. Milwaukee Magazine. en-US. November 18, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201118211120/https://www.milwaukeemag.com/lets-take-a-deep-dive-into-how-the-wow-counties-voted/. live.
  6. Web site: Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Leip. David. uselectionatlas.org. November 11, 2020.
  7. News: BeMiller . Haley . Bollier . Jeff . Green Bay pads Biden's lead in Wisconsin as Brown County overall goes for Trump . December 5, 2020 . Green Bay Press Gazette . November 4, 2020.
  8. Web site: 2020-11-09. Trump Wisconsin recount can't start until counties canvass. 2020-11-13. AP NEWS. November 18, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201118211039/https://apnews.com/article/election-2020-donald-trump-wisconsin-elections-election-recounts-10342df4a5b3d7695830d59ca4a0f399. live.
  9. Web site: Jeff Zeleny and Casey Tolan. Trump campaign to seek partial recount in Wisconsin. 2020-11-18. CNN. November 18, 2020 . November 18, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201118211045/https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/18/politics/trump-campaign-wisconsin-recount/index.html. live.
  10. News: Helderman . Rosalind . Wisconsin recount confirms Biden's win over Trump, cementing the president's failure to change the election results . November 30, 2020 . The Washington Post . November 29, 2020.
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