United States at the 2008 Summer Paralympics explained

Npc:	USA
Npcname:	United States Paralympic Committee
Games:	Summer Paralympics
Year:	2008
Flagcaption:	Flag of the United States
Location:	Beijing
Competitors:	213
Sports:	18
Flagbearer:	Jennifer Armbruster (opening)^[1] Melissa Stockwell (closing)^[2]
Rank:	3
Gold:	36
Silver:	35
Bronze:	28
Appearances:	auto

The United States sent a delegation to compete at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. A total of 213 U.S. competitors took part in 18 sports; the only 2 sports Americans did not compete in were soccer 5-a-side and 7-a-side.^[3] The American delegation included 16 former members of the U.S. military, including 3 veterans of the Iraq War. Among them were shot putter Scott Winkler,^[4] who was paralyzed in an accident in Iraq, and swimmer Melissa Stockwell, a former United States Army officer who lost her left leg to a roadside bomb in the war.^[5]

The United States finished third in the gold and overall medal count, behind host nation China and Great Britain. The finish was an improvement from the 2004 Paralympics, where the U.S. finished fourth in the gold and overall medal count.^[6] The U.S. saw significant gains in Paralympic swimming, winning 17 gold medals and 44 total medals, 9 more than they took home from Athens. U.S. swimmers set a total of 16 world records, 23 Paralympic records, 48 Pan American records and 99 American records.^[7] U.S. coverage of the Games was provided by the Universal Sports Television Network and the official website of the U.S. Paralympic Team.^[8]

Disability classifications

Every participant at the Paralympics had their disability grouped into one of five disability categories: amputation (either congenital or sustained through injury or illness); cerebral palsy; wheelchair athletes (often overlapping with other categories); visual impairment (including blindness); and les autres (any physical disability that does not fall strictly under one of the other categories, for example dwarfism or multiple sclerosis).^{[9] [10]} Each Paralympic sport then had its own classifications, depending on the specific physical demands of the competition. Events were given a code, made of numbers and letters, describing the type of event and classification of the athletes competing. Some sports, such as athletics, divided athletes by both the category and severity of their disabilities. Other sports, such as swimming, grouped competitors from different categories together, the only separation being based on the severity of the disability.^[11]

Athletes may have competed against individuals with different classifications in the same event. For example, track and field athlete Jim Bob Bizzell competed in the men's 200 meters T44; the prefix T designated a track event and 44 was the disability classification. Although he finished behind Oscar Pistorius (competing under the T43 class), Bizell set a world record in the T44 classification. For specific classification information, see the pages for individual sports at 2008 Summer Paralympics#Sports.

Medalists

See also: 2008 Summer Paralympics medal table.

The following American athletes won medals at the games; all dates are for September 2008.^[12] In the 'by discipline' sections below, medalists' names are in bold.

| width="78%" align="left" valign="top" |

Medal	Name	Sport	Event	Date
				16
				15
				11
				10
				16
				14
				10
				12
				14
				12
				10
				12
				08
				12
				14
				13
				15
				08
				07
				14
				10
				08
				07
				11
				12
				09
				10
				08
				09
				07
				11
				07
				13
	United States women's national wheelchair basketball team			15
	United States national wheelchair rugby team			16
				13
				16
				13
				12
				15
				15
				15
				15
				15
				14
				12
				14
				17
				09
				11
				14
				12
				12
				10
				14
				11
				07
				15
				07
				11
				14
				08
				11
				08
				11
				10
				15
				13
				14
				13
	United States women's national sitting volleyball team			14
				13
				14
				10
				16
				09
				15
				16
				12
				14
				09
				12
				09
				11
				13
				10
				08
				07
				11
				09
				09
				12
				07
				14
				09
				07
				13
				15
				13

| width="22%" align="left" valign="top" |

+ Medals by sport
Sport				Total
	0	0	2	2
	9	14	5	28
	5	5	4	14
	1	0	0	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	1	1	2
	1	0	1	2
	17	14	13	44
	0	1	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	1	2

+ Multiple medalists
Name	Sport				Total
Erin Popovich	Swimming	4	2	0	6
Jessica Long	Swimming	4	1	1	6
Barbara Buchan	Cycling	2	0	0	2
Jeremy Campbell	Athletics	2	0	0	2
Jessica Galli	Athletics	1	3	1	5
Cortney Jordan	Swimming	1	2	1	4
Lantz Lamback	Swimming	1	2	1	4
Jim Bob Bizzell	Athletics	1	2	0	3
Jennifer Schuble	Cycling	1	2	0	3
Amanda McGrory	Athletics	1	1	2	4
Karissa Whitsell	Cycling	1	1	1	3
Mackenzie Woodring	Cycling	1	1	1	3
Josh George	Athletics	1	1	0	2
Ashley Owens	Swimming	1	1	0	2
Jerome Singleton	Athletics	1	1	0	2
Jeff Skiba	Athletics	1	1	0	2
Kelley Becherer	Swimming	1	0	2	3
Anna Eames	Swimming	1	0	1	2
Brian Frasure	Athletics	1	0	1	2
Rudy Garcia-Tolson	Swimming	1	0	1	2
Roy Perkins	Swimming	1	0	1	2
Oz Sanchez	Cycling	1	0	1	2
Casey Tibbs	Athletics	1	0	1	2
David Wagner	Wheelchair tennis	1	0	1	2
Tatyana McFadden	Athletics	0	3	1	4
Amanda Everlove	Swimming	0	3	0	3
Cheryl Angelelli	Swimming	0	2	0	2
Alejandro Albor	Cycling	0	1	1	2
Anjali Forber-Pratt	Athletics	0	0	2	2

Archery

See main article: Archery at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The American archery team consisted of seven men and one woman.^[13] The highest placed finishers were Lindsey Carmichael and Jeff Fabry, who each won a bronze medal.^[14] T. J. Pemberton and Joe Bailey competed against each other in the quarterfinals of the men's individual compound open, with Pemberton winning and going on to finish fourth in that event.

Athlete	Event	Ranking round		Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final
		Points	Seed	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Joe Bailey	Men's individual compound open	676	6	Bye	W 115:110	L 112:114	align=center colspan="3"	did not advance
Eric Bennett	Men's individual compound open	667	16	W 106:106 T9:9,9:8	L 114:117	align=center colspan="4"	did not advance
Lindsey Carmichael	Women's individual recurve standing	536	13	W 89:82	W 87:76	W 86:85	L 101:101 T7:6	W 105:101
Jeff Fabry	Men's individual compound W1	661	2	N/A	Bye	W 113:97	L 107:109	W 111:101
Chuck Lear	Men's individual compound W1	577	12	N/A	L 75:98	align=center colspan="4"	did not advance
T. J. Pemberton	Men's individual compound open	668	14	W 106:103	W 115:105	W 114:112	L 110:116	L 111:115	4
Kevin Stone	Men's individual recurve W1/W2	616	10	W 92:88	L 97:101	align=center colspan="4"	did not advance
Russell Wolfe	Men's individual recurve W1/W2	539	29	L 76:107	align=center colspan="5"	did not advance

Track and field (athletics)

See main article: Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. The American track and field team consisted of 26 men and 17 women. Among them was shot putter Scott Winkler, a U.S. Army veteran who was paralyzed in Tikrit, Iraq in 2003 after he fell off a truck while holding 50 pounds of ammunition.^[15] The team set six world records and won a total of nine gold, fourteen silver, and five bronze medals, two more medals than the team won in Athens.^[16] Jessica Galli won five medals, more than any other team member, while Amanda McGrory, Tatyana McFadden, and Jim Bob Bizzell each won at least three medals. Jeremy Campbell was the only U.S. track and field athlete to win two golds.

Men

Athlete	Event	Heat		Semifinal		Final
		Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Result	Rank
Danny Andrews	200 m T44	24.22	3 Q	N/A		23.54	5
	400 m T44	N/A				53.15	4
Jim Bob Bizzell	200 m T44	23.22	1 Q	N/A		22.62
	400 m T44	N/A				50.98
Adam Bleakney	400 m T53	59.29	7	N/A		did not advance
	800 m T53	1:40.94	3	N/A		did not advance
	5000 m T54	10:53.56	6	N/A		did not advance
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:30.36	23
Matt Brown	Discus throw F42	N/A				42.25	4
	Shot put F42	N/A				12.46	8
Tyler Byers	800 m T54	1:38.73	4 Q	1:41.00	6	did not advance
	1500 m T54	3:10.00	4 Q	3:06.47	8	did not advance
	5000 m T54	11:01.63	9	N/A		did not advance
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:32.33	24
Jeremy Campbell	Long jump F42/44	N/A				6.36	4
	Discus throw F44	N/A				55.08
	Pentathlon P44	N/A				4662
Ed Cochrell	Shot put F44	N/A				14.16	6
Scott Danberg	Shot put F40	N/A				9.79	8
Brian Frasure	100 m T44	11.49	1 Q	N/A		11.50
Josh George	100 m T53	15.17	1 Q	N/A		14.79
	200 m T53	26.81	3 Q	N/A		26.98	4
	400 m T53	53.58	3	N/A		did not advance
	800 m T53	1:38.30	1 Q	N/A		1:37.09
	1500 m T54	3:13.87	1 Q	3:11.09	5	did not advance
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:30.29	17
Lex Gillette	100 m T11	11.85	3	did not advance
	200 m T11	24.42	4	did not advance
	Long jump F11	N/A				6.46
	Triple jump F11	N/A				12.19	5
Peter Gottwald	800 m T13	N/A				1:55.49
	1500 m T13	4:05.51	4 Q	N/A		4:16.59	10
	5000 m T13	16:11.31	6	N/A		did not advance
Erik Hightower	100 m T54	14.92	6	N/A		did not advance
	200 m T54	26.15	5	N/A		did not advance
	400 m T54	49.76	5 Q	51.67	5	did not advance
Tony Iniguez	800 m T54	1:39.72	5 Q	1:37.30	9	did not advance
	1500 m T54	3:07.84	2 Q	3:11.84	6	did not advance
	5000 m T54	10:28.87	9	N/A		did not advance
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:26.04	15
Josiah Jamison	100 m T12	11.09	1 Q	10.90	1 Q	10.89
	200 m T12	22.20	1 Q	22.19	1 Q	did not start
	400 m T12	51.40	3	did not advance
Carlos Leon	Shot put F53/54	N/A				6.95	15
Royal Mitchell	100 m T13	11.34	3 Q	N/A		11.17	7
	200 m T13	22.73	4	N/A		did not advance
	400 m T13	51.15	4 Q	N/A		51.23	8
Nelacey Porter	100 m T11	Disqualified		did not advance
Josh Roberts	100 m T52	N/A				19.88	7
	200 m T52	N/A				36.82	9
	400 m T52	1:05.22	5	N/A		did not advance
	800 m T52	2:21.10	5	N/A		did not advance
Scot Severn	Discus throw F53/54	N/A				23.71	7
	Shot put F53/54	N/A				7.76	9
Marlon Shirley	100 m T44	11.77	2 Q	N/A		34.43	8
Jerome Singleton	100 m T44	11.48	2 Q	N/A		11.20
Jeff Skiba	High jump F44/46	N/A				2.11
	Long jump F42/44	N/A				5.83	9
	Discus throw F44	N/A				48.72	6
	Javelin throw F42/44	N/A				51.46	5
	Pentathlon P44	N/A				4274
Casey Tibbs	200 m T44	24.01	2 Q	N/A		23.40	4
	400 m T44	N/A				did not start
	Long jump F42/44	N/A				6.39
	Pentathlon P44	N/A				did not finish
Steven Toyoji	400 m T52	1:04.37	4 Q	N/A		1:05.41	7
	800 m T52	Disqualified		N/A		did not advance
	Marathon T52	N/A				1:58.37	5
Scott Winkler	Shot put F55/56	N/A				11.27	5
Lex Gillette Josiah Jamison Royal Mitchell Nelacey Porter	4×100 m relay T11-13	did not finish		N/A		did not advance
Jim Bob Bizzell Brian Frasure Jerome Singleton Casey Tibbs	4×100 m relay T42-46	N/A				42.75
	4×100 m relay T53/54	did not start
Tyler Byers Josh George Erik Hightower Tony Iniguez	4×400 m relay T53/54	3:21.52	2	N/A		did not advance

Legend: Q – Qualifiers for the final as decided on a basis of rank within heat; WR=World Record; PR=Paralympic Record

Women

Athlete	Event	Heat		Semifinal		Final
		Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Result	Rank
Mallerie Badgett	100 m T52	N/A				24.01	6
	200 m T52	N/A				43.42	7
Cheri Blauwet	400 m T53	1:00.03	1 Q	N/A		57.07	4
	800 m T53	N/A				1:58.38	4
	5000 m T54	N/A				12:29.43	4
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:40:04	5
Julie Crisp	Javelin throw F35-38	N/A				18.84	17
Anjali Forber Pratt	100 m T53	17.46	1 Q	N/A		17.99	6
	200 m T53	31.66	2 Q	N/A		30.99	4
	400 m T53	58.76	3 Q	N/A		56.79
Jessica Galli	100 m T53	17.00	2 Q	N/A		16.88
	200 m T53	30.58	2 Q	N/A		29.68
	400 m T53	56.10	1 Q	N/A		54.88
	800 m T53	N/A				1:57.25
	1500 m T54	3:30.32	3 Q	N/A		3:41.68	4
Jennifer Goeckel	100 m T54	18.21	5	N/A		did not advance
	200 m T54	32.84	4	N/A		did not advance
	400 m T54	1:01.11	6	N/A		did not advance
Sabra Hawkes	100 m T37	15.75	8	N/A		did not advance
	200 m T37	32.36	6	N/A		did not advance
April Holmes	100 m T44	13.76	1 Q	N/A		13.72
	200 m T44	N/A				Disqualified
	Long jump F44	N/A				did not start
Jill Kennedy	Discus throw F40	N/A				20.89	6
	Shot put F40	N/A				6.39	8
Cheryl Leitner	100 m T52	N/A				24.40	7
	200 m T52	N/A				41.01	6
Chelsea McClammer	800 m T54	1:57.09	5 Q	N/A		1:51.88	8
Tatyana McFadden	100 m T54	16.71	3 Q	N/A		16.62	6
	200 m T54	29.49	2 Q	N/A		28.43
	400 m T54	54.04	2 Q	N/A		53.49
	800 m T54	1:56.56	1 Q	N/A		1:46.95
Amanda McGrory	800 m T53	N/A				1:57.31
	1500 m T54	3:34.56	2 Q	N/A		3:42.17	5
	5000 m T54	N/A				12:29.07
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:40:00
Kerri Morgan	100 m T52	N/A				21.56	5
	200 m T52	N/A				40.82	5
Maggie Redden	100 m T53	19.29	5	N/A		did not advance
	200 m T53	35.13	6	N/A		did not advance
Shirley Reilly	1500 m T54	3:33.33	5 Q	N/A		3:43.54	7
	5000 m T54	N/A				12:32.19	8
	Marathon T54	N/A				1:40:26	7
Robyn Stawski	Discus throw F32-34/51-53	N/A				11.24	15
	Javelin throw F33-34/52-53	N/A				11.50	14
	Shot put F32-34/52-53	N/A				5.56	13
Anjali Forber Pratt Jessica Galli Tatyana McFadden Amanda McGrory	4×100 m relay T53/54	N/A				1:02.16

Legend: Q – Qualifiers for the final as decided on a basis of rank within heat; WR=World Record; PR=Paralympic Record

Boccia

See main article: Boccia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The U.S. boccia team consisted of a single competitor, T. J. Hawker.^[17] Hawker lost his four pool stage matches and did not advance to the knock-out stage.^[18]

Cycling

See main article: Cycling at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The initial members of the 2008 U.S. Paralympic Cycling Team were named on June 6, 2008, after the 2008 U.S. Paralympics Cycling National Championships in Morrison, Colorado.^[19] The final roster included thirteen athletes (seven men and six women).^[20] The team entered the Games with a goal of two gold and ten medals total.^[21] They surpassed their goal, finishing with fourteen medals: five gold, five silver, and four bronze.

Factor timeTo ensure a fair event when athletes with differing disabilities compete, times achieved were sometimes modified by a percentage rate, to produce a result known as "Factor Time". It is this time that decided the result of the races, and is listed below. Where this differs from the actual time recorded, actual time is also listed.

Road

Men

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Alejandro Albor	ind. road race HC C	2:01:44
	ind. time trial HC C	20:59.49
Michael Farrell	ind. road race LC1/LC2/CP4	2:01:58	28
	ind. time trial CP4	38:14.76	7
David Lee	ind. road race HC B	1:38:09	14
	ind. time trial HC B	25:04.99	14
Oz Sanchez	ind. road race HC C	1:21:41
	ind. time trial HC C	20:16.52
Matt Updike	ind. road race HC B	1:32:17	10
	ind. time trial HC B	24:39.59	13
Ron Williams	ind. road race LC1/LC2/CP4	2:01:44	25
	ind. time trial LC2	36:12.84	5
Anthony Zahn	ind. road race LC3/LC4/CP3	1:58:19	26
	ind. time trial LC4	41:08.21

Women

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Barbara Buchan	ind. time trial LC 3/LC 4/CP 3	FT: 42:28.73 AT: 44:45.17
Allison Jones	ind. time trial LC 3/LC 4/CP 3	44:42.88
Greta Neimanas	ind. time trial LC 1/LC 2/CP 4	40:26.09	4
Jennifer Schuble	ind. time trial LC 1/LC 2/CP 4	FT: 38:38.94 AT: 40:42.28
Karissa Whitsell Mackenzie Woodring (pilot)	ind. road race B&VI 1-3	1:58:35
	ind. time trial B&VI 1-3	36:14.87

Key:

• AT = actual time
• FT = factor time

Track

Men

Athlete	Event	Heats		Quarterfinals		Semifinals		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Michael Farrell	ind. 1 km time trial CP4	N/A						1:17.594	8
	ind. pursuit CP4	align="center"	- 4:04.606	9	N/A				Did not advance
Anthony Zahn	ind. road race LC3-4	N/A						FT: 1:29.280 AT: 1:33.275	20
	ind. pursuit LC4	L 4.27.048	6	N/A				Did not advance

Women

Athlete	Event	Heats		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Barbara Buchan	ind. 500 m time trial LC3-4/CP 3	N/A		FT: 47.105 AT: 49.156	8
	ind. pursuit LC3-4/CP 3	W FT: 4:13.860 AT: 4:31.334 WR	1 Q	W FT: 4:15.848 AT: 4:33.459
Allison Jones	ind. 500 m time trial LC3-4/CP 3	N/A		46.397	6
	ind. pursuit LC3-4/CP 3	L 4:36.306	8	Did not advance
Greta Neimanas	ind. 500 m time trial LC1-2/CP 4	N/A		40.265	8
	ind. pursuit LC1-2/CP 4	L 3:57.966	5	Did not advance
Jennifer Schuble	ind. 500 m time trial LC1-2/CP 4	N/A		FT: 34.331 AT: 40.278 WR
	ind. pursuit LC1-2/CP 4	W FT: 3:35.514 AT: 4:01.243 WR	1 Q	L FT: 3:36.867 AT: 4:02.758
Karissa Whitsell Mackenzie Woodring (pilot)	ind. 1 km time trial B&VI 1-3	N/A		1:12:787	4
	ind. pursuit B&VI 1-3	align="center"	- 3:42.237	3 Q	(Bronze final) W 3:41.521

Key:

• Q = Qualified for next round
• WR = World record
• AT = actual time
• FT = factor time

Equestrian

See main article: Equestrian at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The only equestrian events held in the Paralympic Games are in the Dressage discipline. Five American riders competed, in both individual and team events.^[22]

Athlete	Horse	Event	Test round		Final round		Total
			Score	Rank	Score	Rank	Score	Rank
Robin Brueckmann	Radetzky	Ind. champ. test grade IV	N/A				56.387	14
		Ind. freestyle test grade IV	N/A				61.135	11
Barbara Grassmyer	Mibis	Ind. champ. test grade III	N/A				57.120	10
		Ind. freestyle test grade III	N/A				63.389	10
Rebecca Hart	Norteassa	Ind. champ. test grade II	N/A				62.545	12
		Ind. freestyle test grade II	N/A				68.110	4
Keith Newerla	Walk on the Moon	Ind. champ. test grade Ib	N/A				58.571	12
		Ind. freestyle test grade Ib	N/A				60.500	14
Lynn Seidemann	Rhett	Ind. champ. test grade Ib	N/A				63.905	6
		Ind. freestyle test grade Ib	N/A				64.221	9
Lynn Seidemann Rebecca Hart Barbara Grassmyer Robin Brueckmann	Rhett Norteassa Mibis Radetzky	Overall team	185.702 64.471 62.000 59.231 59.214	10	183.570 63.905 62.545 57.120 56.387	11	369.272	10

Goalball

See main article: Goalball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. Goalball is a Paralympic sport played by athletes who are blind and visually impaired. At the 2008 Paralympics, the U.S. men's goalball team hoped to repeat their bronze medal performance in Athens, but lost to Sweden in the final.^{[23] [24]} The U.S. women's goalball team improved on their silver medal performance in Athens, defeating China in the gold medal match.^[25]

Men

Squad list^[26]	Preliminaries		Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final (Bronze medal match)	Rank
	Group B	Rank
Chris Dodds Steve Denuyl Tyler Merren Donte' Mickens Eddie Munro Daryl Walker Coach: Tom Parrigin	L 3-13	4 Q	W 4-2	L 0-4	L 2-5	4
	L 2-8
	W 6-4
	W 4-3
	L 1-9

Women

Squad list	Preliminaries		Semifinal	Final	Rank
		Rank
Jen Armbruster Lisa Banta Jackie Barnes Jessie Lorenz Asya Miller Robin Theryoung Coach: Ken Armbruster	W 2-0	2 Q	W 4-3	W 6-5
	W 2-0
	L 0-4
	D 2-2
	W 4-0
	D 1-1
	W 7-4

Judo

See main article: Judo at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

Jordan Mouton was selected as the only U.S. representative in the women's division at the 2008 U.S. Paralympic Trials for Judo.^[27] All four American men went uncontested at the Trials and were automatically selected for the team. Greg DeWall, a first-time Paralympian, won a bronze medal in the Men's +100 kilogram class.^[28]

Athlete	Event	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	First Repechage Round	Repechage Semifinals	Final
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Greg DeWall	Men's +100 kg	W 1000–0000	L 0000–0111	Moved to repechage	Bye	W 1000–0000	W 1001–0110
Scott Jones	Men's -81 kg	L 0001–0210	did not advance
Jordan Mouton	Women's -70 kg	N/A	L 0000–1000	Moved to repechage	N/A	L 0000–1000	Did not advance	7
Myles Porter	Men's -100 kg	Bye	L 0000–1001	Moved to repechage	W 1000–0000	W 0200–0000	L 0000–1000	5
Andre Watson	Men's -90 kg	Bye	L 0000–0001	Moved to repechage	L 0000–1000	did not advance

Powerlifting

See main article: Powerlifting at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The U.S. powerlifting team consisted of two competitors, Mary Stack and Andy Wise. All of Stack's lifts were declared invalid. She faltered and missed on her first two attempts to lift 110 kg. On her third attempt, Stack managed to lift the weight but the judges did not accept the lift and she was disqualified.^[29] Wise completed two valid lifts, the maximum of which was 150 kg, and finished in eleventh place.^[30]

Athlete	Event	Attempts				Result	Rank
		First	Second	Third	Fourth
Mary Stack	Women's 82.5 kg	110.0	110.0	110.0	N/A	NMR	--
Andy Wise	Men's 67.5 kg	142.5	150.0	155.0	N/A	150.0	11

Key: NMR=No marks recorded

Rowing

See main article: Rowing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The 2008 U.S. Paralympic Rowing Team was selected after the 2008 U.S. Rowing National Championships in West Windsor, N.J. and was composed of nine athletes.^{[31] [32]} This was the first time rowing has appeared as a medal sport in the Paralympic Games.^[33] Laura Schwanger, who has multiple sclerosis and won ten medals in track and field across three Paralympics, battled back from breast cancer treatment to win a bronze medal in women's single sculls at age 49.^{[34] [35]} The U.S. mixed coxed four team rallied in the final 100 m of their 1000 m race to take the silver medal.^[36]

Athlete(s)	Event	Heats		Repechage		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Ronald Harvey	Men's single sculls	5:47.55	4 R	5:50.51	2 FA	5:46.32	5
Laura Schwanger	Women's single sculls	6:01.78	1 FA	N/A		6:35.07
William Brown Angela Madsen	Mixed double sculls	4:29.69	4 R	4:42.64	3 FB	4:40.33	1
Simona Chin Jamie Dean Jesse Karmazin Emma Preuschl Tracy Tackett	Mixed coxed four	3:37.57	3 R	3:47.28	1 FA	3:37.61

Qualification Legend: R=Repechage; FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal)

Sailing

See main article: Sailing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The United States entered crews in all three of the sailing events, held in the Qingdao International Sailing Centre.^{[37] [38]} Maureen McKinnon-Tucker and Nick Scandone clinched a gold medal in the SKUD-18 class with two races left in the series. First-time Paralympian John Ruf won a bronze medal in a competitive 2.4 mR final race, where the top seven players of the fleet started within single-digit points of each other.^[39]

Athlete	Event	Race											Total points	Net points Total-(#)	Rank
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
John Ruf	2.4 mR – 1 person keelboat	2	6	1	(9)	1	7	(10)	3	4	4	CAN	47	28
Maureen McKinnon-Tucker Nick Scandone	SKUD18 – 2 person keelboat	2	1	1	1	(3)	2	1	1	2	(12) DNS	CAN	26	11
Tim Angle Rick Doerr Bill Donohue	Sonar – 3 person keelboat	1	9	10	6	(11)	10	2	3	4	(15) RAF	2	73	47	8

Key:

• (#) = Worst two results discarded
• CAN = Race cancelled
• DNS = Did not start
• RAF = Retired after finishing

Shooting

See main article: Shooting at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The U.S. sent two athletes (one man and one woman) to compete in the shooting events at the Paralympics.^[40]

Athlete	Event	Qualification		Final
		Score	Rank	Score	Rank
Michael Dickey	Men's R7-50 m free rifle 3x40 SH1	1098	21	Did not advance
	Mixed R3-10 m air rifle prone SH1	595	41	Did not advance
Danielle Fong	Women's R2-10 m air rifle standing SH1	385	19	Did not advance
	Women's R8-50 m sport rifle 3x20 SH1	562	16	Did not advance

Swimming

See main article: Swimming at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The 2008 U.S. Paralympic Swimming Trials were held on April 3–5 at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota.^[41] A total of 38 swimming athletes (20 male and 18 female) were selected to represent the U.S. at the 2008 Paralympic Games.^[42] Melissa Stockwell, a former United States Army officer who lost her left leg to a roadside bomb, became the first Iraq War veteran to be selected for the Paralympics.^{[2] [43]} The roster also included Dave Denniston, an NCAA champion in the 200-yard breast stroke, two-time Olympic hopeful, and world record breaker who was paralyzed in a 2005 sledding accident.^[44]

The U.S. Paralympic Swimming Team left Beijing with 17 gold, 14 silver and 13 bronze medals. The total of 44 medals was 9 more than they took home from Athens. Out of the 38 athletes on the team, 19 received a medal. U.S. swimmers set a total of 16 world records, 23 Paralympic records, 48 Pan American records and 99 American records.^[7]

Men

Event	Athletes	Heat		Final
		Time	Position	Time	Position
50 m freestyle – S2	Curtis Lovejoy	1:14.22	5 Q	1:12.59	6
50 m freestyle – S3	Michael DeMarco	1:00.69	8 Q	1:01.69	7
50 m freestyle – S4	Joe McCarthy	40.85	4 Q	39.95	5
50 m freestyle – S5	Roy Perkins	34.67	2 Q	34.61	4
50 m freestyle – S7	Lantz Lamback	29.95	3 Q	28.81
50 m freestyle – S9	Mark Barr	27.89	18	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Cody Bureau	27.11	11	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Michael Prout	28.12	19	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
50 m freestyle – S10	Justin Zook	24.92	4 Q	24.81	4
50 m freestyle – S11	Philip Scholz	29.23	13	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
50 m freestyle – S12	Tucker Dupree	25.41	5 Q	25.31	6
100 m freestyle – S2	Curtis Lovejoy	2:35.49	5 Q	2:34.11	6
100 m freestyle – S3	Michael DeMarco	2:14.97	8 Q	2:07.72	7
100 m freestyle – S4	Joe McCarthy	1:40.19	8 Q	1:34.37	7
100 m freestyle – S5	Roy Perkins	1:17.86	3 Q	1:15.31
100 m freestyle – S7	Lantz Lamback	1:03.70	2 Q	1:02.40
100 m freestyle – S9	Mark Barr	59.56	16	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Cody Bureau	58.29	7 Q	58.14	7
	Michael Prout	59.18	14	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m freestyle – S10	Justin Zook	55.35	6 Q	55.68	8
100 m freestyle – S11	Philip Scholz	1:04.11	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m freestyle – S12	Tucker Dupree	55.16	4 Q	56.16	7
200 m freestyle – S2	Curtis Lovejoy	5:43.52	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
200 m freestyle – S3	Michael DeMarco	align=center colspan=2	N/A	4:39.79	6
200 m freestyle – S5	Roy Perkins	align=center colspan=2	N/A	2:46.68	4
400 m freestyle – S7	Alex Dionne	5:14.97	5 Q	5:02.62	4
	Lantz Lamback	5:05.65	2 Q	4:56.46
400 m freestyle – S8	Rudy Garcia-Tolson	5:02.17	8 Q	align=center colspan=2	Withdrew
	Tom Miazga	5:14.26	9*	5:09.50	8
400 m freestyle – S9	Mark Barr	4:30.48	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Jarrett Perry	4:38.55	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Michael Prout	4:28.25	6 Q	4:29.44	7
400 m freestyle – S10	Joe Wise	4:18.37	2 Q	4:15.83	5
400 m freestyle – S11	Philip Scholz	5:02.07	5 Q	4:57.21	5
400 m freestyle – S12	Tucker Dupree	4:24.95	2 Q	4:23.98	4
50 m butterfly – S5	Roy Perkins	37.14 PR	1 Q	35.95
50 m butterfly – S7	Lantz Lamback	33.83	7 Q	34.56	8
100 m butterfly – S8	Rudy Garcia-Tolson	1:12.99	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m butterfly – S9	Mark Barr	1:03.94	8 Q	1:03.91	8
	Cody Bureau	1:02.42	5 Q	1:02.21	6
	Michael Prout	1:05.81	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m butterfly – S10	Justin Zook	1:01.73	=10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m butterfly – S11	Philip Scholz	1:11.93	8 Q	1:11.76	8
100 m butterfly – S12	Tucker Dupree	1:02.14	4 Q	1:01.53	5
50 m breaststroke – SB3	Michael DeMarco	1:03.26	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m breaststroke – SB4	Dave Denniston	1:53.23	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Roy Perkins	1:56.02	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m breaststroke – SB5	Aaron Paulson	1:44.68	8 Q	1:42.43	7
100 m breaststroke – SB7	Rudy Garcia-Tolson	1:25.76	4 Q	1:24.01
100 m breaststroke – SB8	Jarrett Perry	1:19.44	8 Q	1:20.64	8
100 m breaststroke – SB9	Kendall Bailey	1:20.82	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Cody Bureau	align=center colspan=2	DSQ	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
50 m backstroke – S1	Grover Evans	align=center colspan=2	N/A	2:51.17	6
50 m backstroke – S2	Curtis Lovejoy	1:16.03	8 Q	1:14.69	6
50 m backstroke – S3	Michael DeMarco	1:03.21	8 Q	1:03.03	8
50 m backstroke – S4	Joe McCarthy	55.70	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
50 m backstroke – S5	Dave Denniston	53.07	14	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Roy Perkins	50.77	13	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m backstroke – S7	Lantz Lamback	1:14.06	1 Q	1:12.09
100 m backstroke – S8	Tom Miazga	1:16.01	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m backstroke – S9	Cody Bureau	1:06.42	4 Q	1:05.47	5
	Jarrett Perry	1:03.47	1 Q	1:03.66
	Michael Prout	1:08.72	6 Q	1:08.09	8
100 m backstroke – S10	Justin Zook	1:01.15	1 Q	1:01.29
100 m backstroke – S11	Justin Zook	1:20.46	13	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m backstroke – S12	Tucker Dupree	1:04.14	4 Q	1:04.08	5
200 m individual medley – SM5	Roy Perkins	3:30.69	5 Q	3:23.63	5
200 m individual medley – SM7	Rudy Garcia-Tolson	2:37.80	1 Q	2:35.92
200 m individual medley – SM9	Cody Bureau	2:27.30	8 Q	2:20.21
	Jarrett Perry	align=center colspan=2	DSQ	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Michael Prout	2:25.65	5 Q	2:25.56	6
200 m individual medley – SM12	Tucker Dupree	2:20.32	6 Q	2:19.12	6
4x50 m freestyle relay – 20pts	Michael DeMarco Dave Denniston Lantz Lamback Roy Perkins	align=center colspan=2	N/A	align=center colspan=2	DSQ
4x100 m freestyle relay – 34pts	Mark Barr Cody Bureau Lantz Lamback Michael Prout	align=center colspan=2	N/A	3:59.97	6
4x50 m medley relay – 20pts	Dave Denniston Lantz Lamback Joe McCarthy Roy Perkins	2:46.20	1 Q	2:43.00	4
4x100 m medley relay – 34pts	Mark Barr Cody Bureau Rudy Garcia-Tolson Lantz Lamback Jarrett Perry Michael Prout Justin Zook	4:32.41	2 Q	4:29.38	7

*Listed as finishing heats in ninth place, but started the final in place of eighth-place qualifier Rudy Garcia-Tolson
Legend: Q – Qualifiers for the next round as decided on a time only basis. Ranks shown are overall rank against competitors in all heats; WR=World Record; PR=Paralympic Record

Women

Event	Athletes	Heat		Final
		Time	Position	Time	Position
50 m freestyle – S3	Beth Kolbe	1:11.69	6 Q	1:10.55	5
50 m freestyle – S4	Cheryl Angelelli-Kornoelje	align=center colspan=2	N/A	52.81
	Aimee Bruder	align=center colspan=2	N/A	55.04	5
50 m freestyle – S5	Marin Morrison	1:35.60	14	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
50 m freestyle – S6	Casey Johnson	41.95	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Miranda Uhl	39.20	7 Q	39.14	7
	Cortney Jordan	35.57	4 Q	33.84 PR
	Erin Popovich	34.22 PR	1 Q	33.92
	Amanda Everlove	32.96	7 Q	32.20
	Jessica Long	32.54	5 Q	32.58	6
	April Kerley	30.76	6 Q	30.20	5
	Elizabeth Stone	31.24	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Anna Eames	29.78	5 Q	29.17	4
	Ashley Owens	30.29	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Susan Beth Scott	29.67	4 Q	29.38	5
	Kelley Becherer	align=center colspan=2	N/A	27.85
	Cheryl Angelelli-Kornoelje	1:50.51	2 Q	1:50.25
	Aimee Bruder	1:56.69	3 Q	1:55.33
	Marin Morrison	3:10.30	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Casey Johnson	1:27.75	8 Q	1:26.42	8
	Miranda Uhl	1:23.73	6 Q	1:22.22	7
	Cortney Jordan	align=center colspan=2	N/A	1:12.09
	Erin Popovich	align=center colspan=2	N/A	1:11.82 PR
	Amanda Everlove	1:10.84	4 Q	1:10.65	4
	Jessica Long	1:06.81	1 Q	1:06.91
100 m freestyle – S9	April Kerley	1:06.30	9	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Melissa Stockwell	1:09.55	17	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Elizabeth Stone	1:05.06	4 Q	1:04.86	6
100 m freestyle – S10	Anna Eames	1:03.58	3 Q	1:01.91
	Ashley Owens	1:03.59	4 Q	1:01.57
	Susan Beth Scott	1:02.93	2 Q	1:02.33	4
100 m freestyle – S13	Kelley Becherer	1:00.27	1 Q	1:00.46
200 m freestyle – S5	Cheryl Angelelli-Kornoelje	3:44.56	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Aimee Bruder	3:57.63	15	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
400 m freestyle – S6	Casey Johnson	6:49.80	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Miranda Uhl	6:00.34	3 Q	5:55.64	4
400 m freestyle – S7	Deborah Gruen	6:05.90	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Cortney Jordan	5:31.27	1 Q	5:21.01
	Erin Popovich	5:34.18	2 Q	5:17.41 PR
400 m freestyle – S8	Jessica Long	4:47.45	1 Q	4:50.17
400 m freestyle – S9	Melissa Stockwell	5:09.89	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Elizabeth Stone	5:01.24	6 Q	4:46.53	4
400 m freestyle – S10	Anna Eames	4:52.77	7 Q	4:43.98	4
	Ashley Owens	4:50.68	4 Q	4:38.11
	Susan Beth Scott	4:46.16	1 Q	4:39.44
400 m freestyle – S13	Kelley Becherer	4:42.18	2 Q	4:37.50	=
50 m butterfly – S6	Casey Johnson	43.99	8 Q	42.35	6
	Miranda Uhl	43.98	7 Q	42.50	7
50 m butterfly – S7	Deborah Gruen	49.19	13	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Cortney Jordan	44.94	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Erin Popovich	38.71	2 Q	37.87
100 m butterfly – S8	Amanda Everlove	1:11.64	1 Q	1:12.16
	Jessica Long	1:12.54	2 Q	1:11.96
100 m butterfly – S9	April Kerley	1:17.15	14	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Melissa Stockwell	1:22.09	18	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Elizabeth Stone	1:14.99	10	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
100 m butterfly – S10	Anna Eames	1:09.26	1 Q	1:09.44
	Susan Beth Scott	1:15.11	6 Q	1:15.72	6
100 m butterfly – S13	Kelley Becherer	1:08.91	5 Q	1:08.38	6
100 m breaststroke – SB6	Deborah Gruen	1:46.76	4 Q	1:44.00
	Casey Johnson	2:07.89	11	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Miranda Uhl	1:50.80	5 Q	1:48.44	6
	Jessica Long	align=center colspan=2	N/A	1:38.60
	Erin Popovich	align=center colspan=2	N/A	1:31.60
	Beth Kolbe	1:18.81	8 Q	1:17.97	8
	Marin Morrison	align=center colspan=2	DSQ	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Casey Johnson	1:51.42	13	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Miranda Uhl	1:41.74	6 Q	1:40.44	8
	Cortney Jordan	1:30.14	5 Q	1:26.57	4
	Amanda Everlove	align=center colspan=2	DSQ	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Jessica Long	1:20.44	2 Q	1:19.56
	Elizabeth Stone	1:13.52	4 Q	1:11.16
	Susan Beth Scott	1:14.09	4 Q	1:13.97	4
	Kelley Becherer	1:13.06	3 Q	1:11.53	5
	Aimee Bruder	align=center colspan=2	N/A	3:29.80	4
200 m individual medley – SM6	Casey Johnson	3:56.80	12	align=center colspan=2	Did not advance
	Miranda Uhl	3:16.95 PR	1 Q	3:13.05
200 m individual medley – SM7	Deborah Gruen	3:29.16	7 Q	3:27.48	7
	Cortney Jordan	3:15.89	2 Q	3:07.96
	Erin Popovich	3:01.21 PR	1 Q	2:54.61
200 m individual medley – SM8	Amanda Everlove	2:52.93	2 Q	2:50.51
	Jessica Long	2:42.56	1 Q	2:41.85
200 m individual medley – SM10	Anna Eames	2:43.21	4 Q	2:42.46	5
	Susan Beth Scott	2:45.39	6 Q	2:43.99	6
	Kelley Becherer	align=center colspan=2	N/A	2:32.21	4

Legend: Q – Qualifiers for the next round as decided on a time only basis. Ranks shown are overall rank against competitors in all heats; WR=World Record; PR=Paralympic Record

Table tennis

See main article: Table tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The United States sent four athletes (three men and one woman) to compete in Paralympic table tennis.^[45]

Men

Athlete	Event	Group matches		Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final Bronze final
		Opposition Result	Rank^[46]	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Tahl Leibovitz	Singles C9-10	W 3–0 L 1–3	2	N/A		Did not advance
Andre Scott	Singles C4-5	W 3–1 L 0–3	3	N/A		Did not advance
Mitch Seidenfeld	Singles C7	L 1–3 W 3–0 W 3–0	1	N/A		L 0–3	L 1–3	4
Tahl Leibovitz Andre Scott Mitch Seidenfeld	Team C9-10	N/A		L 2–3	Did not advance

Women

Volleyball

See main article: Volleyball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The U.S. women's sitting volleyball team upset world number one Netherlands in five sets to reach the gold medal match, where they lost to China for a silver medal.^{[47] [48]} The men's sitting volleyball team failed to qualify for the Paralympics after losing to Brazil at the 2007 Parapan American Games.^[49]

Women's sitting volleyball

Squad list	Preliminaries		Semifinal	Final	Rank
	Pool B	Rank
Allison Aldrich Heather Erickson Alexandra Gouldie Katryn Holloway SuGui Kriss Kendra Lancaster Hope Lewellen Brenda Maymon (captain) Gina McWilliams Nichole Millage Kari Miller (libero) Lora WebsterCoach: Michael Hulett	W 3–0 (25–15,25–18,25–9)	2 Q	W 3–2 (19–25,25–23,28–26, 25–27, 15–10)	L 0–3 (14–25,19–25,15–25)
	L 0–3 (14–25,21–25,19–25)
	W 3–0 (25–12,25–17,25–11)

Wheelchair basketball

See main article: Wheelchair basketball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The United States qualified for both men's and women's wheelchair basketball tournaments at the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation qualifying tournaments for the Americas.^[50] The men's team finished in fourth place after losing to Great Britain in the bronze final. The women's team successfully defended their 2004 gold medal with a win over Germany.^[51]

Men

Squad list	Group stage (Pool B)		Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final (Bronze final)
	Opposition Result	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
From:Eric Barber Joe Chambers Jacob Counts Jeremy Lade Matt Lesperance Jaime Mazzi Jay Nelms Mikey Paye Paul Schulte Matt Scott Steve Serio Jeff Glasbrenner Coach: Steve Wilson	W 76–53	2 Q	W 20–0*	L 62–69	L 77–85	4
	W 87–41
	L 50–54
	W 97–38
	W 68–61

*Iran withdrew from its quarterfinal match against the United States on September 19, 2008.^[52] The match had been rescheduled from 11:15am to 9:00am, but was changed without any logical reason according to the head of Iran's delegation.^[53] As a result, the U.S. was awarded the win by the score of 20–0 and automatically advanced to the semi-finals.

Women

Squad list	Group stage (Pool A)		Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final
	Opposition Result	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
From:Sarah Castle Patty Cisneros (captain) Loraine Gonzales Carlee Hoffman Emily Hoskins Mary Allison Milford Rebecca Murray Alana Nichols Christina Ripp Jen Ruddell Natalie Schneider Stephanie Wheeler Coach: Ronald Lykins	W 42–38	1 Q	W 75–31	W 60–47	W 50–38
	W 61–42
	W 56–31
	W 68–38

Wheelchair fencing

See main article: Wheelchair fencing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The United States sent five athletes (four men and one woman) to compete in wheelchair fencing.^[54]

Athlete	Event	Pool play		Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final
		W–L	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Mark Calhoun	Men's foil A	1–4	6	did not advance
	Men's saber A	3–3	4	L 8–15	did not advance
Andrea Demello	Women's épée B	1–4	6	did not advance
	Women's foil B	0–5	6	did not advance
Gerard Moreno	Men's foil B	1–4	5	did not advance
	Men's saber B	0–5	6	did not advance
Scott Rodgers	Men's épée B	4–1	3	W 15–2	L 4–15	did not advance
	Men's foil B	2–3	4	W 15–11	L 10–15	did not advance
Benjy Williams	Men's épée B	2–3	4	L 2–15	did not advance
	Men's saber B	0–5	6	did not advance

Wheelchair rugby

See main article: Wheelchair rugby at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. At the Paralympics teams in the sport of wheelchair rugby are made up of mixed classification quadriplegic athletes of both sexes.^[55] The United States qualified by winning the 2006 World Wheelchair Rugby Championships and went on to win its third gold medal since wheelchair rugby was introduced as a demonstration sport at the 1996 Atlanta Paralympics.^{[56] [57]}

Squad list	Group stage (Pool A)		Semifinal	Final
	Opposition Result	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
From:Andy Cohn Will Groulx Scott Hogsett Bryan Kirkland Norm Lyduch Seth McBride Jason Regier Nick Springer Chance Sumner Joel Wilmoth Mark Zupan Coach: James Gumbert	W 65–30	1 Q	W 35–32	W 53–44
	W 44–37
	W 37–32

Wheelchair tennis

See main article: Wheelchair tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.

The American wheelchair tennis team consisted of nine players. Lee Hinson, Paul Moran, Jon Rydberg and Stephen Welch competed in the men's events, Beth Arnoult and Kaitlyn Verfuerth competed in the women's events, and Brent Poppen, Nick Taylor and David Wagner competed in the mixed quadriplegic events. The tennis team was coached by Dan James, with Jason Hartnett as assistant coach, David Schobel as team leader, and Bill Taylor as the personal care assistant.^[58] Taylor and Wagner successfully defended their title in mixed doubles, which they had won four years earlier at the 2004 Paralympics. The two men competed against each other in the bronze medal match of the mixed singles event, with Wagner prevailing.^[59]

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Lee Hinson	Men's singles	W 6–1, 6–3	L 2–6, 0–6	did not advance
Paul Moran	Men's singles	L 0–6, 1–6	did not advance
Jon Rydberg	Men's singles	W 6–2, 6–0	W 6–4, 6–3	L 1–6, 1–6	did not advance
Stephen Welch	Men's singles	W 6–1, 6–1	W 6–1, 6–0	L 2–6, 3–6	did not advance
Beth Arnoult	Women's singles	N/A	W 6–0, 6–0	W 1–6, 6–3, 6–4	L 3–6, 0–6	did not advance
Kaitlyn Verfuerth	Women's singles	N/A	W 6–4, 6–0	L 1–6, 5–7	did not advance
Brent Poppen	Mixed singles	N/A		L 2–6, 6–7	did not advance
Nick Taylor	Mixed singles	N/A		W 6–3, 6–3	W 1–6, 7–5, 7–6	L 0–6, 3–6	L 2–6, 6–4, 1–6	4
David Wagner	Mixed singles	N/A		W 6–3, 4–6, 6–4	W 6–2, 6–2	L 4–6, 6–2, 3–6	W 6–2, 4–6, 6–1
Lee Hinson Paul Moran	Men's doubles	N/A	W 7–6, 3–6, 6–4	L 1–6, 4–6	did not advance
Jon Rydberg Stephen Welch	Men's doubles	N/A	W 6–4, 6–7, 6–1	L 3–6, 1–6	did not advance
Beth Arnoult Kaitlyn Verfuerth	Women's doubles	N/A		Bye	W 5–7, 7–5, 6–2	L 2–6, 1–6	L 7–5, 3–6, 2–6	4
Nick Taylor David Wagner	Mixed doubles	N/A			Bye	W 6–3, 6–4	W 6–0, 4–6, 6–2

Media coverage

U.S. coverage of the 2008 Paralympic Games was provided by the Universal Sports Television Network. Daily live and delayed highlight shows as well as coverage of the opening and closing ceremonies was available on-demand at UniversalSports.com from September 6–17.^[60] Daily video highlights were also available at the official website of the U.S. Paralympic Team, usparalympics.org.^[8] The Universal Sports television broadcast began on October 8, followed by seven days of three-hour segments of coverage and a special presentation highlighting the events that was broadcast by NBC on October 18. A 90-minute documentary was presented by NBC on November 9, and was followed by another broadcast of the Games on Universal Sports from November 10–16.^[61]

See also

• 2008 Summer Paralympics
• United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics

External links

• Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games results database
• International Paralympic Committee official website
• United States Paralympic Committee official website

Notes and References

1. Web site: Rohlfs . Amy. Jennifer Armbruster Named Flag Bearer for Opening Ceremonies of the 2008 Paralympic Games . 2008-09-04 . U.S. Paralympics . 2008-11-07.
2. Web site: Dugan Kusumoto . Tara . Melissa Stockwell, Iraq War Veteran, Elected as Flag Bearer for Closing Ceremonies . 2008-09-16 . United States Olympic Committee . 2008-10-25 . 2008-11-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081119233642/http://usparalympics.org/news/article/6753 . dead .
3. Web site: Abrahamson . Alan . Wounded Veterans Find New Challenges at USOC Paralympic Military Sports Camp . United States Olympic Committee . 2008-10-24 . 2008-10-25 .
4. Web site: Pasquale . Lauren . Team USA Helps Inspire Recovering Veterans . United States Olympic Committee . 2008-10-09 . 2008-10-25 .
5. Web site: Lumpkin . Bernard . Wounded Iraq Veteran To Represent U.S. In Paralympics . MTV . 2008-08-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080830021341/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1593382/20080822/id_0.jhtml . dead . August 30, 2008 . 2008-08-27 .
6. Web site: 2008 U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Teams to Make Traditional White House Visit on October 7. 2008-10-06. U.S. Paralympics. 2008-11-27.
7. Web site: Kusumoto . Tara . 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES: U.S. Paralympic Swimming Team Tops Medal Standings . U.S. Paralympics . 2008-09-16 . 2008-11-27 . https://archive.today/20090724104231/http://usocpressbox.org/usoc/pressbox.nsf/6272c9a938d3a5cb8525711000564abd/e814d326adb2c40a852574c6001e74dc?OpenDocument . 2009-07-24 . dead .
8. Web site: Universal Sports to Broadcast LIVE Coverage of the 2008 Beijing Paralympic Games . 2008-11-27 . USOC . 2008 .
9. Web site: Paralympics categories explained . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . 2008-09-03 . 2008-09-25.
10. News: Making sense of the categories . BBC Sport . 2000-10-06 . 2008-09-18.
11. News: A-Z of Paralympic classification . BBC Sport . 2008-08-28 . 2008-09-18.
12. Web site: Medallists USA - United States . Beijing 2008 Official Website . 2008-09-18 . 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090310144317/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRMP/ENG/INF/GL/92A/USA_T.shtml . 2009-03-10 . dead .
13. Web site: Athletes: Archery . 2008-11-22 . U.S. Paralympics. 2008.
14. Web site: Medalists - Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games - Archery . 2009-01-11 . International Paralympic Committee.
15. News: Fimrite. Peter. Iraq veteran excels at Paralympics shot put . 2011-10-12 . The San Francisco Chronicle . 2008-08-06.
16. Web site: Bourgeois . Beth . 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES: U.S. Track & Field Wrap-up . 2008-11-29 . US Paralympics . 2008-09-17 . https://archive.today/20090724104800/http://usocpressbox.org/usoc/pressbox.nsf/600975efad23ab78872565410013e138/8ca7ddc15ba15d50852574c70018ace3?OpenDocument . 2009-07-24 . dead .
17. Web site: T.J. Hawker Nominated to Compete at Paralympic Games in Beijing, China. USA Boccia. 2008-11-28. 2008. 2011-07-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20110717174913/http://www.usaboccia.com/T%20J%20%20Hawker%20Press%20Release%20%2009-2008.pdf. dead.
18. Web site: Boccia - Results table. USA Boccia. 2008-09-08. 2008-11-28. 2011-07-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20110717174928/http://www.usaboccia.com/TJ%20Results%2009-08-08.pdf. dead.
19. Web site: Lieberman . Stuart . Eleven Athletes Nominated to the 2008 U.S. Paralympic Cycling Team following National Championships in Morrison, Colo. . 2008-11-29 . U.S. Paralympics . 2008-06-06 . 2008-09-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080926063800/http://paralympics.usoc.org/news/article/2016 . dead .
20. Web site: U.S. Paralympic Cycling Team set to open competition in Beijing . 2008-11-29 . USA Cycling . 2008-09-06 . 2010-06-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100615185735/http://usacycling.org/news/user/story.php?id=3833 . dead .
21. Web site: Shaklee. Katrina . 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES - CYCLING: Cycling Team Achieves Three More Medals in Final Day of Competition; Brings Grand total to 14 . 2008-11-29 . U.S. Paralympics . 2008-09-14.
22. Web site: Team Rosters: 2008 U.S. Paralympic Equestrian Team. https://web.archive.org/web/20080831012302/http://paralympics.teamusa.org/content/index/599. dead. August 31, 2008. 2008-11-16. US Paralympics. 2008.
23. Web site: Rohlfs. Amy. 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES: Men's & Women's Goalball Teams Advance; Men to Play for Bronze. 2008-11-26. U.S. Paralympics . 2008-09-13.
24. Web site: Team profile Goalball Men's Team: United States . 2010-01-11 . Official Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games website . https://web.archive.org/web/20081202005047/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRMP/ENG/BIO/Team/9990069.shtml . 2008-12-02 . dead .
25. Web site: Rohlfs. Amy. 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES: U.S. Women's Goalball Team Wins Gold. https://web.archive.org/web/20080918041540/http://paralympics.teamusa.org/news/article/6724. dead. September 18, 2008. 2008-11-26. US Paralympics . 2008-09-14.
26. Web site: Day 6 - Sept. 12; 2008 PARALYMPIC GAMES: U.S Goalball -Silence is "Goal-den". 2008-11-26. US Paralympics . 2008-09-12.
27. Web site: Jordan Mouton Wins U.S. Paralympic Trials for Judo . 2008-11-29 . USA Judo . 2008-04-26 . 2009-02-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090211065627/http://www.usjudo.org/2008ParalympicJudoTrials.asp . dead .
28. Web site: Jomantas. Nicole. Greg De Wall Wins Bronze, Myles Porter Finishes Fifth at the Paralympic Games . https://web.archive.org/web/20081015031539/http://judo.teamusa.org/news/article/6669 . dead . October 15, 2008 . 2008-11-29 . USA Judo . 2008-09-10.
29. Web site: Mary Hodge Coaches USA at '08 Paralympics in Beijing! . 2009-01-03 . United Cerebral Palsy Association of Nassau County . 2008 . 2010-02-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100203230039/http://www.ucpn.org/index.php/site/news_detail/2008_paralympics_in_beijing_and_more_with_mary_c_hodge/ . dead .
30. Web site: Results - Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games - Powerlifting Men's Up To 67.5 kg . International Paralympic Committee . 2010-01-11.
31. Web site: USRowing Names First Adaptive Boat to 2008 U.S. Paralympic Team . 2008-11-25 . 2008-06-11 . USRowing . https://archive.today/20090724105514/http://www.usrowing.org/News_Media/PressReleases/detail.aspx?nws_lKey=519 . 2009-07-24 . dead .
32. Web site: ROWING: USRowing Announces 2008 U.S. Paralympic Games Roster. 2008-09-09. Johnson. Brett. 2008-07-08. USOC. 2008-07-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20080730062323/http://teamusa.org/news/article/2477. dead.
33. Web site: Rowing . 2008-11-25 . 2008 . International Paralympic Committee . https://web.archive.org/web/20090521125303/http://www.paralympic.org/release/Summer_Sports/Rowing/ . 2009-05-21 . dead .
34. News: Schwarz . Alan . More Hope for the Middle-Aged . 2008-11-25 . 2008-09-05 . The New York Times . https://web.archive.org/web/20110714220947/http://olympics.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/05/more-hope-for-the-middle-aged/?scp=3&sq=Laura%20Schwanger&st=cse . 2011-07-14 . Alan Schwarz . dead .
35. News: Klein . Jeff . U.S. Paralympians on Day 5: More Swimming Gold for Popovich and Long . 2008-11-25 . 2008-09-11 . The New York Times . https://web.archive.org/web/20110901033011/http://olympics.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/11/us-paralympians-on-day-5-more-swimming-gold-for-popovich-and-long/?scp=1&sq=Laura%20Schwanger&st=cse . 2011-09-01 . dead .
36. Web site: Mixed Coxed Four - LTA: Italy snares last gold of Rowing regatta . 2008-11-25 . 2008-09-11 . Beijing 2008 Official Website . https://web.archive.org/web/20090218053819/http://en.paralympic.beijing2008.cn/news/sports/rowing/n214597042.shtml . 2009-02-18 . dead .
37. Web site: Athletes: Sailing. 2008-11-24 . USOC . 2008.
38. Web site: National Line Up For 2008 Paralympic Sailing Competition . International Association for Disabled Sailing . 2008-11-24 . 2008-11-24 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081202142931/http://www.sailing.org/24411.php . December 2, 2008 .
39. Web site: Paralympic Sailing Regatta Final Day: Scandone/McKinnon-Tucker Win Gold, Ruf Wins Bronze. 2008-11-25. 2008-09-13. US Sailing. 2008-09-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20080921115549/http://olympics.ussailing.org/Current__News/Team_USA_Wins_Gold__Bronze_Medals.htm. dead.
40. Web site: Athletes: Shooting. 2008-11-26. U.S. Paralympics. 2008.
41. Book: U.S. Paralympics 2008 Swimming Performance Plan. U.S. Paralympics. 2008-05-29.
42. Web site: 2008 U.S. Paralympic Team Roster By Sport. https://web.archive.org/web/20080910224427/http://assets.teamusa.org/assets/documents/attached_file/filename/2335/2008Roster_by_Sport.pdf. dead. September 10, 2008. 2008-09-10. U.S. Paralympics. 2008-08-19.
43. Web site: Associated Press. First Iraq war veteran chosen for Paralympics. 2008-11-27. NBC Sports. 2008-04-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20081015000105/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/23986068/. 2008-10-15. dead.
44. Web site: Berg. Aimee. Denniston Has Hand in 2008 Olympic Swim Trials. 2008-11-27. U.S. Paralympics. 2008-06-30.
45. Web site: Team Rosters: 2008 U.S. Paralympic Table Tennis Team . 2008-11-22 . U.S. Paralympics. 2008.
46. Web site: 2008 Beijing - Table Tennis Results. International Paralympic Committee . 2008-10-14.
47. Web site: Sitting Volleyball Day 6 Review: US upsets No. 1 team to reach final . 2010-01-11 . Beijing 2008 Official Website . 2008-09-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080916025152/http://en.paralympic.beijing2008.cn/news/sports/sittingvolleyball/n214599486.shtml . 2008-09-16 . dead .
48. Web site: Women's Team: China defeat US 3-0 to secure gold . 2010-01-11 . China Internet Information Center/State Council Information Office. 2008-09-14.
49. Web site: Evans. B.J.. Brazil Stuns U.S. Men's Sitting Team in Gold-medal match . 2008-11-28 . USA Volleyball. 2007-08-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20071023113411/http://www.usavolleyball.org/VolleyballNews/news.asp?id=1870 . 2007-10-23.
50. Web site: Wheelchair Basketball: QUALIFICATION SYSTEM PRINCIPLES . 2010-01-10 . Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games . 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090304210446/http://en.paralympic.beijing2008.cn/sports/wheelchairbasketball/news/n214355427.shtml . 2009-03-04 . dead .
51. News: Schwarz . Alan . U.S. Women Win Wheelchair Basketball Gold . 2008-11-28 . The New York Times . 2008-09-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090619211709/http://olympics.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/15/us-women-win-wheelchair-basketball-gold/ . 2009-06-19 . dead .
52. News: Xinhua News Agency. Iran withdraws from Paralympic wheelchair basketball quarterfinals. 2008-11-20 . China Daily. 2008-09-13.
53. Web site: Iran withdraws from Paralympic wheelchair basketball quarterfinals. 2008-11-20. Iran Sports Press. 2008-09-13. 2008-12-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20081206161246/http://www.iransportspress.com/news/182/ARTICLE/6651/2008-09-13.html. dead.
54. Web site: Team Rosters: 2008 U.S. Paralympic Fencing Team . https://web.archive.org/web/20090109143057/http://paralympics.teamusa.org/content/index/601 . dead . January 9, 2009 . 2008-11-28 . U.S. Paralympics. 2008.
55. Web site: Home > Paralympic Sports > Wheelchair Rugby > Classification . Beijing 2008 Official Website . 2008-09-22 . 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081012192010/http://en.paralympic.beijing2008.cn/sports/wheelchairrugby/n214357497.shtml . 2008-10-12 . dead .
56. Web site: No title for Wheel Blacks . 2009-01-09. Television New Zealand . 2006-09-16.
57. Web site: U.S. win third wheelchair rugby gold at Beijing Paralympics. https://web.archive.org/web/20080919042526/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-09/16/content_10044871.htm. dead. September 19, 2008. Xinhua News Agency. 2008-09-16 . 2008-11-20.
58. Web site: LaDue . Tom . USTA Announces 2008 U.S. Paralympic Tennis Team . U.S. Paralympics . 2008-07-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080917211556/http://paralympics.teamusa.org/news/article/2628 . dead . September 17, 2008 . 2008-08-27 .
59. Web site: Athlete Search Results . International Paralympic Committee . 2008 . 2010-01-10.
60. Web site: Universal Sports Brings First Ever Multiplatform Broadcast of Paralympics to US . 2010-01-10 . International Paralympic Committee . 2008-08-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080914084027/http://www.paralympic.org/release/Main_Sections_Menu/News/Press_Releases/2008_08_25_a.html . 2008-09-14 . dead .
61. Web site: NBC, Universal to Present Paralympic Coverage . https://archive.today/20110728150109/http://volleyball.teamusa.org/news/article/7692 . dead . July 28, 2011 . 2008-11-27 . USA Volleyball . 2008-11-07 .