United States Motion Picture Corporation Explained

The United States Motion Picture Corporation was an early American independent film studio that produced comedic films on the East Coast. It existed during the "transitional" period before the Hollywood studio system centralized film production. The United States Motion Picture Corporation made one reel silent films in the Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, area from 1916 through 1919.

Business history

Incorporated in New Jersey on March 2, 1915, The United States Motion Picture Corporation established its main office in the Savoy Building in downtown Wilkes-Barre. Its studios were located across the Susquehanna River in Forty Fort, Pennsylvania, on Slocum Street near Wyoming Avenue.[1] The company's studio, established in Forty Fort by the summer of 1915, was a glass and steel building that looked somewhat like a greenhouse, designed to allow maximum light for filming[2]

The United States Motion Picture Corporation was founded by James O. Walsh, who was its president, Fred W. Hermann, who was the vice president, and Daniel L. Hart, who was its treasurer and is also listed as its scenario editor in one newspaper account. Hart, an award-winning playwright, would later serve as the mayor of Wilkes-Barre from 1920 to his death in 1933.

Black Diamond Comedies

Between October 2, 1916 and November 12, 1917, the United States Motion Picture Corporation produced and released twenty-seven Black Diamond Comedies. "Black Diamond" referred to anthracite coal, deposits of which had made Wilkes-Barre and the surrounding area a center of the mining industry and contributed to the region's wealth. The one-reel silent films were the first comedies distributed by Paramount Pictures, which was then based in New York. Paramount advertised these comedies widely in 1917, sometimes alongside those of Fatty Arbuckle, another Paramount comic artist. The films often followed a comic character named Susie, portrayed by USMPC’s leading lady Leatrice Joy, through mishaps and blunders. The films' advertisements that appear in The Moving Picture World magazine note the use of comic special effects with stop action and film speed experimentation.

After the company ended its contract with Paramount Pictures in 1917, USMPC released six additional one-reel comic films as Unique Comedies, which were distributed by the Arrow Film Company of New York. These include "His Neglected Wife," which also stars Leatrice Joy and other actors who appeared in Black Diamond Comedies.

The United States Motion Picture Corporation also released Rainbow Comedies, one-reel comic films distributed by the General Film Company, in 1918 and 1919.[3] These films often starred Lillian Vera and Eddie Boulden and were directed by Joseph A. Richmond.

Company end

The United States Motion Picture Corporation stopped producing films in 1919. The company's studios in Forty Fort, Pennsylvania were subsequently used by the Serico Company, which filmed its serial A Woman in Grey in 1920.[4]

Selected filmography

Black Diamond Comedies

Unique Comedies

Rainbow Comedies

Surviving films

Three films produced by the United States Motion Picture Corporation are known to survive, the Black Diamond Comedies films Her Fractured Voice and Susie Slips One Over, and the Unique Comedies film His Neglected Wife.

The Prelinger Archives digitized its print of Her Fractured Voice and made it available online.[58] The film features scenes of downtown Wilkes-Barre, including images of the original fountain in the city's Public Square.

Film prints of Susie Slips One Over are held at the UCLA Film and Television Archive. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences’ Margaret Herrick Library in Los Angeles also holds a poster for the film.[59] In 2012, The UCLA Film and Television Archive deposited a DVD of the film with the Luzerne County Historical Society archive in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

Only one print of the United States Motion Pictures Corporation films released under the Unique Comedies title is known to exist, His Neglected Wife starring Leatrice Joy. The film was discovered in a vault in New Zealand and was returned to the United States for restoration at George Eastman House in 2010.[60] The film features images of the historic Hotel Sterling in Wllkes-Barre, which was torn down in 2013. Charles Petrillo, a historian in Wilkes-Barre, sponsored this restoration and has ensured that a DVD copy of the film will be placed at the Luzerne County Historical Society archives for further study.

Contemporary film screenings

On October 26, 2012, King's College and the Luzerne County Historical Society cosponsored a screening of the films Her Fractured Voice, His Neglected Wife, and Flesh and Spirit. The films were shown with live musical accompaniment at the King's College Burke Auditorium.[61]

External links

Notes and References

  1. The Editor. November 14, 1916. 44. 434.
  2. New Studio in Pennsylvania. The Moving Picture World. August 14, 1915. 1141.
  3. Rainbows Successful for General. The Moving Picture World. 4 January 1919. 105.
  4. Web site: A Woman in Grey. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  5. Nearly a Deserter. The Moving Picture World. September 22, 1916. 1931.
  6. Bridget's Blunder. The Moving Picture World. October 14, 1916. 187.
  7. A Troublesome Trip. The Moving Picture World. November 4, 1916. 643.
  8. Web site: A Troublesome Trip. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  9. Villainous Pursuit. The Moving Picture World. November 18, 1916. 950.
  10. Their Counterfeit Vacation. The Moving Picture World. November 25, 1916. 1098.
  11. Web site: Their Counterfeit Vacation. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  12. His Ivory Dome. The Moving Picture World. December 9, 1916. 1442.
  13. Web site: His Ivory Dome. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  14. Braving Blazes. The Moving Picture World. January 6, 1917. 14.
  15. He Did It Himself. The Moving Picture World. February 17, 1917. 946.
  16. Her Scrambled Ambition. The Moving Picture World. February 24, 1917. 1251.
  17. Web site: Her Scrambled Ambition. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  18. Speed. The Moving Picture World. March 31, 1917. 2019.
  19. Web site: Speed. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  20. The Magic Vest. The Moving Picture World. April 7, 1917. 34.
  21. Web site: The Magic Vest. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  22. Web site: The Wishbone. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  23. Getting the Evidence. The Moving Picture World. April 7, 1917. 162.
  24. Web site: Getting the Evidence. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  25. Her Iron Will. The Moving Picture World. June 30, 1917. 2027.
  26. Web site: Her Iron Will. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  27. The Window Dresser's Dream. The Moving Picture World. July 14, 1917. 173.
  28. Web site: he Window Dresser's Dream. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  29. Web site: Susie of the Follies. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  30. Her Fractured Voice. The Moving Picture World. June 23, 1917. 1994.
  31. Web site: Her Fractured Voice. blackdiamondcomedies.org. 11 December 2012.
  32. Web site: Her Fractured Voice. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  33. Web site: Auto Intoxication. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  34. Paramount's Issues for July. The Moving Picture World. July 21, 1917. 486.
  35. Web site: Wits and Fits. 11 December 2012.
  36. Web site: Wits and Fits. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  37. Web site: The Rejuvenator. 11 December 2012.
  38. Web site: The Rejuvenator. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  39. Susie the Sleepwalker. The Moving Picture World. August 25, 1917. 1158.
  40. Web site: Susie the Sleepwalker. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  41. Susie's Scheme. The Moving Picture World. October 27, 1917. 470.
  42. Web site: Susie's Scheme. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  43. Susie Slips One Over. The Moving Picture World. November 10, 1917. 796.
  44. Web site: Susie Slips One Over. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  45. Web site: Nearly a Baker. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  46. Web site: A Society Scrimmage. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  47. Rainbow Starts Off Well. The Moving Picture World. October 12, 1918. 253.
  48. Web site: My Lady's Slipper. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  49. A Pair of Rainbows: Two Comedies Produced by the United States Motion Picture Corporation are Fairly Amusing. The Moving Picture World. December 14, 1918. 1247.
  50. Web site: Nearly a Slacker. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  51. A Pair of Rainbows: Two Comedies Produced by the United States Motion Picture Corporation are Fairly Amusing. The Moving Picture World. December 14, 1918. 1247.
  52. Web site: Some Judge. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  53. Web site: How She Hated Men. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  54. Rainbow Reaches Fifth Release. The Moving Picture World. November 23, 1918. 843.
  55. Web site: The Camouflaged Baby. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  56. Web site: The Pipe of Peace. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  57. Web site: Hooverizing. IMDB. 11 December 2012.
  58. Web site: Her Fractured Voice. archives.org. 11 December 2012.
  59. Web site: Susie Slips One Over. blackdiamondcomedies.org. 11 December 2012.
  60. Web site: The New Zealand Project: Films Returned in 1910. National Film Preservation Board. 18 December 2012.
  61. Web site: Quiet-on-the-set. The Times Leader. 11 December 2012.

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