| Election Name: | 1994 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas |
| Country: | Texas |
| Type: | legislative |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1992 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas |
| Previous Year: | 1992 |
| Next Election: | 1996 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas |
| Next Year: | 1996 |
| Seats For Election: | All 30 Texas seats to the United States House of Representatives |
| Election Date: | November 8, 1994 |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Last Election1: | 21 |
| Seats1: | 19 |
| Seat Change1: | 2 |
| Popular Vote1: | 1,734,163 |
| Percentage1: | 42.1% |
| Swing1: | 7.8% |
| Party2: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Last Election2: | 9 |
| Seats2: | 11 |
| Seat Change2: | 2 |
| Popular Vote2: | 2,294,222 |
| Percentage2: | 55.7% |
| Swing2: | 7.9% |
The 1994 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas occurred on November 8, 1994, to elect the members of the state of Texas's delegation to the United States House of Representatives. Texas had thirty seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1990 United States census.
In early 1994, several Republicans sued the state alleging that District 18 and District 29 were racially gerrymandered.[1] District 30 was later added to the case, and in August, a federal judicial panel ordered the state to redraw its congressional districts.[2] A separate panel later allowed the struck districts to be used for the 1994 elections, but it ordered the state to redraw its districts before the 1996 elections.[3] This decision was later appealed and became the Supreme Court case Bush v. Vera.[4]
These elections occurred simultaneously with the United States Senate elections of 1994, the United States House elections in other states, and various state and local elections.
Amidst the Republican Revolution, in which the Republican Party took control of the U.S. House for the first time since 1952, Republicans gained two seats in the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas and won the statewide popular vote, but Democrats maintained their majority of Texas seats due to redistricting.[5]
| 1994 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas[6] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | Percentage | Seats before | Seats after | +/– | ||
| Republican | 2,294,222 | 55.68% | 9 | 11 | +2 | ||
| Democratic | 1,734,163 | 42.09% | 21 | 19 | -2 | ||
| Libertarian | 35,889 | 0.87% | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| Independent | 55,786 | 1.35% | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| Totals | 4,120,060 | 100.00% | 30 | 30 | — | ||
See also: Texas's 1st congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Jim Chapman ran for re-election.
| Election Name: | 1994 Texas's 2nd congressional district election |
| Country: | Texas |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1992 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas#District 2 |
| Previous Year: | 1992 |
| Next Election: | 1996 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas#District 2 |
| Next Year: | 1996 |
| Image1: | CharlieWilson.jpg |
| Nominee1: | Charlie Wilson |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 87,709 |
| Percentage1: | 57.04% |
| Nominee2: | Donna Peterson |
| Party2: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 66,071 |
| Percentage2: | 42.96% |
| U.S. Representative | |
| Before Election: | Charlie Wilson |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Charlie Wilson |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
See also: Texas's 2nd congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Charlie Wilson ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 3rd congressional district. Incumbent Republican Sam Johnson ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 4th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Ralph Hall ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 5th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat John Wiley Bryant ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 6th congressional district. Incumbent Republican Joe Barton ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 7th congressional district. Incumbent Republican Bill Archer ran for re-election unopposed.
See also: Texas's 8th congressional district. Incumbent Republican Jack Fields ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 9th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Jack Brooks ran for re-election. Republican Steve Stockman, who had lost to Brooks in 1992, defeated the 42-year incumbent as suburban Republican voters came to increasingly dominate the district.[7]
See also: Texas's 10th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat J. J. Pickle opted to retire rather than run for re-election.[8]
See also: Texas's 11th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Chet Edwards ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 12th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Pete Geren ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 13th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Bill Sarpalius ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 14th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Greg Laughlin ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 15th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Kika de la Garza ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 16th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Ronald D. Coleman ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 17th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Charles Stenholm ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 18th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Craig Washington ran for re-election. He was defeated in the Democratic Primary by Houston City Councilor Sheila Jackson Lee.[9] [10]
See also: Texas's 19th congressional district. Incumbent Republican Larry Combest ran for re-election unopposed.
See also: Texas's 20th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Henry B. González ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 21st congressional district. Incumbent Republican Lamar Smith ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 22nd congressional district. Incumbent Republican Tom DeLay ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 23rd congressional district. Incumbent Republican Henry Bonilla ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 24th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Martin Frost ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 25th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Michael A. Andrews retired to run for U.S. Senator.[11] Despite the national Republican wave, Democrat Ken Bentsen, the nephew of Treasury Secretary and former U.S. Senator Lloyd Bentsen, defeated businessman Gene Fontenot in the open race. The race was the most expensive U.S. House race in Texas history; Fontenot had outspent Bentsen four to one.[12]
See also: Texas's 26th congressional district. Incumbent Republican Dick Armey ran for re-election. He became the first Texas Republican to be elected majority leader of the U.S. House of Representatives.
See also: Texas's 27th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Solomon Ortiz ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 28th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Frank Tejeda ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 29th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Gene Green ran for re-election.
See also: Texas's 30th congressional district. Incumbent Democrat Eddie Bernice Johnson ran for re-election.