The 1980 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina were held on November 4, 1980, to select six Representatives for two-year terms from the state of South Carolina. The primary elections for the Democrats and the Republicans were held on June 10 and the runoff elections were held two weeks later on June 24. Three incumbents were re-elected, but John Jenrette of the 6th congressional district was defeated in his bid for re-election and the open seat in the 1st congressional district was taken by the Republicans from the Democrats. The composition of the state delegation after the elections was four Republicans and two Democrats.
Incumbent Democratic Congressman Mendel Jackson Davis of the 1st congressional district, in office since 1971, opted to retire. Tommy Hartnett, a Republican state senator from Charleston, defeated Thomas G. Moore in the Republican primary and Democrat Charles D. Ravenel in the general election.
| Democratic primary | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| 30,966 | 55.6 | |
| Wheeler Tillman | 17,070 | 30.7 |
| Charles B. Brassell | 3,838 | 6.9 |
| Benjamin Frazier, Jr. | 3,786 | 6.8 |
| Republican primary | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| 10,510 | 75.4 | |
| Thomas G. Moore | 3,428 | 24.6 |
|-| | colspan=5 |Republican gain from Democratic|-
Incumbent Republican Congressman Floyd Spence of the 2nd congressional district, in office since 1971, defeated Democratic challenger Tom Turnipseed.
| Democratic primary | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| Tom Turnipseed | 28,490 | 71.6 |
| Leigh J. Leventis | 11,303 | 28.4 |
|-| | colspan=5 |Republican hold|-
Incumbent Democratic Congressman Butler Derrick of the 3rd congressional district, in office since 1975, defeated Republican challenger Marshall Parker.
|-| | colspan=5 |Democratic hold|-
Incumbent Republican Congressman Carroll A. Campbell, Jr. of the 4th congressional district, in office since 1979, defeated Libertarian challenger Thomas P. Waldenfels.
|-| | colspan=5 |Republican hold|-
Incumbent Democratic Congressman Kenneth Lamar Holland of the 5th congressional district, in office since 1975, defeated Libertarian challenger Thomas Campbell.
|-| | colspan=5 |Democratic hold|-
Incumbent Democratic Congressman John Jenrette of the 6th congressional district, in office since 1975, was defeated in his bid for re-election by Republican John Light Napier.
| Democratic primary | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| 38,565 | 45.3 | |
| Hicks Harwell | 22,251 | 26.2 |
| John W. Brassington | 11,346 | 13.3 |
| Erick B. Ficken | 8,061 | 9.5 |
| William T. McElveen, Sr. | 4,887 | 5.7 |
| Democratic primary runoff | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| John Jenrette | 42,759 | 52.5 | +7.3 |
| Hicks Harwell | 38,621 | 47.5 | +21.3 |
| Republican primary | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| 3,735 | 60.0 | |
| 2,491 | 40.0 | |
|-| | colspan=5 |Republican gain from Democratic|-