2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan explained

Election Name:2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
Country:Michigan
Type:legislative
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
Next Year:2018
Seats For Election:All 14 Michigan seats to the United States House of Representatives
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Last Election1:9
Seats1:9
Popular Vote1:2,243,402
Percentage1:48.03%
Swing1: 0.55%
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Last Election2:5
Seats2:5
Popular Vote2:2,193,980
Percentage2:46.97%
Swing2: 2.20%

The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the 14 U.S. representatives from the state of Michigan, one from each of the state's 14 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate in 33 other states and various state and local elections. The deadline for candidates to file for the August 2 primary election was April 19.[1]

Results summary

Results of the 2016 House of Representatives elections in Michigan by district:[2]

scope=col rowspan=3Districtscope=col colspan=2Democraticscope=col colspan=2Republicanscope=col colspan=2Othersscope=col colspan=2Totalscope=col rowspan=3Result
scope=col colspan=2 style="background:"!scope=col colspan=2 style="background:"!scope=col colspan=2!scope=col colspan=2
scope=col data-sort-type="number"Votes !scope=col data-sort-type="number"% !scope=col data-sort-type="number"Votes !scope=col data-sort-type="number"% !scope=col data-sort-type="number"Votes !scope=col data-sort-type="number"% !scope=col data-sort-type="number"Votes !scope=col data-sort-type="number"%
144,334 40.1% 197,777 54.9% 13,386 3.7% 355,497 100.00% Republican hold
110,391 32.5% 212,508 62.6% 8,154 2.4% 331,053 100.00% Republican hold
128,400 37.5% 203,545 59.5% 10,420 3.0% 342,365 100.00% Republican hold
101,277 32.1% 194,572 61.6% 8,516 2.7% 304,365 100.00% Republican hold
195,279 61.2% 112,102 35.1% 7,006 2.2% 314,387 100.00% Democratic hold
119,580 36.4% 193,259 58.7% 10,420 3.0% 323,259 100.00% Republican hold
134,010 40.0% 184,321 55.1% 16,476 4.9% 334,807 100.00% Republican hold
143,791 39.2% 205,629 56.0% 9,619 2.6% 359,039 100.00% Republican hold
199,661 57.9% 128,937 37.4% 9,563 2.8% 338,161 100.00% Democratic hold
110,112 32.3% 215,132 63.1% 15,739 4.6% 340,983 100.00% Republican hold
152,461 40.2% 200,872 52.9% 16,610 4.4% 369,943 100.00% Republican hold
211,378 64.3% 96,104 29.3% 9,183 2.8% 316,665 100.00% Democratic hold
198,771 77.1% 40,541 15.7% 9,648 3.7% 248,960 100.00% Democratic hold
244,135 78.5% 58,103 18.7% 4,893 1.6% 307,131 100.00% Democratic hold
Total 2,193,980 47.8% 2,243,402 48.9% 149,633 3.3% 4,587,015 100.00%

District 1

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 1st congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 1
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 1
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Jack Bergman (2017) (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Jack Bergman
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:197,777
Percentage1:54.9%
Nominee2:Lon Johnson
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:144,334
Percentage2:40.1%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Dan Benishek
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Jack Bergman
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 1st congressional district. When Republican Dan Benishek first ran to represent Michigan's 1st congressional district in the 2010 elections, he pledged to serve no more than three terms. In March 2015, he decided to run for a fourth term as the district's representative.[3] However, he changed his mind in September and decided not to seek re-election.[4]

On June 24, Michigan Democratic Party chairman Lon Johnson declared his run for the seat.[5] Former Democratic nominee Jerry Cannon also announced his candidacy.[6] Republican state senator Tom Casperson announced his run in November 2015.[7] Casperson was challenged in the Republican primary by former state legislator Jason Allen, who announced he was running in January 2016,[8] and retired U.S. Marine Jack Bergman, who declared in March.[9] In January 2016, Benishek endorsed Casperson's candidacy.[10]

In the August 2 primary, Jack Bergman won the GOP nomination and Lon Johnson won the Democratic nomination.[11]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
Declined

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
Declined

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
align=left The Cook Political Report[17] November 7, 2016
align=left Daily Kos Elections[18] November 7, 2016
align=left Rothenberg[19] November 3, 2016
align=left Sabato's Crystal Ball[20] November 7, 2016
RCP[21] October 31, 2016

Results

District 2

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 2nd congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 2
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 2
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Bill Huizenga official congressional photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Bill Huizenga
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:212,508
Percentage1:62.6%
Nominee2:Dennis Murphy
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:110,391
Percentage2:32.5%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Bill Huizenga
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Bill Huizenga
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

Republican incumbent Rep. Bill Huizenga ran for re-election. His Democratic opponent was Dennis Murphy, and his Libertarian opponent was Kentwood City Commissioner Erwin Haas.[15] [22] [23]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

General election

Results

District 3

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 3rd congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 3
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 3
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Justin Amash official photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Justin Amash
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:203,545
Percentage1:59.5%
Nominee2:Douglas Smith
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:128,400
Percentage2:37.5%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Justin Amash
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Justin Amash
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

Republican incumbent Rep. Justin Amash ran for re-election. His Democratic opponent was Douglas Smith.[23]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

General election

Results

District 4

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 4th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 4
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 4
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:John Moolenaar (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:John Moolenaar
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:194,572
Percentage1:61.6%
Nominee2:Debra Friedell Wirth
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:101,277
Percentage2:32.1%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:John Moolenaar
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:John Moolenaar
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

Republican incumbent Rep. John Moolenaar ran for re-election. His Libertarian opponent was Leonard Schwartz. Keith Butkovich was the candidate for the Natural Law Party, George Zimmer for the U.S. Taxpayers Party and George Salvi for the Green Party. There was no Democratic opponent on the August primary ballot, but Debra Wirth launched a successful write-in campaign to be the Democratic nominee for the November election.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

General election

Results

District 5

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 5th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 5
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 5
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Dan Kildee 116th Congress.jpg
Nominee1:Dan Kildee
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:195,279
Percentage1:61.2%
Nominee2:Allen Hardwick
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:112,102
Percentage2:35.1%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Dan Kildee
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:Dan Kildee
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic incumbent Rep. Dan Kildee ran for re-election. His Republican opponent was Al Hardwick.[23]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

District 6

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 6th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 6
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 6
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Fred Upton 113th Congress photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Fred Upton
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:193,259
Percentage1:58.6%
Nominee2:Paul Clements
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:119,980
Percentage2:36.5%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Fred Upton
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Fred Upton
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 6th congressional district. Incumbent Fred Upton sought re-election to his House seat. His Democratic challenger in 2014, Paul Clements, ran again.[24]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
align=left The Cook Political ReportNovember 7, 2016
align=left Daily Kos ElectionsNovember 7, 2016
align=left RothenbergNovember 3, 2016
align=left Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 7, 2016
RCPOctober 31, 2016

Results

District 7

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 7th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 7
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 7
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Tim Walberg 113th Congress.jpg
Nominee1:Tim Walberg
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:184,321
Percentage1:55.1%
Nominee2:Gretchen Driskell
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:134,010
Percentage2:40.0%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Tim Walberg
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Tim Walberg
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 7th congressional district. The 7th district is located in Southern Michigan. The incumbent was Republican Tim Walberg, who had represented the district since 2011 and previously represented the district from 2007 to 2009. He was re-elected with 53% of the vote in 2014, and the district has a PVI of R+3. Walberg was challenged by Doug North.[26] Democratic state representative Gretchen Driskell, the former mayor of Saline, announced that she would run against Walberg in 2016,[27] as would Libertarian Ken Proctor.[15] Walberg won the Republican nomination.[28]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Declined

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size
Margin of
error
Tim
Walberg (R)
Gretchen
Driskell (D)
Undecided
Harper Polling (R)[30] September 12–13, 2015404± 5.0% align=center49%32%20%
IMP/Revsix/Change Media[31] March 13–16, 2015422± 5.0%37% align=center42%21%

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
align=left The Cook Political ReportNovember 7, 2016
align=left Daily Kos ElectionsNovember 7, 2016
align=left RothenbergNovember 3, 2016
align=left Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 7, 2016
RCPOctober 31, 2016

Results

District 8

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 8th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 8
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 8
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Mike Bishop official congressional photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Mike Bishop
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:205,629
Percentage1:56.0%
Nominee2:Suzanna Shkreli
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:143,791
Percentage2:39.2%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Mike Bishop
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Mike Bishop
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 8th congressional district. Freshman Republican incumbent Mike Bishop ran for re-election. He ran unopposed in the Republican primary.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Two candidates were originally slated to face each other in the Democratic primary. They were former actress Melissa Gilbert (Little House on the Prairie) and a former president of the Screen Actors Guild, and Linda Keefe.[23]

Gilbert withdrew from the race in May 2016 due to health issues, and at that time Keefe did not appear to have collected enough valid petition signatures to be placed on the ballot.[32]

On July 6, 2016, Democrats introduced 29-year-old Suzanna Shkreli, an Assistant Macomb County Prosecutor to be the party's nominee.[33] At the time of Shkreli's announcement, it was still unclear if Michigan Secretary of State Ruth Johnson would allow Gilbert to be removed from the ballot. Johnson said that the Office of the Secretary of State would not make a ruling until after the state's August 2 primary.[34] Gilbert's name remained on the ballot.

On August 2, Gilbert received the most votes in the Democratic primary, receiving 28,810 votes, despite previously announcing her withdrawal from the race. Michigan Democratic Party Chairman Brandon Dillon said the day after that the party would begin the process to remove Gilbert from the November ballot and replace her with Shkreli within 48 hours.[35] Bishop's campaign described Gilbert's attempt to be removed from the ballot as unprecedented. A Democratic campaign spokesman said they had retained legal counsel for the process.[35]

The Michigan state elections director said that Gilbert's name could be removed from the ballot in the general election.[36] On August 22, 2016, the state board of canvassers allowed Gilbert's name to be replaced on the November ballot with that of Shkreli.[37]

Nominee

Failed to qualify

Withdrawn

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
align=left The Cook Political ReportNovember 7, 2016
align=left Daily Kos ElectionsNovember 7, 2016
align=left RothenbergNovember 3, 2016
align=left Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 7, 2016
RCPOctober 31, 2016

Results

District 9

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 9th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 9
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 9
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Sander Levin 113th Congress.jpg
Nominee1:Sander Levin
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:199,661
Percentage1:57.9%
Nominee2:Christopher Morse
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:128,937
Percentage2:37.4%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Sander Levin
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:Sander Levin
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic incumbent Rep. Sander Levin ran for re-election. His Republican challenger was Christopher Morse, and his Libertarian opponent was Matt Orlando.[14] [23]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

District 10

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 10th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 10
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 10
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Paul Mitchell official congressional photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Paul Mitchell
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:215,132
Percentage1:63.1%
Nominee2:Frank Acavitti, Jr.
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:110,112
Percentage2:32.3%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Candice Miller
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Paul Mitchell
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 10th congressional district. Republican incumbent Candice Miller, who had represented the 10th district since 2003, did not run for reelection.[40] State representative Tony Forlini,[41] State Senator Phil Pavlov, businessman Paul Mitchell, former state senator Alan Sanborn, and retired military veteran David VanAssche were seeking the Republican nomination to succeed Miller.[42] State Senator Jack Brandenburg considered entering the race, but declared in January 2016 that he would not run.[43] [44] Paul Mitchell won the Republican nomination.[28]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
Withdrew

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

District 11

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 11th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 11
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 11
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Dave Trott official photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Dave Trott
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:200,872
Percentage1:52.9%
Nominee2:Anil Kumar
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:152,461
Percentage2:40.2%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Dave Trott
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Dave Trott
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 11th congressional district. The 11th district is located northwest of Detroit. The incumbent was Republican Dave Trott, who had represented the district since 2015. He was elected in 2014, winning the general election with 55.9% of the vote. He ran for re-election. Anil Kumar was his Democratic opponent, and Jonathan Osment was his Libertarian opponent.[14] Kerry Bentivolio, who represented the 11th District from 2013 to 2015 and lost to Trott in the 2014 Republican primary, announced on July 21, 2016, that he planned to seek the seat as an independent after losing to Osment in the Libertarian convention.[47]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

Independent

General election

Results

District 12

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 12th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 12
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 12
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Debbie Dingell 116th Congress.jpg
Nominee1:Debbie Dingell
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:211,378
Percentage1:64.3%
Nominee2:Jeff Jones
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:96,104
Percentage2:29.3%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Debbie Dingell
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:Debbie Dingell
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic first term congresswoman Debbie Dingell ran for re-election and was unopposed in the primary. Jeff Jones was the Republican challenger, a Taylor resident, a former independent United States Senate candidate in 2014.[48] Also running was Tom Bagwell of Wyandotte, libertarian activist and former Ypsilanti Township Park Commissioner who won the Libertarian Party nomination for District 12 on May 14, 2016, in Lansing, Michigan.[49]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

District 13

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 13th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 13
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 Michigan's 13th congressional district special election
Next Year:2018 (special)
Image1:File:John Conyers official photo (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:John Conyers
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:198,771
Percentage1:77.1%
Nominee2:Jeff Gorman
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:40,541
Percentage2:15.7%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:John Conyers
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:John Conyers
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

See also: Michigan's 13th congressional district. John Conyers, a Democrat, the incumbent representative in the 13th district, had served 26 terms in Congress and was the Dean of the United States House of Representatives. Detroit and City Clerk Janice Winfrey ran against Conyers in the Democratic Party primary election.[51] Jeff Gorman ran on the Republican side, and Tiffany Hayden ran on the Libertarian side.[14] [23] Conyers won the nomination.[52]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Defeated in primary
Failed to qualify

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

District 14

Election Name:2016 Michigan's 14th congressional district election
Country:Michigan
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 14
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 14
Next Year:2018
Image1:File:Rep. Brenda Lawrence Official Portrait.jpg
Nominee1:Brenda Lawrence
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:244,135
Percentage1:78.5%
Nominee2:Howard Klausner
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:58,103
Percentage2:18.7%
Map Size:250
U.S. Representative
Before Election:Brenda Lawrence
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:Brenda Lawrence
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic incumbent Rep. Brenda Lawrence sought re-election and had two Democratic challengers, Terrance Morrison and Vanessa Moss. Lawrence won the Democratic nomination.[53] The Republican candidate was Howard Klausner and the Libertarian candidate was Gregory Creswell.[23]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Defeated in primary

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Libertarian convention

Nominated

General election

Results

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: SUMMARY CALENDAR FOR CANDIDATE AND PROPOSAL DEADLINES : August 2, 2016 Primary and November 8, 2016 General Election . Michigan.gov . 2016-07-09.
  2. Web site: Election 2016: Michigan Results . The New York Times . 2016 . June 13, 2020.
  3. Web site: Benishek planning to run for 4th term despite signing term-limit pledge. March 24, 2015. Detroit Free Press. September 28, 2015.
  4. Web site: Benishek announces retirement. Traverse City Record-Eagle. September 15, 2015 . September 28, 2015.
  5. News: Livengood. Chad. Michigan Democratic Party chairman to run for Congress. July 1, 2015. The Detroit News. June 25, 2015.
  6. Web site: George Weeks: State politicians focus on vets, firefighters. Traverse City Record-Eagle. September 5, 2015 . September 28, 2015.
  7. News: Livengood. Chad. Casperson runs for Congress, gets attacked by tax votes. December 12, 2015. The Detroit News. Jonathan Wolman. November 9, 2015.
  8. Web site: Jason Allen announces he will run for Congress News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News WLUC . January 15, 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095433/http://uppermichiganssource.com/news/local/jason-allen-announces-he-will-run-for-congress . March 4, 2016.
  9. Web site: Bergman vies for First Congressional seat. The Alpena News. 2016-03-04. 2016-07-09. April 23, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160423022251/http://www.thealpenanews.com/page/content.detail/id/552129/Bergman-vies-for-First-Congressional-seat.html?nav=5004. dead.
  10. News: Spangler. Todd. U.S. Rep. Benishek endorses Casperson for seat. April 18, 2016. January 14, 2016.
  11. News: 2016 Michigan Primary Election: Statewide races. Associated Press. August 3, 2016. August 29, 2016.
  12. Web site: GOP Michigan Rep. Benishek will retire from House. U.S. News & World Report. September 28, 2015.
  13. Web site: Emily Cahn . Democrat Mulls Rematch in Michigan House Contest . rollcall.com/ . 2 February 2023 . 11 March 2015.
  14. Web site: Candidate and Committee Viewer. Federal Election Commission. July 10, 2016.
  15. Web site: 2016 Michigan Candidate Listing. Michigan Department of State. July 10, 2016.
  16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tm6jNTtjjJI YouTube
  17. Web site: 2016 House Race Ratings for November 7, 2016 . House: Race Ratings . . November 12, 2016.
  18. Web site: Daily Kos Elections House race ratings: Initial ratings for 2016 . . November 7, 2016.
  19. Web site: 2016 House Ratings (November 3, 2016) . House Ratings . . November 3, 2016.
  20. Web site: 2016 House . . November 7, 2016 . November 7, 2016.
  21. Web site: Battle for the House 2016 . . October 31, 2016.
  22. Web site: City Commission. City of Kentwood. July 10, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160718062446/http://www.ci.kentwood.mi.us/cityhall/committees/citycommission.asp. July 18, 2016. dead.
  23. Web site: 2016 Michigan Official Primary Candidate Listing. Miboecfr.nictusa.com. 2016-07-09.
  24. Web site: Democrat Paul Clements announces bid for Congress in 2016. MLive.com. August 12, 2015 . September 28, 2015.
  25. Web site: Wenke Running For Congress As Libertarian . WMUK . 2016-05-18 . 2016-07-09.
  26. Web site: Newcomer Douglas North hopes to defeat Tim Walberg for 7th Congressional District for under $5,000. MLive.com. July 24, 2014 . 2016-07-09.
  27. News: Democratic state Rep. Gretchen Driskell announces bid for 7th Congressional seat in 2016. MLive. Will Forgrave. February 9, 2015. February 10, 2015.
  28. Web site: Detroit Free Press . Hosted.ap.org . 2016-08-03 . 2017-01-24.
  29. News: Congressional race. City Pulse. Kyle Melinn. February 11, 2015. February 13, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150213231616/http://www.lansingcitypulse.com/lansing/article-11054-congressional-race.html. February 13, 2015. dead.
  30. http://www.mlive.com/news/jackson/index.ssf/2015/09/recent_poll_indicates_voters_l.html Harper Polling (R)
  31. https://web.archive.org/web/20160305012742/http://www.insidemichiganpolitics.com/story/15/03/23/democrat-driskell-edges-incumbent-walberg-new-inside-michigan-politicsrevsix-change IMP/Revsix/Change Media
  32. News: Spangler. Todd. Gray. Kathleen. Actress Melissa Gilbert drops out of race for Congress. 25 May 2016. Detroit Free Press. May 24, 2016.
  33. Web site: Dems want newcomer to step into Melissa Gilbert's shoes. Todd Spangler. Detroit Free Press. July 6, 2016.
  34. Web site: Dems recruit prosecutor as foe against U.S. Rep. Bishop. Chad Livengood. The Detroit News. July 6, 2016.
  35. Web site: Democrats moving to get Melissa Gilbert off November ballot. Wayne Peal. Livingston Daily. August 4, 2016. August 5, 2016.
  36. Spangler, Todd. ""Republicans challenge decision to let Melissa Gilbert off ballot", Detroit Free Press, August 19, 2016.
  37. Gibbons, Laura. "Suzanna Shkreli to replace actress Melissa Gilbert on 8th Congressional ballot", MLive.com, August 22, 2016.
  38. Web site: Another Democratic congressional challenger falls. Wayne Peal. Livingston Daily Press & Argus. May 26, 2016. July 6, 2016.
  39. https://www.scribd.com/document/325939585/MI-08-Public-Opinion-Strategies-for-Mike-Bishop-and-the-NRCC Public Opinion Strategies (R-Bishop/NRCC)
  40. Web site: Rep. Miller: 'We all know when it is time to move on'. March 6, 2015. March 16, 2015. David. Shepardson. The Detroit News.
  41. Web site: Macomb Rep. Forlini jumps into race for Congresswoman Miller's seat - Politically Speaking . Politicscentral.org . February 20, 2016 . 2016-07-09.
  42. News: Nann Burke. Melissa. Sanborn plans to run for Miller's House seat. April 25, 2015. The Detroit News. Jonathan Wolman. April 21, 2015.
  43. Web site: Millionaire Mitchell joins race for Rep. Miller's seat. July 13, 2015. The Detroit News. September 28, 2015.
  44. News: Livengood. Chad. Brandenburg declines to run for Congress. January 28, 2016. January 27, 2016.
  45. Web site: Shelby Township treasurer announces candidacy for Congress. The Macomb Daily. Mitch Hotts. May 31, 2015. June 1, 2015. June 2, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150602160450/http://www.macombdaily.com/government-and-politics/20150531/shelby-township-treasurer-announces-candidacy-for-congress. dead.
  46. Web site: Report of Receipts and Disbursements for an Authorized Committee. fec.gov. Federal Election Commission. January 28, 2016.
  47. Web site: Ex-Rep. Bentivolio seeks political comeback. Chad Livengood. The Detroit News. July 21, 2016.
  48. Web site: Money pours in to Michigan congressional campaigns. WZZM13.com. 2016-04-18. 2016-07-09.
  49. Web site: Wyandotte man announces candidacy for Michigan's 12th District. Thenewsherald.com. 2016-04-06. 2016-07-09. May 4, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160504183006/http://thenewsherald.com/articles/2016/04/06/news/doc56e9bafc8103b026382766.txt. dead.
  50. Web site: Michigan congressional candidate apologizes for teen sex remarks . Freep.com . 2016-06-06 . 2016-07-09.
  51. Web site: Detroit Clerk Janice Winfrey to challenge John Conyers. September 25, 2015. Detroit Free Press. September 28, 2015.
  52. Web site: Conyers, Mitchell, Bergman win congressional primaries . Freep.com . 2017-01-24.
  53. Web site: Crain's Detroit Business : Subscription Center . Crainsdetroit.com . August 3, 2016 . 2017-01-24.