Rhode Island elected its members August 26, 1806. Rhode Island law required a majority of votes to win. In this election, only one candidate won a majority on the first ballot, and so a run-off election was required to choose the second seat.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nehemiah Knight | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot: √ Nehemiah Knight (Democratic-Republican) 26.9% Isaac Wilbour (Democratic-Republican) 24.4% William Hunter (Federalist) 22.2% Thomas Arnold (Federalist) 21.8% Thomas B. Hazard (Quid) 4.7% Second ballot: √ Isaac Wilbour (Democratic-Republican) 58.2% William Hunter (Federalist) 41.3% | ||
| Joseph Stanton Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |