| State: | Michigan |
| District Number: | 12 |
| Image Caption: | Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 |
| Representative: | Rashida Tlaib |
| Party: | Democratic |
| Residence: | Dearborn |
| Population: | 759,672 |
| Population Year: | 2022 |
| Median Income: | $54,818[1] |
| Percent White: | 46.0 |
| Percent Hispanic: | 3.3 |
| Percent Black: | 44.4 |
| Percent Asian: | 1.8 |
| Percent More Than One Race: | 3.8 |
| Percent Other Race: | 0.7 |
| Cpvi: | D+23[2] |
Michigan's 12th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in Michigan.
The district was first created during the reapportionment and redistricting after the 1890 census. From 2003 to 2013, it was located in Detroit's inner suburbs to the north, along the Interstate 696 corridor in Macomb and Oakland counties, and a portion of Macomb north of the corridor. District boundaries were redrawn in 1993 and 2003 due to reapportionment following the censuses of 1990 and 2000.[3] After Michigan's congressional map was redrawn in 2022, the 12th lost Ann Arbor and most of its suburbs and was re-centered around the cities of Detroit and Dearborn.[4]
During the 113th Congress (2013 to 2015), the district was represented by John Dingell (D). He was a congressman for this and other districts for 59 years, making him the longest-serving member of Congress in U.S. history. He was succeeded by his wife, Debbie Dingell, who currently represents the 6th congressional district.[5] The current district is represented by Democrat Rashida Tlaib, who had previously represented the old 13th district. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+23, it is tied with the 13th as the most Democratic districts in Michigan.[2]
In recent times,[6] [7] the district has voted consistently for the Democratic Party candidate in presidential races.
| Year | Winner | Margin | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | align=right | B. Clinton | align=right | 42 - 40% |
| 1996 | align=right | B. Clinton | align=right | 52 - 38% |
| 2000 | align=right | Gore | align=right | 61 - 37% |
| 2004 | align=right | Kerry | align=right | 61 - 39% |
| 2008 | align=right | Obama | align=right | 65 - 33% |
| 2012 | align=right | Obama | align=right | 66 - 33% |
| 2016 | align=right | 61 - 35% | ||
| 2020 | align=right | 64 - 34% | ||
| Representative | Party | Years | Cong ress | Electoral history | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District created March 4, 1893 | ||||||||
| align=left | Samuel M. Stephenson | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1897 | nowrap | Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Retired. | ||
| align=left | Carlos D. Shelden | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1903 | nowrap | Elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Lost renomination. | ||
| align=left | H. Olin Young | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1903 – May 16, 1913 | nowrap | Elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Resigned while a contest for the seat was pending. Lost election contest. | ||
| Vacant | nowrap | May 16, 1913 – August 26, 1913 | Due to a mistake in how the name of William J. MacDonald appeared on the ballot in Ontonagon County some votes were not included in the official count by the state board of canvassers, even though their inclusion in unofficial returns showed MacDonald had won. Subsequently, the United States House Committee on Elections unanimously reported a resolution to the full house awarding the seat to MacDonald. | |||||
| align=left | William J. MacDonald | Progressive | nowrap | August 26, 1913 – March 3, 1915 | Won election contest. Lost re-election. | |||
| align=left | W. Frank James | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1915 – January 3, 1935 | nowrap | Elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Lost re-election. | ||
| align=left | Frank Hook | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1943 | nowrap | Elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Lost re-election. | ||
| align=left | John B. Bennett | Republican | nowrap | January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945 | Elected in 1942. Lost re-election. | |||
| align=left | Frank Hook | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 | Elected in 1944. Lost re-election. | |||
| align=left | John B. Bennett | Republican | nowrap | January 3, 1947 – August 9, 1964 | nowrap | Elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Died. | ||
| Vacant | nowrap | August 9, 1964 – January 3, 1965 | ||||||
| align=left | James G. O'Hara | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1977 | nowrap | Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Retired. | ||
| align=left | David Bonior | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1993 | nowrap | Elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to the . | ||
| align=left | Sander Levin | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 | nowrap | Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the . | ||
| align=left | John Dingell[8] | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015 | Redistricted from the and re-elected in 2012. Retired. | |||
| align=left | Debbie Dingell | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2023 | Elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Redistricted to the . | |||
| align=left | Rashida Tlaib(Detroit) | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 2023 – present | Redistricted from the and re-elected in 2022. | |||