Ambassadors of the United States explained

Ambassadors of the United States are persons nominated by the president to serve as the United States' diplomatic representatives to foreign nations, international organizations, and as ambassadors-at-large. Under Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, their appointment must be confirmed by the United States Senate;^[1] while an ambassador may be appointed during a recess, they can serve only until the end of the next session of Congress, unless subsequently confirmed.^[2]

Ambassadors are the highest-ranking diplomats of the U.S. and are usually based at the embassy in the host country. They are under the jurisdiction of the Department of State and answer directly to the secretary of state; however, ambassadors serve "at the pleasure of the President", meaning they can be dismissed at any time. Appointments change regularly for various reasons, such as reassignment or retirement.

An ambassador may be a career Foreign Service Officer (career diplomatCD) or a political appointee (PA). In most cases, career foreign service officers serve a tour of approximately three years per ambassadorship, whereas political appointees customarily tender their resignations upon the inauguration of a new president.

The State Department publishes a monthly list of ambassadors.^[3] A listing by country of past chiefs of mission is maintained by the Office of the Historian of the U.S. Department of State,^[4] along with the names and appointment dates of past and present ambassadors-at-large^[5] and mission to international organizations.^[6]

Current U.S. ambassadors

Note that the information in this list is subject to change due to regular personnel changes resulting from retirements and reassignments. The State Department posts updated lists of ambassadors approximately monthly, accessible via an interactive menu-based website.^[3] ^[7] ^[8]

Host country	List	Ambassador	Background	Embassy and website	Position established	data-sort-type=Date	Confirmed
Afghanistan		Karen B. Decker, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Kabul https://af.usembassy.gov/	1921
Albania		Nancy Vanhorn, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Tirana	1922
Algeria			CD	Algiers	1962	December 18, 2021
Andorra			PA	Madrid	1998	December 18, 2021
Angola			CD	Luanda	1994	December 18, 2021
Antigua and Barbuda			PA	Bridgetown	1981	November 15, 2023
Argentina			PA	Buenos Aires	1823	December 18, 2021
Armenia			CD	Yerevan https://am.usembassy.gov	1993	December 13, 2022
Australia			PA	Canberra https://au.usembassy.gov	1940	May 5, 2022
Austria			PA	Vienna https://at.usembassy.gov	1838	October 26, 2021
Azerbaijan		Mark W. Libby	CD	Baku	1992	November 8, 2023
Bahamas		Kimberly Furnish, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Nassau	1973
Bahrain			CD	Manama https://bh.usembassy.gov	1971	December 18, 2021
Bangladesh		Helen LaFave, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Dhaka https://bd.usembassy.gov	1974
Barbados			PA	Bridgetown	1966	November 15, 2023
Belarus		Peter Kaufmann, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Minsk	1992
Belgium			PA	Brussels https://be.usembassy.gov	1832	December 18, 2021
Belize			PA	Belmopan	1981	September 29, 2022
Benin			CD	Cotonou	1960	December 18, 2021
Bhutan	The United States does not maintain formal diplomatic relations with Bhutan. Informal contact through the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi.
		Debra Hevia, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	La Paz	1849
Bosnia and Herzegovina			CD	Sarajevo https://ba.usembassy.gov	1993	December 18, 2021
Botswana			CD	Gaborone	1966	December 21, 2022
Brazil			PA	Brasília	1825	December 14, 2022
			CD	Bandar Seri Begawan	1984	December 18, 2021
Bulgaria			CD	Sofia	1901	December 13, 2022
Burkina Faso			CD	Ouagadougou	1960	May 2, 2024
(Myanmar)		Susan N. Stevenson, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Yangon https://mm.usembassy.gov	1947
Burundi			CD	Bujumbura	1962	May 2, 2024
(Cape Verde)			CD	Praia	1976	May 2, 2024
Cambodia		Bridgette L. Walker, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Phnom Penh https://kh.usembassy.gov	1950
Cameroon			CD	Yaoundé	1960	December 18, 2021
Canada			PA	Ottawa https://ca.usembassy.gov	1927	November 2, 2021
Central African Republic			CD	Bangui	1960	December 18, 2021
Chad			CD	N'Djamena	1961	July 14, 2022
Chile			PA	Santiago	1824	July 20, 2022
China			PA	Beijing https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn	1844	December 16, 2021
Colombia		Francisco Palmieri, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Bogotá	1823
Comoros			CD	Antananarivo	1977	March 2, 2022
			CD	Brazzaville	1960	December 18, 2021
			CD	Kinshasa	1960	December 20, 2022
Costa Rica			PA	San José	1853	December 18, 2021
Croatia			PA	Zagreb	1992	December 6, 2023
Cuba		Benjamin G. Ziff, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Havana https://cu.usembassy.gov	1902
Cyprus			CD	Nicosia	1960	December 13, 2022
Czech Republic			PA	Prague https://cz.usembassy.gov	1992	December 13, 2022
Denmark			PA	Copenhagen https://dk.usembassy.gov	1827	June 15, 2022
Djibouti			CD	Djibouti City	1980	May 2, 2024
Dominica			PA	Bridgetown	1979	November 15, 2023
Dominican Republic		Patricia Aguilera, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Santo Domingo	1884
(Timor-Leste)		Donna Ann Welton	CD	Dili	2002	May 7, 2024
Ecuador			CD	Quito	1833	May 2, 2024
Egypt		Herro Mustafa	CD	Cairo	1848	November 1, 2023
El Salvador			CD	San Salvador https://sv.usembassy.gov	1863	December 13, 2022
Equatorial Guinea			CD	Malabo	1967	December 18, 2021
Eritrea		Leslie Freriksen, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Asmara	1991
Estonia			CD	Tallinn https://ee.usembassy.gov	1922	December 13, 2022
		Caitlin Piper, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Mbabane	1971
Ethiopia			CD	Addis Ababa	1908	July 27, 2023
Fiji			CD	Suva	1971	August 4, 2022
Finland			PA	Helsinki	1920	March 24, 2022
France			PA	Paris https://fr.usembassy.gov	1778	December 18, 2021
Gabon			CD	Libreville	1960	November 29, 2023
			CD	Banjul	1965	December 18, 2021
Georgia			CD	Tbilisi	1992	July 27, 2023
Germany		Alan Meltzer, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Berlin https://de.usembassy.gov	1797
Ghana			CD	Accra https://gh.usembassy.gov	1957	March 2, 2022
Greece			PA	Athens https://gr.usembassy.gov	1868	March 10, 2022
Grenada			PA	Bridgetown	1975	November 15, 2023
Guatemala			CD	Guatemala City	1826	December 20, 2023
Guinea-Bissau			CD	Dakar	1976	December 18, 2021
Guinea			CD	Conakry	1959	December 18, 2021
Guyana			CD	Georgetown	1966	July 27, 2023
Haiti		Dennis B. Hankins	CD	Port-au-Prince	1862	March 14, 2024
(Vatican City)		Laura Hochla, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Vatican City https://va.usembassy.gov	1984
Honduras			CD	Tegucigalpa	1853	March 10, 2022
Hungary			PA	Budapest	1921	July 28, 2022
Iceland			PA	Reykjavík	1941	August 7, 2022
India			PA	New Delhi https://in.usembassy.gov	1947	March 15, 2023
Indonesia			CD	Jakarta https://id.usembassy.gov	1949	May 2, 2024
		No diplomatic relations since April 7, 1980. Informal contact via the U.S. Interests Section in the Swiss embassy. Virtual Embassy Tehran open since December 2011.
Iraq			CD	Baghdad https://iq.usembassy.gov	1931	March 24, 2022
Ireland			PA	Dublin https://ie.usembassy.gov	1927	December 18, 2021
Israel			PA	Jerusalem https://il.usembassy.gov	1949	October 31, 2023
Italy			PA	Rome https://it.usembassy.gov	1831	July 27, 2023
			CD	Abidjan	1960	December 15, 2022
Jamaica			PA	Kingston	1962	March 10, 2022
Japan			PA	Tokyo https://jp.usembassy.gov	1859	December 18, 2021
Jordan			CD	Amman	1950	July 27, 2023
Kazakhstan			CD	Astana	1992	August 4, 2022
Kenya			PA	Nairobi https://ke.usembassy.gov	1964	July 14, 2022
Kiribati			CD	Suva	1980	August 4, 2022
			CD	Pristina	2008	November 18, 2021
Kuwait			CD	Kuwait City	1961	October 16, 2023
Kyrgyzstan			CD	Bishkek	1992	September 29, 2022
			CD	Vientiane	1950	November 29, 2023
Latvia			CD	Riga	1922	December 13, 2022
Lebanon			CD	Beirut https://lb.usembassy.gov	1942	December 14, 2023
Lesotho		Thomas Hines, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Maseru	1966
Liberia			CD	Monrovia	1863	May 2, 2024
Libya		Jeremy Berndt, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Tripoli	1952
Liechtenstein			PA	Bern	1853	December 18, 2021
Lithuania			CD	Vilnius	1922	November 29, 2023
Luxembourg			PA	Luxembourg https://lu.usembassy.gov	1903	December 16, 2021
Madagascar			CD	Antananarivo	1960	March 2, 2022
Malawi		Amy W. Diaz, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Lilongwe	1964
Malaysia		Edgard Kagan	CD	Kuala Lumpur	1957	November 8, 2023
Maldives			CD	Colombo	2023	July 27, 2023
Mali			CD	Bamako	1960	December 13, 2022
Malta			PA	Attard https://mt.usembassy.gov	1964	August 6, 2022
Marshall Islands			CD	Majuro	1986	May 2, 2024
Mauritania		David Dale Reimer, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Nouakchott	1960
Mauritius			CD	Port Louis	1968	December 13, 2022
Mexico			PA	Mexico City https://mx.usembassy.gov	1825	August 11, 2021
			CD	Kolonia	1987	July 27, 2023
		Nina Maria Fite, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Chișinău https://md.usembassy.gov	1992
Monaco			PA	Paris https://fr.usembassy.gov	2006	December 18, 2021
Mongolia			CD	Ulaanbaatar	1988	August 4, 2022
Montenegro			CD	Podgorica	1905	September 6, 2018
Morocco			PA	Rabat	1905	September 8, 2022
Mozambique			CD	Maputo	1976	December 18, 2021
Namibia			CD	Windhoek	1990	September 20, 2022
Nauru			CD	Suva	1974	August 4, 2022
Nepal			CD	Kathmandu	1959	August 4, 2022
Netherlands			PA	The Hague https://nl.usembassy.gov	1781	September 14, 2022
New Zealand			PA	Wellington	1942	October 26, 2021
Nicaragua			CD	Managua https://ni.usembassy.gov	1851	September 29, 2022
Niger			CD	Niamey	1960	July 27, 2023
Nigeria			CD	Abuja	1960	May 2, 2024
	The United States does not maintain diplomatic relations with North Korea. Limited consular matters are handled by the Swedish embassy.
			CD	Skopje	1993	August 4, 2022
Norway		Eric Meyer, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Oslo https://no.usembassy.gov	1905
Oman			CD	Muscat	1972	October 17, 2023
Pakistan			CD	Islamabad https://pk.usembassy.gov	1947	March 1, 2022
Palau			CD	Koror	2004	July 27, 2023
Panama			PA	Panama City	1903	September 29, 2022
Papua New Guinea			CD	Port Moresby	1975	November 29, 2023
Paraguay			CD	Asunción	1861	December 18, 2021
Peru			CD	Lima https://pe.usembassy.gov	1827	May 2, 2024
Philippines			CD	Manila https://ph.usembassy.gov	1946	May 5, 2022
Poland			PA	Warsaw https://pl.usembassy.gov	1919	December 18, 2021
Portugal			PA	Lisbon https://pt.usembassy.gov	1791	March 10, 2022
Qatar			CD	Doha	1971	August 4, 2022
Romania			CD	Bucharest	1880	December 15, 2022
			CD	Moscow https://ru.usembassy.gov	1809	December 21, 2022
Rwanda			CD	Kigali	1963	July 27, 2023
Saint Kitts and Nevis			PA	Bridgetown	1984	November 15, 2023
Saint Lucia			PA	Bridgetown	1983	November 15, 2023
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines			PA	Bridgetown	1981	November 15, 2023
Samoa			PA	Apia	1971	October 26, 2021
San Marino			PA	Florence San Marino VPP	2006	July 27, 2023
			CD	Luanda	1975	December 18, 2021
Saudi Arabia			CD	Riyadh	1939	March 14, 2023
Senegal			CD	Dakar	1960	December 18, 2021
Serbia			CD	Belgrade	1882	March 10, 2022
Seychelles			CD	Port Louis	1976	December 13, 2022
Sierra Leone			CD	Freetown	1961	July 27, 2023
Singapore			PA	Singapore https://sg.usembassy.gov	1966	November 19, 2021
Slovakia			CD	Bratislava	1993	August 4, 2022
Slovenia			PA	Ljubljana	1992	December 18, 2021
Solomon Islands			CD	Port Moresby	1978	November 29, 2023
Somalia			CD	Mogadishu https://so.usmission.gov	1960	May 2, 2024
South Africa			PA	Pretoria	1929	July 21, 2022
			CD	Seoul https://kr.usembassy.gov	1883	May 5, 2022
			CD	Juba https://ss.usembassy.gov	2011	July 14, 2022
Spain			PA	Madrid	1783	December 18, 2021
Sri Lanka			CD	Colombo	1949	December 18, 2021
Sudan		Colleen Crenwelge, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Khartoum	1956
Suriname			CD	Paramaribo	1975	December 13, 2022
Sweden			PA	Stockholm	1818	December 18, 2021
Switzerland			PA	Bern	1853	December 18, 2021
		The embassy was closed on February 6, 2014. Poland became the protecting power until its embassy closed on July 27, 2014, at which point the Czech Republic took responsibility.
	Since January 19, 1979, diplomatic relations have been carried out by the American Institute in Taiwan Taipei Office
Tajikistan			CD	Dushanbe	1992	December 13, 2022
			PA	Dar es Salaam https://tz.usembassy.gov	1962	December 13, 2022
Thailand			CD	Bangkok https://th.usembassy.gov	1882	August 4, 2022
Togo		Ronald E. Hawkins Jr., chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Lomé	1960
Tonga			CD	Suva	1972	August 4, 2022
Trinidad and Tobago			PA	Port of Spain	1962	September 29, 2022
Tunisia			CD	Tunis	1956	December 21, 2022
Turkey			PA	Ankara	1831	October 26, 2021
Turkmenistan			CD	Ashgabat	1992	May 2, 2024
Tuvalu			CD	Suva	1979	August 4, 2022
Uganda			CD	Kampala	1963	July 27, 2023
Ukraine			CD	Kyiv https://ua.usembassy.gov	1992	May 18, 2022
United Arab Emirates			CD	Abu Dhabi	1972	July 27, 2023
United Kingdom			PA	London https://uk.usembassy.gov	1791	May 25, 2022
Uruguay			CD	Montevideo	1867	December 13, 2022
Uzbekistan			CD	Tashkent	1992	August 4, 2022
Vanuatu			CD	Port Moresby	1986	November 29, 2023
		Francisco Palmieri, chief of mission	(N/A)	Caracas https://ve.usembassy.gov	1835
			CD	Hanoi	1997	December 18, 2021
Yemen			CD	Sanaa	1988	April 7, 2022
Zambia			CD	Lusaka	1965	August 4, 2022
Zimbabwe			CD	Harare	1980	May 2, 2024
	The Republic of Abkhazia is not recognized by the United Nations or by the United States.
	The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is not recognized by the United Nations or by the United States.
	The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United States.
	The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is not recognized by the United Nations or by the United States
	The Republic of South Ossetia is not recognized by the United Nations or by the United States.

Ambassadors to international organizations

Ambassadors to the United Nations

Current ambassadors from the United States to the United Nations:

Host organization	Location	Ambassador	Background	Website	Confirmed
United Nations	New York, United States		PA	New York City	February 23, 2021
United Nations (Deputy)	New York City, United States		CD	New York City	August 1, 2024
United Nations (Management and Reform)	New York, United States		PA	New York City	December 18, 2021
United Nations (Special Political Affairs)	New York, United States		PA	New York City	September 20, 2022
United Nations Economic and Social Council	New York, United States		PA	New York City	February 8, 2022
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization	Paris, France	Courtney O'Donnell	PA	Paris	May 15, 2024
United Nations Human Rights Council	Geneva, Switzerland		PA	Geneva	February 17, 2022
United Nations International Organizations in Geneva	Geneva, Switzerland		PA	Geneva	December 18, 2021
United Nations International Organizations in Rome (U.N. Agencies for Food and Agriculture)	Rome, Italy	Jeffrey Prescott	PA	Rome	February 8, 2024
United Nations International Organizations in Vienna	Vienna, Austria		PA	Vienna	December 18, 2021

Other international organizations

Current ambassadors from the United States to other international organizations:

Host organization	Location	Ambassador	Background	Website	Confirmed
African Union	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia		CD	Addis Ababa	June 20, 2024
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation	Singapore		CD	Singapore	July 27, 2023
Asian Development Bank	Mandaluyong, Philippines		PA	Mandaluyong	February 8, 2022
Association of Southeast Asian Nations	Jakarta, Indonesia		PA	Jakarta	August 4, 2022
Conference on Disarmament	Geneva, Switzerland		CD	Geneva	September 13, 2022
European Union	Brussels, Belgium		PA	Brussels http://useu.usmission.gov/	December 18, 2021
International Atomic Energy Agency	Vienna, Austria		PA	Vienna	March 29, 2022
International Civil Aviation Organization	Montreal, Quebec, Canada	Anthony Clare, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Montreal
North Atlantic Treaty Organization	Brussels, Belgium		PA	Brussels https://nato.usmission.gov	November 18, 2021
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development	Paris, France		PA	Paris	March 12, 2024
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons	The Hague, Netherlands		CD	The Hague	February 6, 2024
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe	Vienna, Austria	Katherine Brucker, chargé d'affaires a.i.	(N/A)	Vienna http://osce.usmission.gov
Organization of American States	Washington, D.C., United States		PA	Washington, D.C.	December 14, 2022

Ambassadors-at-large

Current ambassadors-at-large from the United States with worldwide responsibility:^[9]

Portfolio	Background	Website	Confirmed
Counterterrorism	CD	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-counterterrorism/	December 19, 2023
Cyberspace and Digital Policy	PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state/bureau-of-cyberspace-and-digital-policy/	September 15, 2022
Global AIDS Combat	PA	https://www.state.gov/pepfar	May 5, 2022
Global Criminal Justice	PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-global-criminal-justice/	March 15, 2022
Global Women's Issues	PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/bureaus-and-offices-reporting-directly-to-the-secretary/office-of-global-womens-issues	May 10, 2023
International Religious Freedom	PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-international-religious-freedom/	December 16, 2021
Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons	PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-to-monitor-and-combat-trafficking-in-persons/	December 20, 2022

Other officials with the rank of ambassador

Officials who were granted the rank of ambassador in their senate confirmations:

Office of the United States Trade Representative

Position	Background	Website	Confirmed
United States Trade Representative	PA	https://ustr.gov/	March 17, 2021
Deputy United States Trade Representative (Western Hemisphere, Europe, the Middle East, Labor, and Environment)	(N/A)	https://ustr.gov/about-us/organization
Deputy United States Trade Representative (Asia, Africa, Investment, Services, Textiles, and Industrial Competitiveness)	(N/A)	https://ustr.gov/about-us/organization
Deputy United States Trade Representative (Geneva Office)	PA	https://ustr.gov/about-us/organization	March 10, 2022
Chief Agricultural Negotiator, Office of the United States Trade Representative	PA	https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/agriculture	December 22, 2022

U.S. State Department

Position	Ambassador	Background	Website	Confirmed
Chief of Protocol	Ethan Rosenzweig, Acting Chief of Protocol	(N/A)	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-chief-of-protocol/
Coordinator for International Communications and Information		CD	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/division-for-international-communications-and-information-policy/	May 14, 2024
Director of the Office of Foreign Missions		CD	https://www.state.gov/ofm	May 19, 2022
Head of the Office of Sanctions Coordination		(N/A)	https://www.state.gov/head-of-the-office-of-sanctions-coordination/
Special Envoy on North Korean Human Rights Issues		CD	https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/north-korea/	July 27, 2023
Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism		PA	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-the-special-envoy-to-monitor-and-combat-antisemitism/	March 30, 2022
Special Representative of the President for Nuclear Nonproliferation		PA	https://www.state.gov/biographies/adam-scheinman/	March 18, 2021

Other chiefs of mission

Senior diplomatic representatives of the United States hosted in posts other than embassies. Unlike other consulates, these persons report directly to the Secretary of State.

Host country	Title	Website	Appointed
	Consul General and Chief of Mission	Curaçao	January 20, 2022
Hong Kong	Consul General and Chief of Mission	Hong Kong https://hk.usconsulate.gov	September 2022
	Director (of the nominally independent American Institute in Taiwan)	Taipei https://www.ait.org.tw	July 15, 2021

Special envoys, representatives, and coordinators

These diplomatic officials report directly to the Secretary of State. Many oversee a portfolio not restricted to one nation, often an overall goal, and are not usually subject to Senate confirmation.^[10] ^[11] ^[12] Unlike the State Department offices and diplomats listed in other sections of this Article, the offices and special envoys/representatives/coordinators listed in this Section are created and staffed by direction of top Federal Executive administratorsprimarily U.S. Presidents and Secretaries of Statewhose political or organizational management philosophies may not be shared by their successors.^[13] ^[14] ^[15] As such, many of these positions may go unfilled upon assumption of office by successor Presidential Administrations, with their offices sometimes merged with or subsumed into other offices, or abolished altogether.

Portfolio	Title	Officeholder	Website	Appointed
Advance the Human Rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex (LGBTQI+) Persons	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/jessica-stern/	September 27, 2021
Afghan Women, Girls, and Human Rights	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/rina-amiri/	January 6, 2022
Afghanistan	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/special-representative-for-afghanistan/	October 20, 2021
Atlantic Cooperation	Senior Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/jessye-lapenn/	December 30, 2022
The Arctic Region	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-coordinator-for-the-arctic-region/	July 27, 2020
Biodiversity and Water Resources	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/monica-p-medina-named-special-envoy-for-biodiversity-and-water-resources/
The Biological Weapons Convention	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/kenneth-d-ward/	March 30, 2022
China	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/mark-baxter-lambert/	September 29, 2023
City and State Diplomacy	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/the-secretarys-office-of-global-partnerships/the-special-representative-for-subnational-diplomacy/	October 3, 2022
Climate	Special Presidential Envoy	(deputy)	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-special-presidential-envoy-for-climate/	January 20, 2021
Climate	Special Presidential Envoy	(deputy)		January 20, 2021
Commercial and Business Affairs	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/bureau-of-economic-and-business-affairs/office-of-commercial-and-business-affairs/	October 27, 2023
Counterterrorism	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/elizabeth-richard/	December 29, 2023
Critical and Emerging Technology	Special Envoy	(deputy)	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-special-envoy-for-critical-and-emerging-technology/	January 3, 2023
Digital Freedom	Special Envoy and Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/eileen-donahoe/	September 6, 2023
The Diplomatic Security Service for Security Infrastructure	Senior Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/donald-j-blersch/	June 10, 2019
The DPRK	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/sung-kim/	May 21, 2021
Global Anti-Corruption	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-international-narcotics-and-law-enforcement-affairs/office-of-the-coordinator-on-global-anti-corruption/	July 5, 2022
The Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/elizabeth-richard/	December 29, 2023
Global Democratic Renewal	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/
The Global Engagement Center	Special Envoy and Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/global-engagement-center/	December 15, 2022
Global Food Security	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-global-food-security/	May 5, 2022
Global Partnerships	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-global-partnerships/	June 6, 2022
Global Youth Issues	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/office-of-global-youth-issues/	November 21, 2022
Haiti	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/daniel-l-foote/
Health Incident Response Task Force	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/jonathan-moore/	November 15, 2021
Holocaust Issues	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-european-and-eurasian-affairs/office-of-the-special-envoy-for-holocaust-issues/	August 23, 2021
The Horn of Africa	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/michael-hammer/	June 1, 2022
Hostage Affairs	Special Presidential Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/special-presidential-envoy-for-hostage-affairs/	March 2, 2020
International Labor Affairs	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/kelly-m-fay-rodriguez/	December 5, 2022
Iran	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/robert-malley/	January 28, 2021
Israel and the Palestinian Authority	Security Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/united-states-security-coordinator-for-israel-and-the-palestinian-authority/	November 2021
Lawful Migration	Senior Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/biographies/holly-c-holzer/	August 7, 2023
Libya	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/appointment-of-ambassador-richard-norland-as-u-s-special-envoy-for-libya/	May 10, 2021
Monitor and Combat Antisemitism	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-the-special-envoy-to-monitor-and-combat-antisemitism/	May 3, 2022
Middle East Humanitarian Issues	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/david-m-satterfield/	October 15, 2023
North Korean Human Rights Issues	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/julie-turner/	October 13, 2023
Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/joseph-kennedy-iii/	December 19, 2022
Northern Triangle	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/ricardo-zuniga/
Nuclear Nonproliferation	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/adam-scheinman/	December 20, 2021
Palestinian Affairs	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/hady-amr/	November 22, 2022
The Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment	Special Coordinator	(acting)	https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-special-coordinator-for-the-partnership-for-global-infrastructure-and-investment/	May 31, 2023
Racial Equity and Justice	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/desiree-cormier-smith/	June 17, 2022
The Sahel Region of Africa	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/office-of-the-special-envoy-for-the-sahel-region-of-africa/
Syria Engagement	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-secretarys-special-representative-for-syria-engagement/
Tibetan Issues	Special Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/u-s-special-coordinator-for-tibetan-issues/	July 14, 2021
U.S. Assistance to Europe and Eurasia	Coordinator		https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-european-and-eurasian-affairs/office-of-the-coordinator-of-u-s-assistance-to-europe-and-eurasia/	October 24, 2022
Ukraine's Economic Recovery	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/announcing-the-u-s-special-representative-for-ukraines-economic-recovery/	September 14, 2023
United Nations International Organizations in Nairobi	Permanent Representative		Nairobi	May 2023
Venezuela	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/special-representative-for-venezuela/
Western Balkans	Special Representative		https://www.state.gov/biographies/gabriel-escobar/	September 7, 2021
Yemen	Special Envoy		https://www.state.gov/biographies/timothy-a-lenderking/	February 4, 2021

Nations without exchange of ambassadors

Bhutan

According to the U.S. State Department, "The United States and the Kingdom of Bhutan have not established formal diplomatic relations; however, the two governments have informal and cordial relations."^[16] Informal contact with the nation of Bhutan is maintained through the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi.^[16]

Iran

On April 7, 1980, the United States broke diplomatic relations with Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution.^[17] On April 24, 1981, the Swiss government assumed representation of U.S. interests in Tehran, and Algeria assumed representation of Iranian interests in the United States.^[18] Currently, Iranian interests in the United States are represented by the government of Pakistan. The U.S. Department of State named Iran a "State Sponsor of Terrorism" on January 19, 1984.^[19]

North Korea

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is not on friendly terms with the United States, and while talks between the two countries are ongoing, there is no exchange of ambassadors. Sweden functions as Protective Power for the United States in Pyongyang and performs limited consular responsibilities for U.S. citizens in North Korea.^[20]

Syria

On February 6, 2012, the United States suspended operations at its embassy in Damascus.^[21] On May 5, 2014, the United States recognized the National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces as the foreign mission of Syria.^[22]

Taiwan

With the normalization of relations with the People's Republic of China in 1979, the United States has not maintained official diplomatic relations with Taiwan. Relations between Taiwan and the United States are maintained through an unofficial instrumentality, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office, with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington, D.C., and twelve other U.S. cities. The Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan, a non-profit, public corporation, functions as a de facto embassy, performing most consular functions and staffed by Foreign Service Officers who are formally "on leave".^[23]

Notable past ambassadors

Many well-known individuals have served the United States as ambassadors, or in formerly analogous positions such as envoy, including several who also became President of the United States (indicated in boldface below). Some notable ambassadors have included:

Ambassador	Host country or organization
John Adams	United Kingdom, Netherlands
John Quincy Adams	United Kingdom, Russia, Netherlands, Germany
Madeleine Albright	United Nations
Lindy Boggs	Holy See
John Bolton	United Nations
Carol Moseley Braun	New Zealand
Paul Bremer	Netherlands
James Buchanan	Russia, United Kingdom
George H. W. Bush	United Nations, China
Lewis Cass	France
Cassius Marcellus Clay	Russia
George M. Dallas	Russia, United Kingdom
John W. Davis	United Kingdom
Charles G. Dawes	United Kingdom
William L. Dayton	France
Frederick Douglass	Haiti
Lawrence Eagleburger	Yugoslavia
Geraldine Ferraro	UNHRC
Tom Foley	Japan
Benjamin Franklin	France, Sweden
John Kenneth Galbraith	India
Bill Hagerty	Japan
Nikki Haley	United Nations
Hannibal Hamlin	Spain
Averell Harriman	Soviet Union, United Kingdom
Pamela Harriman	France
Patricia Roberts Harris	Luxembourg
William Henry Harrison	Colombia
Richard Holbrooke	Germany, United Nations
Jon Huntsman Jr.	Singapore, China, Russia
Washington Irving	Spain
John Jay	Spain

Ambassador	Host country or organization
Thomas Jefferson	France
Caroline Kennedy	Japan, Australia
Jean Kennedy Smith	Ireland
Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.	United Kingdom
William R. King	France
Jeane Kirkpatrick	United Nations
Robert Todd Lincoln	United Kingdom
Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.	United Nations, Germany
Clare Boothe Luce	Italy
George C. Marshall	China
Cindy McCain	UN Agencies for Food and Agriculture
George McGovern	UN-Rome
John Y. Mason	France
Walter Mondale	Japan
James Monroe	France, United Kingdom
Levi P. Morton	France
Daniel Patrick Moynihan	India, United Nations
Phil Murphy	Germany
John Negroponte	Honduras, Mexico, Philippines, UN, Iraq
James Lawrence Orr	Russia
George H. Pendleton	Germany
Joel Roberts Poinsett	Mexico
Whitelaw Reid	France, United Kingdom
Bill Richardson	United Nations
Donald Rumsfeld	NATO
Sargent Shriver	France
Shirley Temple	Czechoslovakia, Ghana
Adlai Stevenson II	United Nations
Andrew Stevenson	United Kingdom
Martin Van Buren	United Kingdom
Paul Wolfowitz	Indonesia
Charles Yost	Laos, Syria, Morocco, United Nations

Ambassadors killed in office

Eight United States Ambassadors have been killed in officesix of them by armed attack and the other two in plane crashes.^[24]

Name	Ambassador to	Place	Country	Killed by
Laurence Steinhardt	Canada	Ramsayville, Ontario	Canada	plane crash
John Gordon Mein	Guatemala	Guatemala City	Guatemala	attack by Rebel Armed Forces
Cleo A. Noel Jr.	Sudan	Khartoum	Sudan	attack by Black September Organization
Rodger Davies	Cyprus	Nicosia	Cyprus	attack during Greek Cypriot demonstration
Francis E. Meloy Jr.	Lebanon	Beirut	Lebanon	attack by Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Adolph Dubs	Afghanistan	Kabul	Afghanistan	attack by Settam-e-Melli
Arnold Lewis Raphel	Pakistan	Bahawalpur	Pakistan	plane crash
J. Christopher Stevens	Libya	Benghazi	Libya	attack by Ansar al-Sharia on a U.S. diplomatic mission

Ambassadors to past countries

External links

Notes and References

https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/powers.htm U.S. SenatePowers & Procedure
Web site: Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions. Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress. Henry B. Hogue. 2012-05-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20171229043342/https://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/RS21308.pdf. December 29, 2017. live.
Web site: List of U.S. Ambassadors. United States Department of State. en.
Web site: Chiefs of Mission Listed by Country. U.S. Department of State. June 24, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20170512025317/https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/by-country. May 12, 2017. live.
Web site: Ambassadors at Large . . July 18, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180707035251/https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/ambassador-at-large . July 7, 2018 . live .
Web site: Chiefs of Mission to International Organizations . . July 18, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180706203110/https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/by-organization . July 6, 2018 . live .
Burns. William J.. William J. Burns (diplomat). Thomas-Greenfield. Linda. Linda Thomas-Greenfield. 2020-09-23. The Transformation of Diplomacy: How to Save the State Department. 99. 6. Foreign Affairs. 0015-7120. subscription.
Web site: Current list of U.S. Ambassadors. 2021-11-07. United States Department of State. United States Department of State. en.
Web site: United States Ambassadors at Large . February 3, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170117063517/https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/ambassador-at-large . January 17, 2017 . live .
Web site: Special Envoys, Representatives and Coordinators. American Foreign Service Association. January 7, 2019. January 22, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190118044958/http://www.afsa.org/special-envoys-representatives-and-coordinators. January 18, 2019. live.
Web site: Assistant Secretaries and Other Senior Officials . May 23, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180521161126/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/title/as/index.htm . May 21, 2018 . live .
Web site: Alphabetical List of Bureaus and Offices . May 23, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190701133524/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/rls/dos/1718.htm . July 1, 2019 . live .
Web site: Tillerson Wants to Whittle Down Number of Special Envoys . Torres-Bennett . Aileen . October 31, 2017 . washdiplomat.com . January 1, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171101233355/https://washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16234:tillerson-wants-to-whittle-down-number-of-special-envoys&catid=1563&Itemid=428 . November 1, 2017 . live.
Web site: First on CNN: Tillerson moves to ditch special envoys . Labott . Elise . Gaouette . Nicole . Herb . Jeremy . August 29, 2017 . CNN . January 1, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180310034511/https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/28/politics/tillerson-state-dept-envoys/index.html . March 10, 2018 . live.
Web site: SIDEBAR: Who's In and Who's Out . Kanowitz . Stephanie . October 31, 2017 . washdiplomat.com . January 1, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171101233524/https://washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16327:sidebar-whos-in-and-whos-out&catid=1563&Itemid=428 . November 1, 2017 . live.
Web site: Bhutan (08/04). United States Department of State.
News: U.S. Breaks Diplomatic Ties With Iran: Carter Breaks Ties, Orders Ouster of Iranian Diplomats. John M.. Goshko. Edward. Walsh. The Washington Post. April 8, 1980. A1. .
News: Former No. 2 Iran Diplomat To Be Allowed Back in U.S.. The Washington Post. April 25, 1980. A27. .
Web site: Chapter 3 – State Sponsors of Terrorism Overview. https://web.archive.org/web/20111005173553/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2010/170260.htm. dead. 2011-10-05. State.gov. 2011-09-04.
Web site: The Embassy SwedenAbroad. swedenabroad.com. 2016-10-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20130317073400/http://www.swedenabroad.com/en-GB/Embassies/Pyongyang/About-us/About-the-Embassy/. March 17, 2013. dead. mdy-all.
Web site: Suspending Embassy Operations in Syria. U.S. State Department. February 6, 2012.
News: U.S. recognizes Syria opposition offices as 'foreign mission'. Reuters. May 5, 2014.
Book: Roy, Denny. Taiwan: a political history. 2003. Cornell University Press. Ithaca. 9780801488054. 1. publ.. registration.
News: US Ambassadors Killed in the Line of Duty. Associated Press. 2012-09-12. 2012-09-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20120912223529/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/us-ambassadors-killed-line-duty. 2012-09-12.