Union of Metal, Mining and Energy explained

The Union of Metal, Mining and Energy (German: Gewerkschaft Metall-Bergbau-Energie, GMBE) was a trade union representing blue collar workers in Austria.

The union was founded by the Austrian Trade Union Federation in 1945. It was the federation's largest affiliate until 1978, when it was overtaken by the Union of Private Sector Employees. By 1998, it had 205,898 members, with 90% in the metal trades, and most of the remaining 10% working in mining and quarrying. In iron and steel works, it had almost 100% membership.^{[1] [2]}

In 2000, the union merged with the Union of Textile, Clothing and Leather Workers, to form the Metal Textile Union.^[3]

Presidents

1945: Karl Maisel

1962: Anton Benya

1977: Karl Sekanina

1985: Josef Wille

1988: Rudolf Nürnberger

References

1. Book: Ebbinghaus . Bernhard . Visser . Jelle . Trade Unions in Western Europe Since 1945 . 2000 . Palgrave Macmillan . Basingstoke . 0333771125 . 97.
2. Book: Campbell . Joan . Windmuller . John . European Labor Unions . 2012 . Greenwood Publishing Group . 031326371X . 24.
3. Web site: Eine Bewegung in Bewegung . Austrian Trade Union Federation . 16 January 2020.